Purpose: The purpose of the study is to show the excellent anatomical result of the inverted flap-assisted technique with platelet-rich plasma under air for retinitis pigmentosa complicated with macular hole. Methods: A 32-year-old woman, previously diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa, was referred to our department complaining of decreased central vision in her left eye for 4 weeks. At the time of presentation, the optical coherence tomography and fundoscopy examination showed the presence of a macular hole of 620 μm in diameter. The closure of the macular hole was observed after the surgical procedure, but endophthalmitis occurred 5 days, postoperatively. Results: In our presented case, the cover flap-assisted technique with platelet-rich plasma under air for retinitis pigmentosa complicated with macular hole resulted in excellent anatomical outcomes with unremarkable visual recovery. Conclusion: The physiopathology of full-thickness macular holes in retinitis pigmentosa patients remains still not fully elucidated. Pars plana vitrectomy with the adjunct of highly concentrated pure platelet-rich plasma have shown successful results.

Purpose To evaluate the precision, safety, and efficacy of congenital cataract surgery performed using the 27-gauge vitrectomy system in infants. Methods This retrospective study analyzed 44 eyes from 22 pediatric patients (aged 3–5 months) with bilateral congenital cataracts. The following parameters were assessed: intraocular pressure, corneal diameters, axial length, and the occurrence of intraoperative and postoperative complications. Visual function was evaluated based on visual behavior in response to various stimuli. All patients were followed for a minimum of 6 months. Results A significant reduction in intraocular pressure was observed (from 15.8 ± 5.7 mmHg preoperatively to 12.2 ± 1.1 mmHg postoperatively, p = 4.64 × 10⁻⁷). The average duration of the surgical procedure was 30 ± 5 min. Postoperative complications were minimal and transient, including conjunctival hyperemia in 30% of eyes (resolved within one week) and mild anterior chamber reaction in 12% of eyes. No significant complications, such as retinal detachment or glaucoma, were observed during follow-up. Conclusion The use of the 27-gauge vitrectomy system for congenital cataract surgery in infants provides high surgical precision, low complication rates, and effective postoperative outcomes. Further prospective studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm the long-term safety and efficacy of this approach.

Purpose: To describe the efficacy and safety of surgical treatment in refractory glaucoma using transscleral cyclophotocoagulation with a diode laser (TSCPC). Cyclo-G6 laser with a G-probe delivery system (Iridex, Silicon Valley, CA, USA). Materials and Methods: 134 patients (134 eyes) with refractory glaucoma were included in this study. Patients received transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (TSCPC) using the IRIDEX Cyclo-G6 diode laser equipped with a G-probe delivery system. The eyes were treated with 1250–1500 mW for 3500–4000 ms depending on the iris colour. Intraocular pressure (IOP) and the count of antiglaucoma medications (AGM) were documented at the initial assessment and again at 3, 6, and 12 months following the treatment. Results: A reduction in IOP was observed in 97.73% of eyes at 12 months. At 12 months, 55.97% of the 134 eyes decreased IOP under 21 mmHg. At the 3-month mark, 96.27% of eyes attained an IOP reduction in 30% or more from their initial baseline levels, 85.61% at 6 months, and 82.17% at 12 months. A reduction in AGM was recorded for 86.07% of patients at 6 months and 87.31% at 12 months. There were no instances of severe complications reported, and minor complications were observed in 3% (4 out of 134) of the treated eyes. Conclusions: IRIDEX Cyclo-G6 laser is a surgical method effective in reducing IOP in patients with refractory glaucoma

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment on corneal innervation and ocular surface integrity, and to assess the influence of intraoperative tamponade type (silicone oil vs. gas) on corneal sensitivity, tear film stability, epithelial damage, and subbasal nerve morphology. Methods: In this prospective multicenter study, 50 eyes of 50 patients undergoing primary PPV with 360-degree endolaser photocoagulation were enrolled. The patients were stratified based on tamponade type: silicone oil (n = 30) or C ₃ F ₈ gas (n = 20). Assessments performed at baseline and 1 month postoperatively included Cochet–Bonnet corneal sensitivity, tear break-up time, fluorescein staining, and in vivo confocal microscopy for subbasal nerve analysis (corneal nerve fibers density, corneal nerve fibers length, corneal nerve branch density). Corneal epithelial complications (persistent epithelial defects and neurotrophic ulcers) were also recorded. Results: Postoperatively, significant reductions were observed in corneal sensitivity (from 4.2 ± 1.1 cm to 2.5 ± 1.3 cm, P = 0.0006), tear break-up time (from 7.4 ± 2.1 to 3.6 ± 2.5 seconds, P = 0.0003), and subbasal nerve parameters (corneal nerve fibers density, corneal nerve fibers length, corneal nerve branch density, all P < 0.001). Corneal complications were reported in 8 patients (16%), 6 of whom were in the silicone oil group. Silicone oil was associated with significantly worse outcomes in all parameters compared with gas tamponade ( P < 0.001). Conclusions: PPV for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment significantly impairs corneal innervation and ocular surface integrity, with silicone oil tamponade associated with more severe reductions in corneal sensitivity, tear film stability, and subbasal nerve morphology. These findings highlight the importance of tamponade choice and warrant strategies to minimize postoperative ocular surface damage.