The paper presents the developed fiber-optic sensors for monitoring pressure measurement on the elements of mine supports. The sudden destruction of the support leads to the collapse of the mine workings and poses a serious threat to the life and safety of underground workers. A fiber-optic system for monitoring changes in pressures on the elements of mine supports will increase the share of mining automation and reduce the share of manual labor, as well as eliminate measurement errors associated with the human factor. Systematic monitoring of the state of the working elements of the support will allow timely tracking of their deformations caused by an increase in rock pressure on them. Implementation of the system at mining enterprises will expand the use of digital technologies in mining. Timely warning of a mine collapse threat will significantly increase the level of safe mining operations, as well as reduce the cost of supporting mine workings, since elimination of the consequences of destruction is associated with significant material costs. This work presents a developed laboratory testbench that simulates a mine working and elements of an arch support on which are installed the fiber-optic sensors connected to an automated measuring system. The developed hardware and software complex provides the processing of a light spot falling on the surface of a television matrix that is installed at the exit from the optical fiber. The results of visual processing are converted into numerical values, which are used to make a decision about the state of the considered object. In addition to automatic monitoring of the structural integrity condition of the considered object, the system is equipped with a function of a visual display for monitoring results, which makes it possible to track sharp fluctuations and bursts of pressure parameters, based on which the prediction of pre-emergency and emergency situations is performed.

Article is devoted to research of the additional losses occurring in the optical fiber at its multiple bends in the range waves of 1310 nanometers, 1550 nanometers and 1625 nanometers long. Article is directed on creation of the external factors methods which allow to estimate and eliminate negative influence. The automated way of calculation of losses at a bend is developed. Results of scientific researches are used by engineers of "Kazaktelekom" AS for practical definition of losses service conditions. For modeling the Wolfram|Alpha environment — the knowledge base and a set of computing algorithms was chosen. The greatest losses are noted on wavelength 1310nm and 1625nm. All dependences are nonlinear. Losses with each following excess are multiplicative.

MATEC Web of Conferences, open access proceedings in Materials science, Engineering and Chemistry

This paper presents the results of complex scientific research aimed at developing a prototype fiber-optic system for controlling the technical condition of buildings, structures, and extended objects. The aim is to develop a quasi-distributed type of fiber-optic control system without electrical signals, with the minimum possible cost of one measurement point. The fiber-optic sensors are based on a new method of controlling the parameters of the light spot by means of a hardware-software complex. The proposed monitoring system is quasi-distributed, is able to determine the damaged and most stressed and deformed areas of load-bearing reinforced concrete structures of buildings at the stage of their occurrence, and will allow for the taking of preventive measures for their protection. The research was carried out on a laboratory bench working together with the hardware-software complex; pixel analysis of changes in the area of the spot and its intensity was used as a fiber-optic sensor. A single-mode optical fiber of the G.652.D 9/125 μm standard was used, with a wavelength of 650 nm. The monitoring system can perform the function of pressure measurement on the building structure, establish the damage zone, and signal in case of an abrupt change in parameters in case of structure destruction. Laboratory tests have shown that the number of channels can be increased to 16 or 32. With the help of this system, it is possible to monitor the technical condition of the underground and above-ground parts of buildings or structures and control their integrity in real-time.

The research on determining rational parameters of heat treatment of a concrete mixture based on hollow aluminosilicate microspheres has defined the features of the intensifying action on the structural concrete mixture by low-pressure steam with optimum heat and mass transfer. Optimum values of temperature, humidity and speed of the medium have been identified. The obtained heat treatment parameters are subject to general regularities of structures for the formation of hydraulic bindings and are in accordance with production conditions, thus providing possibilities for their adaptation into production. The mechanisms for determining the strength of concrete stone according to the structural and thermal effectiveness of the active medium have been defined. Thanks to the strength-building mechanisms obtained, it is possible to reduce the thermal destruction capacity of the system while reducing the process heat consumption. It is confirmed that the main direction in reducing the destructive capacity is determined by the mass flow of moisture, which has the greatest heat capacity and the least thermal conductivity at the initial stages. The invention relates to periods of temperature rise and isothermal heating without impairing the mechanical properties of concrete. It is shown that the real duration excludes high-temperature destruction processes, thereby increasing the mechanical strength of concrete and reducing the overall energy consumption. Thus, there is a reason to argue that it is possible to produce strong and light concrete products under accelerated structure formation and new technologies for heat treatment of concrete based on lightweight fillers with reduced heat consumption.

The article presents the results of research to develop a method and means for monitoring the in situ condition of the joints braking devices in accordance with the gap value and the angle of rotation between segments of "Straight pin" kinematic pairs. It was obtained a mathematical model of the overlap area dependency of the sensor of plates from their relative displacement in the parameters With the help of capacitive sensors it is possible to control not only the hinged joints, but other mechanical parts of the mine winder that allows you to create the monitoring system of the technical condition in real time.