The main focus of this study is to optimize proposed solutions for a residential PV-based net-metering systems with the option of EV adaptation, utilizing a weighted grading system. Technical, environmental and financial parameters are assessed to develop a techno-economic and environmental evaluation model. The proposed analysis investigates the electricity consumption of a typical household and possible energy-saving interventions. Solar PV installation scenarios and their combination with solar water heating and EV adaptation are evaluated in terms of sizing and financial sustainability, as well as CO₂ emissions reduction, along with the net-metering scheme.

The current study examines an algorithmic solution for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions resulting from the optimum energy demand coverage of a typical university campus via the contribution of an existing Combined Heat and Power (CHP) unit of 600 kW_e based on natural gas utilization. The application results of the proposed algorithm for the UNIWA Ancient Grove Campus suggest an optimal operation plan for the corresponding CHP unit and achieve a carbon dioxide emission reduction by almost 55% on an annual basis. In this context, the proposed innovative solution may be equally well applied on several other university campuses with similar positive results for the environment.