Urban innovation space functions not only as physical carriers for innovative activities but also as coordinating entities for balancing innovation production and talents’ living demands in the city. However, existing studies pay inadequate attention to the demand side of high-skilled talents who build urban innovation space. This paper, therefore, focuses on the evolution of urban innovation space and its spatial relationships with supporting factors (i.e. high-tech enterprises, intellectual carriers, public transportation, commercial facilities) satisfying talents’ living demands in Hangzhou, China. It is found that the urban innovation space in Hangzhou has evolved from a monocentric pattern towards a polycentric one, which is coined as ‘one main core, three sub-cores and six groups’. The spatial agglomerations of high-tech enterprises reflect the recent expansion trends of urban innovation space. The intellectual carriers have intensified a high-level spatial agglomeration of innovation in central and peripheral urban areas. Transportation conditions operate to enhance the agglomeration and selective dissemination of urban innovation space along key traffic corridors. Urban innovation space is primarily located within the service scope of business and commercial facilities. In short, the four supporting factors spatially match well with the urban innovation space in Hangzhou at present, which contributes to sustainable innovation and people-oriented urban development.

Coastal countries’ productive capabilities are significantly influenced by the structure, dynamics, and evolution of marine products. In this study, we examined the market development dynamics of marine products across 156 coastal countries from 1995 to 2021, utilizing product space and economic complexity frameworks. We constructed and analyzed the product space of 106 marine products across six major marine industries, investigating the positioning and potential of various coastal countries within this space over three decades. The key findings were as follows: (1) global marine product exports exhibited substantial growth and increased geographical diversification. (2) The marine product space exhibited a core–periphery structure, with high-complexity marine shipbuilding products at the core and resource-based primary products at the periphery. (3) Coastal countries’ positions in the product space could be clustered into four distinct types: (i) complex diversified economies with constrained development potential, (ii) developed and industrialized countries with coexisting complexity and diversification, (iii) small island and developing countries with coexisting specialization and potential, and (iv) single-resource-dependent countries in the Middle East and Gulf of Guinea in Africa. (4) Each type faced unique development opportunities and challenges. We recommend that all economies continually leverage their comparative advantages in complex products. Specifically, type (i) and (ii) countries should focus on strengthening inter-product technological and knowledge networks and developing more integrated industrial chains. Type (iii) and (iv) countries should capitalize on their resources and geographical advantages to develop new, more complex products that align closely with their existing product baskets.