Much focus is being dedicated to the development of innovative technologies for producing biodegradable polymers from plant biomass. It is proposed that annual and perennial herbaceous plants, such as miscanthus, be used as promising sources of cellulose. The component composition of miscanthus allows us to consider it as a raw material for obtaining cellulose. This paper proposes methods for cooking miscanthus lignocellulose raw materials, which allow sulfate cellulose to be obtained with a high yield (up to 52%). In the process of obtaining chemical–thermomechanical pulp, the product yield is 71%. The possibility of replacing unbleached sulfate pulp with a semi-finished product from miscanthus for paper production is considered. For all types of raw materials obtained, acceptable paper-forming properties are observed. The best strength and deformation properties are obtained for sulfate cellulose. The addition of this cellulose to the composition of waste paper fluting significantly increases the sheet density, elasticity, and energy capacity without losing tensile strength. Using miscanthus raw materials along with waste paper of grade MS 5B makes it possible to make a composite product. The resulting products have optimal mechanical properties for creating the middle layer of corrugated cardboard. Miscanthus cellulose can be considered a promising raw material for enhancing waste paper fluting. Altering the system composition utilizing miscanthus and waste paper enables a broad modification of the mechanical and optical qualities of the resultant paper. The recommended concentration of miscanthus fraction in waste paper fluting is 30%.

Recently, due to the growing interest in powdered cellulosic materials, a large number of studies have been carried out on various methods of their preparation. The main interest is associated with new opportunities for research on nanocellulose. However, for a complete understanding, it is necessary to have information about all powdered cellulosic materials and the peculiarities of their preparation. This paper provides an overview of powdered cellulosic materials, presents their characteristics, and describes the properties of the materials. It is shown that the morphology of its fiber, as well as the ratio of crystalline and amorphous regions of cellulose, has a significant effect on the properties of the material. Peculiarities of obtaining powdered cellulose materials are discussed, depending on the required properties, and existing research in the field of mechanical, chemical and enzymatic processing of cellulose is presented. The main areas of application of various powdered cellulose materials are described, as well as the current situation on the market, examples of both domestic and foreign manufacturers are given. The information on powdered cellulose materials is generalized, their classification is given, which is consistent with the modern concepts described in the scientific works of researchers from all over the world.

This study analyzes the effect of artificial aging on the mechanical deformational and optical properties of various paper samples, which allows us to evaluate their durability and suitability for long-term storage. The methods of accelerated aging, measuring the breaking length, specific resistance, elongation, and fracture strength, were used, and the optical characteristics were estimated by the R₄₅₇ and CIE whiteness indices, as well as opacity. Mechanical measurements (breaking length, specific resistance, elongation, and fracture strength) revealed that bleaching reduces residual lignin and strengthens interfiber bonds, boosting pine pulp strength by up to 8%. Optical properties initially improve slightly, then increase sharply after the second bleaching cycle and stabilize, while opacity decreases, providing greater light transmittance. After accelerated aging, the following deterioration is observed: for bleached samples, R₄₅₇ whiteness changes; and for unbleached samples, CIE whiteness and opacity increase. After aging, aspen pulps and kraft papers retained over 90% of their initial strength and whiteness, whereas untreated and office papers lost up to 20–25%. These findings identify that aspen-based and kraft papers demonstrate better mechanical deformational and optical properties, which makes it possible to predict the operational characteristics of paper depending on the processing and aging methods used.

This paper studies a two-stage oxygen-alkaline treatment and subsequent bleaching of softwood sulfate pulp obtained from healthy and deadwood of spruce and larch. Delignification was carried out at elevated temperature and pressure in an alkaline medium with the addition of hydrogen peroxide, after which the pulp was subjected to classic ECF cycles with chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide and, if necessary, elemental chlorine. The selected and washed mass was ground to a specified degree of grinding and formed into laboratory sheets of standard density on a sheet-forming apparatus. The results showed that oxygen-alkaline pretreatment significantly reduces the residual lignin content, and subsequent bleaching cycles make it possible to obtain high-brightness pulp with minimal losses of cellulose and viscosity. The structural, morphological and mechanical characteristics of the obtained samples were studied. After a full bleaching cycle, the fibers become slightly shorter and thinner, their surface is leveled, the proportion of small fractions decreases, and the homogeneity of the structure improves. The resulting cellulose samples demonstrate mechanical characteristics that meet industrial requirements for high-quality printing and thin-layer paper grades.

The aim of this work is to establish the influence of capillary-porous structure of cellulose on the physicochemical properties of fibrous material. Sulphate bleached hardwood pulp and algal cellulose obtained from the brown alga Saccharina latissima were used in this work. Algal cellulose has a mesoporous structure with a developed specific surface area. The size of algal cellulose fibres is 0.1-0.4 mm, and in terms of morphology they are ribbon-shaped, some of which are twisted. The study of physical and mechanical properties of composite paper made of hardwood pulp with algae pulp additive revealed differences with paper made of pure hardwood pulp. The addition of algae cellulose imparts roughness to the paper web, reduces air permeability and capillary absorption. The composite is also more effective as a filter than a paper web made solely of hardwood pulp. The obtained composite paper has prospects for the production of special purpose papers.

Studying the causes of forest dieback in Norway spruce (Pícea ábies) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stands is crucial for predicting their occurrence, promoting sustainable forest management and reforestation, and investigating the properties of forest products derived from fallen wood. This research presents structured data on identified forest dieback hotspots in various regions, establishing that spruce dieback is a part of the overall boreal forest dieback currently observed in Russia, Europe, and North America. A structured review of the main factors influencing the drying out of forest stands showed that the first group includes biotic causes (infection of forest stands by root rot, bacteria, etc.), and the second group includes abiotic causes (waterlogging, swamping, poor soils, windfall, forestry activities, fires, consequences of land reclamation, recreational load). One of the main biotic causes of tree wilting is bacterial infection. Bacteriosis, as the primary agent, manifests itself as a concurrent infection with diseases such as various types of root fungus, Dutch elm disease, and oak tracheomycosis. Bacterial growth is driven by climate change and a number of abiotic factors specific to a given region. Active use of data and predictive modeling based on soil, climate, fire and logging history, species composition, and remote sensing data allows for forecasting the distribution and intensity of key types of decay (especially rot) at the forest stand level, enabling informed planning of management activities and optimization of logistics for the active processing of fallen timber. Monitoring dangerous pathogens and regulating the volume of deadwood to economically and environmentally acceptable levels represents a shift from fighting to managing decay. Sustainable forestry recognizes the environmental value of fallen timber as a component of deadwood and a raw material in the production of advanced chemical processing products based on responsible biorefining, particularly cellulose for various purposes and fuel pellets.