The purpose of this study was the scientific justification of the concept of assessment of the agro-resource potential of agricultural landscapes and the improvement of the methodology for such assessment, on the basis of knowledge integration principles that allow for the combining of various fields of science in order to create an integrated methodological approach to addressing scientific and practical problems of environmental management. Based on the analysis of modern worldviews and natural scientific ideas on the mechanisms of biomass production in natural systems, we propose a methodology for the assessment of the agro-resource potential of agricultural landscapes that is an integral function of four key components (groups of factors)—agroclimatic resources (ACR), soil–land resources (SLR), agrobiological resources (ABR) and water resources (WR)—and that is based on the laws of nature and the principles of agricultural nature management. The proposed algorithm for predicting the natural state of agricultural landscapes based on agroclimatic, agrochemical and agrobiological integrated indexes allowed us to develop a unified integrated approach to the methodology for the assessment of the agro-resource potential of agricultural landscapes that makes it possible to determine the logical sequence of the trend of changes in the natural process, fully characterizing its state in the space–time scale.

The article presents the scientific results of a study for the assessment of agricultural land in Zhambyl region of the Republic of Kazakhstan based on field studies in 2020-2021 and modern GIS technologies. The purpose of the study of the article is a comprehensive assessment of land resources used for agricultural production in Zhambyl region, identifying the prevailing areas of agricultural land, irrigated and rainfed pastures by administrative districts of the region. In the course of the scientific study, proven Kazakhstani methods of assessing the state of agricultural land, successfully applied to the arid agricultural regions of Kazakhstan, as well as methods of geographical and agricultural sciences for land analysis and calculation according to the structure of use, were used. Based on the statistical data of the Committee of Land Resources and preliminary regional plans, a map of the land fund of the Zhambyl region by land categories was created. The results of the study allow business entities, especially farms, to organize the rational use of irrigated lands, including pastures and hayfields, including the sustainability and profitability of agricultural production, as well as successfully develop agro-landscape tourism.

This article presents the results of a study assessing changes in climatic resources in various natural zones of the Zhetysu region, Republic of Kazakhstan, conducted based on long-term climate data for the period 1966 to 2024 (from 12 meteorological stations). The study examines current trends in climatic indicators in spatial and temporal aspects that influence agricultural land use within the region. The first part of this study examines current trends in climate indicators from both spatial and temporal perspectives within the Zhetysu Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan; the second part focuses on studying trends in climate indicators using the non-parametric Mann–Kendall test and the Sen’s slope test, as well as Fisher’s t-test. The authors identified divergent trends in relative air humidity and precipitation and detected a steady trend toward an increase in the average annual air temperature across the region. Based on the analysis of time series of climate-forming and climate–environment-forming indicators, a persistent increasing trend in mean annual air temperature was identified, while relative humidity, precipitation, and evaporation exhibited divergent (both positive and negative) trends across the territory of the region. The developed climate–resource-forming models and a series of estimated applied maps of climate indicators for 1966–1975 and 2016–2024 serve as the scientific basis for climate change forecasting and can be used by administrative bodies to improve agricultural land use strategies in the region.

The article presents the results of an assessment of the agro-climatic resources of the Zhetysu region, which was conducted on the basis of field research and GIS data. Maps of climatic meteorological parameters on a scale of 1:1,000,000 have been developed. To prepare thematic climate maps, an information and analytical database was compiled for a multi-year period of time for meteorological stations located in various agro-climatic regions of the region, which presents the results of climatological processing of the results at meteorological stations over a multi-year observation period (from 1891 to 2000, as well as new data from 2001-2024.). The assessment of moisture availability was based on the Selyaninov hydrothermal index (GTK), and heat availability was based on the sum of temperatures above 10°C. The results of the assessment of changes in the average annual air temperature by weather stations showed that over the past 25 years, there has been a slight increase in air temperature in the region, especially in summer. An increase in air temperature in summer can have a serious impact on pasture biodiversity, plant life cycle and productivity. Based on the average annual air temperature data, we assessed the heat supply of the growing season, which affects the productivity of pasture lands, and assessed the aridity of the region, which contributes to the processes of land degradation and desertification of the territory. Four zones have been identified in terms of moisture conditions: very dry (GTK=0.2-0.3); dry (GTK=0.3-0.5); very arid foothills (GTK=0.6-0.9); mountainous zone (GTK=>1.9).

Представлены научные результаты исследования изменения климата в природных зонах Туркестанской области Республики Казахстан на основе многолетних климатических данных за 1940- 2020 гг. по метеорологическим станциям, расположенным в области. Использованы апробированные отечественные, международные и авторские методики по оценкам изменения климата в природных зонах на основе построения графиков фиксированного временного ряда климатических показателей и уравнений линейных трендов. Результаты исследования показали, что среднегодовые температуры воздуха во всех природных зонах Туркестанской области имеют тенденцию к повышению, а количество годовых атмосферных осадков – к уменьшению, что сказывается на продуктивности сельскохозяйственных угодий.

The aim of this study is to develop theoretical and methodological approaches to assessing the natural resource potential of agricultural landscapes, which includes climatic, soil, land, biological, and water resources. The research methodology was based on the materialist theory of scientific knowledge, methods of mathematical modeling of natural conditions and processes, as well as the use of the Harrington’s desirability function. Based on the study, a model of a system of dimensionless criteria and evaluation indicators has been developed, which are used to determine the natural resource potential of agricultural landscapes (a composite indicator). On this basis, the scale of coded values for specific indicators and the Harrington’s desirability scale are calculated (complex indicator). The proposed mathematical model is a generalized Harrington’s desirability function, which varies from 0 to 1 and is divided into seven subranges (scales): (0–0.17) – catastrophic; (0.17–0.27) – very poor; (0.27–0.37) – poor; (0.37–0.50) – satisfactory; (0.50–0.63) – average; (0.63–0.83) – good; and (0.83–1.00) – very good. These gradations correspond to the general approaches used in assessing the natural resource potential of agricultural landscapes. The proposed methodology and algorithm for assessing the natural resource potential of agricultural landscapes make it possible to determine the degree of desirability according to the value of its function, and can be used for predicting the state of the natural environment.