Purpose: Marriage is an infinite bond between two partners that can be caused to fail by several factors. Economic stress leads to psychological stress and in some cases, marriage dissolution. The current study investigates the impact of economic stress (measured by the unemployment rate and inflation rate) on divorce rates using Chinese province-level panel data from 2010 to 2019. Design/Methodology/Approach: The panel fixed effects (FE) model, panel random effects (RE) model, and fixed effects- Driscoll and Kraay standard errors (DKSE) model were used for empirical analysis. Findings: The research findings support the hypothesized economic stress theory of divorce by Reuben Hill. According to the empirical findings, economic stress indicators such as unemployment and inflation have a positive and significant impact on the divorce rate in China and its regions. Furthermore, urbanization, education and mobile phone variables have a positive relationship with divorce rates except for children’s dependency. Contribution to literature: Taking into account both parties' perspectives, this study contributes to the existing literature by looking at economic stress in the context of divorce. We are particularly interested in how economic stress affected the marriage relationship's quality. We investigated the relationship between the unemployment rate, inflation rate and divorce rate in China's 31 provinces for the period 2010-2019. The entire sample is then separated into three sub-samples: Eastern China, Central China and Western China.

The world economies have environmental sustainability as one of their main concerns. Although numerous studies have been conducted to determine the factors

The travel and tourism industry contributes significantly to economic growth, global connectivity, and quality of life. We investigate the relationship between fiscal decentralization, energy security, economic growth, and tourism for the leading-six economies (namely China, France, Germany, Japan, the UK, and the USA) from 1995 to 2018 and examine the existence of the Kuznets curve (KC) between TR and FDC. Feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) and Panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) are employed for empirical examination of the liaison between the said variables. In the leading six economies, we find evidence for the N-shaped Kuznets curve. Fiscal decentralization (FDC), economic growth (EG), and energy security (ES) promote tourism. Other controls, such as tourism development and urbanization, are also included in the core model to check the robustness of the results. Our findings are insensitive to the integration of the other controls and econometric models. We find a positive relationship between urbanization, tourism development, and tourism, emphasizing the importance of tourism development and urbanization. The policy implication is that the top six economies can achieve sustainable growth in tourism by decentralizing their fiscal policies, boosting their economic growth, and ensuring their energy securities.

The real GDP and government consumption expenditures have been a popular discussion by several macroeconomists. Most of them were Wagner, Keynes, and others. The current study intuitively investigated Wagner's and Keynesian law's applicability to Pakistan from 1970 to 2021. Six versions of Wagner's law likewise Peacock-Wiseman (1961), Pryor (1968), Musgrave (1969), Goffman (1968), Gupta-Michas (1967), and Mann (1980) have been tested. The empirical results of the OLS model endorsed that Wagner’s Law is applicable to its variants like Peacock-Wiseman (1961), Pryor (1968), Goffman (1968), Gupta-Michas (1967), whereas Musgrave (1969), and Mann (1980) are inapplicable for Pakistan. To investigate the long-run cointegration of each Wagner version, the Johansen and Juselius (1990) cointegration test has been used. For all formulations of Wagner's law, cointegration does not exist. The Granger causality result revealed that only three versions have bi-direction causality and favored the Keynesian rule. The results differ from Wager’s rule. The study conveys the message to the policymaker that formed a set of comprehensive policies for the increase in general government final consumption expenditure toward an increase in national income. Developing countries should follow the Keynes law. JEL Code: C10, H50, O10, O54