The Hong Kong construction industry is facing a severe labor shortage due to an aging workforce and a lack of new entrants, even at a time of a construction boom. To improve this situation, ethnic minorities (EMs) have been attracted to join the construction industry. In many developed countries, however, some unofficial statistics show that EMs suffer higher fatality rates than their local counterparts. It is clear that the safety of EM construction workers requires more attention. This study evaluates the safety climate among EM construction workers in Hong Kong, predicts the impact of safety climate factors that affect the likelihood of injury occurrences, and determines the relationships between safety climate and the safety performance of EM workers. A questionnaire survey was administrated to Pakistani and Nepalese construction workers in Hong Kong. The results reveal that the overall average safety climate score for both EM groups was not very high and that the Pakistani worker scores were higher than the Nepalese worker scores. Frontline EM workers scored less than EM supervisors and managers. Among seven safety climate factors, “Workers personal involvement in safety and health” was ranked highest and “Perception of safety rules and regulations” was ranked lowest. “Risk-taking behavior and perception of work risk” and “Workers personal involvement in safety and health” were identified as significant predictors of injury occurrence. Furthermore, the safety climate is significantly associated with the degree of safety participation and safety compliance. It is expected that the findings of the study will provide insight into the level of safety climate among EM workers, enabling organizations and practitioners around the world to improve safe working among EM workers.

With urbanization slowing, the world has entered a new phase focused on stock-based development, where urban renewal plays a key role in advancing sustainable urbanization. These projects involve multiple stakeholders—governments, enterprises, and residents—whose conflicting interests often hinder progress and affect policy outcomes, equity, and long-term sustainability. This study is conducted to address existing gaps in understanding the dynamic mechanisms and multi-dimensional relationships underlying stakeholder conflicts in urban renewal projects (URPs). A total of 28 key influencing factors are identified and categorized. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) is then applied to reduce data dimensionality, resulting in five core dimensions: economic, legal, implementation, managerial, and social factors. Building on these findings, a system dynamics (SD)-based model is developed to simulate the interactions and evolutionary pathways of these factors within urban renewal projects. Results show that all five factors contribute to conflict to varying degrees, with economic factors being the primary driver. Drawing on empirical data from Chinese URPs, this study provides both theoretical insights and practical implications for policy formulation and governance strategies aimed at promoting more harmonious and sustainable urban renewal processes.

Digital leadership has emerged as a critical determinant of organizational success in an era characterized by rapid technological advancement, yet the field suffers from significant theoretical fragmentation and lacks a systematic integration of its evolving knowledge base, presenting substantial challenges for both practitioners and scholars seeking to advance theoretical understanding. This study aims to provide a more comprehensive perspective on the evolution and future research directions of digital leadership. A science mapping-based review is conducted to systematically examine and visualize 960 rigorously selected papers from the Web of Science (WOS), with no time constraints, covering all relevant publications from 1991 to 2024. The methods employed include regional co-occurrence, document co-citation, keywords clustering, and keywords burst to uncover the underlying structure and development of the field. The findings of this study reveal the development of foundational research in digital leadership, demonstrating the integration of methodologies and theories from other disciplines. Furthermore, the study identifies three research trends: green sustainable development, human-centered leadership and cross-cultural leadership. The contribution of this study is the construction of a knowledge map of digital leadership, providing a comprehensive understanding of digital leadership. To further illustrate the application of this map, the construction industry is used as a case study.