This article presents a joint state-of-charge (SOC) and state-of-available-power (SOAP) estimation method based on online battery model parameter identification. First, the SOAP of lithium-ion batteries is analyzed thoroughly, and a safe operating area border-based (SOAB-based) SOAP estimation is proposed. Second, based on the adaptive battery-state estimator (ABSE) and improved ABSE, a joint SOC and SOAB-based SOAP estimation method is proposed. The joint estimation results show that the improved ABSE achieves higher accuracy than the ABSE at different battery aging states. The open-loop accuracy evaluation results show that the improved ABSE identifies the battery model parameters more accurately, and the ABSE algorithm error source lies in its identified Rp being much higher than the actual value when the battery is charged/discharged at a high current. The ABSE does not consider the influence of load current on the equivalent circuit model parameters, so it is not suitable for SOAP estimation in theory. The improved ABSE proposed by our team can eliminate this modeling error, identify the battery model parameters, and estimate the SOC and SOAB-based SOAP more accurately. This improved ABSE is an effective algorithm for estimating the battery state when the battery is charged/discharged with a high current.

Increasing discharge of sewage sludge is a threat to the ecological environment, and sludge treatment via combustion is the most feasible alternative. However, the low calorific value and high‐water content of raw sludge results in poor firing performance and increases the risk of environmental pollution. Recently, co‐combustion has emerged as a more environment‐friendly technology. Herein, the combustion behaviours of sewage sludge, corn stalk and their mixture at four heating rates were studied via thermogravimetric experiments. Results yielded the division of weight loss into three stages for corn stalk: dehydration, combustion of volatiles and combustion of fixed carbon; four stages were identified for sewage sludge and the mixture of sludge and stalk: dehydration, combustion of volatiles, combustion of fixed carbon and thermal decomposition of a small amount of minerals. Synergistic analyses found that with a 60% blending ratio of sewage sludge, interaction between the components in the high‐temperature range was greatly promoted. Gas emission characteristics showed that CO ₂ was the main product during (co‐)combustion, while the NO _x emissions at low (or high) temperatures for the blend were higher (or lower) than the theoretical values. Temperature had little effect on H ₂ S emissions, though it significantly affected SO ₂ emissions during co‐combustion.

With the increasing number of distributed power sources such as photovoltaic power and wind power and electric vehicles connected to the grid, the structure and operation state of the traditional distribution network have undergone great changes. Therefore, through the establishment of a distributed power grid-connected evaluation system, it has become an important research topic to evaluate the access of distributed power and the carrying capacity of electric vehicles in the distribution network of new power systems. Firstly, the situation of distributed power supply and electric vehicles and the impact of grid connection are introduced. Secondly, the traditional distribution network carrying capacity evaluation method is studied and introduced. Then, the distribution network carrying capacity evaluation considering uncertainty is reviewed and investigated. Finally, in view of the lack of existing research, further research is needed, aiming to provide a reference for the realization of distributed power supply and grid-connected EV carrying capacity evaluation and a scientific basis for the future operation planning of distributed power supply and EV integration into the distribution network.