The range-gated imaging systems are reliable underwater imaging system with the capability to minimize backscattering effect from turbid media. The tail-gating technique has been developed to fine tune the signal to backscattering ratio and hence improve the gated image quality. However, the tail-gating technique has limited image quality enhancement in high turbidity levels. In this paper, we developed a numerical model of range-gated underwater imaging system for near target in turbid medium. The simulation results matched the experimental work favorably. Further investigation using this numerical model shows that the multiple scattering components of the backscattering noise dominate for propagation length larger than 4.2 Attenuation Length (AL). This has limited the enhancement of tail-gating technique in high turbidity conditions.

In this paper, we have developed a simple method for adaptive out-filtering of the motion artifact from the electrocardiogram (ECG) obtained by using conductive textile electrodes. The textile electrodes were placed on the left and the right wrist to measure ECG through lead-1 configuration. The motion artifact was induced by simple hand movements. The reference signal for adaptive filtering was obtained by placing additional electrodes at one hand to capture the motion of the hand. The adaptive filtering was compared to independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for the adaptive filtering approach was higher than independent component analysis in most cases.