Garlic contains various components, such as allicin, ajoenes, and allyl sulfides, which are organosulfur compounds. It exhibits antimicrobial activities in all forms, including garlic powder, garlic extract, and garlic oil. Additionally, it exerts anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antibiofilm, and antifungal effects. The drastic increase in drug-resistant organisms worldwide, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, has led to treatment failure in various infectious diseases. To overcome this issue, we aimed to assess the antibacterial activity of garlic extract against MRSA and explore its action mechanism against penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) in this study. Mueller–Hinton agar was used for the agar well diffusion test. Moreover, bactericidal activity was determined using the Mueller–Hinton agar and spot tests. Molecular docking was performed using AUTODOCK to evaluate the PBP-binding ability of allicin. A wide zone of inhibition was observed for MRSA, and molecular docking revealed a strong interaction between PBP3 of S. aureus and allicin. Overall, our findings revealed the antibacterial activity of garlic extract against MRSA, a prevalent gram-positive coccus causing healthcare-associated infections. In addition to its affordability, the beneficial effects of garlic suggest its therapeutic potential for MRSA treatment in combination with cefoxitin.

Staphylococcus is a group of bacteria that comprises of more than 30 species of medical importance. Among which Staphylococcus aureus causes most infections. 60% of Healthcare associated infections were caused by Staphylococcus aureus. They cause many different types of infections like Skin infections, which are the most common types. They also cause Bacteremia, an infection of the bloodstream, which can lead to sepsis. Bone infections, Endocarditis, Food poisoning and Pneumonia were also commonly caused by this bacterium. In past one-decade Staphylococcus species is gaining resistance to the antibiotics which is commonly used and also to the higher level antibiotics. This study mainly emphasis upon the prevalence of these species in a tertiary care hospital in order to frame the antimicrobial stewardship policy. The samples were received from the different departments and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern was interpreted. All the clinical specimens yielding Staphylococcus species were included in this study. 63% of Staphylococcus species were isolated from Exudate specimen following by Urine, Respiratory and Blood. The prevalence of MRCONS and MRSA is higher among inpatients with varying susceptibility pattern. This requires periodical surveillance and stringent infection control practices. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the value of the antimicrobial stewardship team (AST) combined with infectious diseases consultation on management and outcomes of Staphylococcus infections in a tertiary-care center.