Decentralization in Ukraine was actualized due to the inability of the local self-government system to satisfy the needs of the rural population in public services for the comprehensive development of a person, their self-realization, and the protection of their constitutional rights. The purpose of this empirical study is to examine development of rural areas in Ukraine in the context of decentralization. The methodology used was exploratory qualitative in nature and used a multiple case study, wherein data analysis were applied. We have found that the first result of decentralization in 2015–2018 is a slowdown in the decline of the proportion of the rural population, in the rate of decline of the available rural population, and the employment rate of the rural population. Our study refutes the hypothesis that the rural development targets, which were defined at the beginning of decentralization and fixed in the current legislation, have been achieved. Rural development targets have not been achieved, and economic modeling shows that there are no prospects for achieving them in the near future. The research results presented in the paper are of considerable importance for developing economic policy and the social development of rural areas, by addressing the needs of these rural areas.

GDP is one of the main indicators determining the level of economic growth in countries and regions across the globe, therefore, its calculation should be based on the advanced methodology. In the present context, the existing methods of the GDP calculation do not fully meet the fineness criterion subject to certain objective and subjective reasons. Hence, the development of more perfect methodology that takes into account the disadvantages of the existing techniques and is based on economic and mathematical modeling is an urgent national task for Ukraine. The purpose of the article is to assess the GDP calculation methodology used in Ukraine. To achieve this purpose, the relevant methods of GDP calculation, which are valid in Ukraine, have been analyzed, their specifics, certain drawbacks, problems of use and application scenarios have been also revealed. According to the analysis results, an advanced methodology based on an economic and mathematical model with the use of dynamic programming is proposed. The developed methodology for calculating the GDP takes into account the peculiarities of social development in Ukraine and the tendencies of world economic processes and contributes to obtaining more reliable GDP values. It will be useful for experts in financial institutions, including international ones, and scholars working in the macroeconomic modeling area.

Purpose. The purpose of the study is to determine the challenges to the functioning of the economy of Ukraine caused by the military aggression of the Russian Federation, to substantiate the priority measures and strategic directions of the economic recovery of post-war Ukraine. Results. The article analyzes the losses of the economy of Ukraine. It is substantiated that the mobilization of financial resources for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine should take place according to the principles of system, continuity and balance. The main determinants of the medium-term and long-term strategy of rebuilding the Ukrainian economy have been formed. Based on the use of an integrated approach, the priorities and sources of funding for the post-war reconstruction of Ukraine were determined. The role of the G7 countries and the EU, the leading international financial institutions, in ensuring the effective use of the potential of the Ukrainian economy for its post-war reconstruction and adaptation to the modern dynamic conditions of the European environment is defined. It was determined that the coordination of the Ukrainian and European development strategies will contribute to the emergence of second-order effects – synergistic effects. Scientific novelty of the obtained results is as follows: it has been proven that in the field of financing the medium-term recovery strategy of Ukraine, it is necessary to rely on the funds of foreign donors in the form of grants, aid from charitable funds, free financing (the primary direction is financing of the innovative agricultural sector); to ensure the modernization of the country, which is subject to the long-term strategy of post-war recovery, the sources of financing are the attraction of foreign capital, direct foreign investments. Practical value. The obtained research results can be used to develop the main directions of the Program for the post-war economic revival of Ukraine, taking into account the identified priorities and sources of funding.

This paper aims to provide a retrospective assessment of Ukraine’s state policy concerning state-owned banks and evaluate their impact on the sustainability of Ukraine’s public finances. The research methodology employs an empirical study of the cash flow of public funds to state-owned banks and the reverse cash flow to determine the impact of the activity and stability of public finances. The cash flow to state-owned banks includes the expenditure of public funds for the creation of authorised capital during the establishment of state-owned banks, the acquisition of shares in operating commercial banks, additional capitalisation of state-owned banks, etc. The reverse cash flow comprises dividends paid based on the performance of state-owned banks, as well as revenue generated for public funds through the sale of shares (privatisation) of state-owned banks. This study highlights the costs associated with recapitalising state-owned banks. These costs disrupt the stability of public finances, create additional debt dependency for Ukraine, impose an additional burden on public finances, and lead to structural changes that reduce funding for social spending. As a result, Ukrainian taxpayers are financing the inefficient activities of state-owned banks while experiencing reduced investments in education, healthcare, social protection, environmental protection, and other essential areas.

The article is devoted to the study of the state of the state debt and the state of Ukraine’s debt policy. The relevance of this topic is that during the previous years, the public debt of Ukraine, both external and internal, was constantly growing, creating threats to the country’s debt security and financial stability. Over the last decade, the problem of the growth of Ukraine’s foreign debt continues to worsen. Attracting loan capital is caused by the need to replenish currency reserves in order to increase the resources of the country’s economic development and ensure the stability of the national currency. The purpose of the study is a theoretical generalization of the prerequisites and features of the formation of the national debt of Ukraine and the justification of the policy of management and service of the external debt, which will contribute to ensuring the financial security and economic development of the country. In accordance with the set goal, the work is supposed to solve a number of problems, the main of which are: clarifying the impact of foreign debt on the financial security of the state; clarification of the relationship between the financial and economic development of the state and the state debt; assessment of the state debt of Ukraine and the state of its financial security; development of proposals for improving the management and servicing of public debt in Ukraine. To achieve the goal, the following scientific methods were used in the scientific research: analysis and generalization - to study the current state of debt security in Ukraine; comparison and compilation - for the analysis of world and national experience in calculating the system of indicators of financial security; grouping – for clustering of relevant indicators of the impact of debt on financial security; statistical analysis – to study the dynamics of debt security indicators and calculate an integral index based on them. These methods make it possible to single out the challenges and prospects of the Ukrainian economy on the way to achieving the optimal level of the country’s foreign debt. The structure of the state debt of Ukraine and its optimal limits have been determined. An analysis of the current state and main trends of the state debt of Ukraine was carried out. In particular, the trends of its share in GDP were determined, a thorough structural analysis of the national debt of Ukraine was carried out for the period from 01.01.2013 to 01.01.2022, and an assessment of budget costs for servicing and repayment of the national debt of Ukraine was carried out. An analysis of the state and structure of the state debt of Ukraine makes it possible to identify trends in its volume growth. During the analyzed period, the size of the national debt of Ukraine changed rapidly, which is determined by general factors of economic development. The authors found that in the structure of the state debt, there is a clear tendency towards the predominance of external debt over internal debt. The main causes of the state debt are the state budget deficit and significant amounts of internal and external borrowing. Further growth of the national debt of Ukraine is very dangerous and may lead to the loss of economic independence, the withdrawal of funds from the financial market that could be used for the development of the real sector of the economy, a decrease in competitiveness on domestic and foreign markets, and a decline in the standard of living of the country’s population. But reaching the projected level threatens Ukraine with default. In order to avoid negative consequences, it is proposed to improve the mechanism of public debt management at the institutional level, to improve the legal framework, and also to increase the level of own gross domestic product by modernizing domestic enterprises.

Entrepreneurship is a major driver of modern economy. Students can be seen as potential future entrepreneurs. It is therefore very important to examine the main determinants of intentions for entrepreneurial activity. The study is based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour. According to her, the main determinants that affect the intention of certain behavior are attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. The goal of the present paper is to analyze the influence of these three determinants on entrepreneurship intentions and career choice of business students in the three countries. The research encompasses a sample of business students trained in the Kazimierz Pulaski University of Technology and Humanities – Radom, Poland, Prof. Ass. Zlatarov – Burgas, Bulgaria and National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine – Kiev, Ukraine.