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Pneumatic separation is one of the available methods for cleaning seed mixtures. Variously shaped seeds, including spherical (vetch), elongated (wheat), and pyramid-shaped seeds (buckwheat), were analyzed in this study. A seed mixture containing 80% of main crop seeds and 20% of other crop seeds imitating impurities was separated in a pneumatic separator with the shape of an inverted cone in a stream of air. The regression equations describing the separation efficiency of the main crop seeds and other crop seeds imitating impurities (η) and the separation efficiency index (ε) were characterized by high and very high fit to empirical data. The coefficient of determination for the analyzed seed mixtures ranged from 0.71 to 0.99. The conical separator supported effective separation of seed mixture components in a stream of air.
Dariusz Jan Choszcz; Patrycjusz Sebastian Reszczyński; Ewelina Kolankowska; Stanisław Konopka; Adam Lipiński. The Effect of Selected Factors on Separation Efficiency in a Pneumatic Conical Separator. Sustainability 2020, 12, 3051 .
AMA StyleDariusz Jan Choszcz, Patrycjusz Sebastian Reszczyński, Ewelina Kolankowska, Stanisław Konopka, Adam Lipiński. The Effect of Selected Factors on Separation Efficiency in a Pneumatic Conical Separator. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (7):3051.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDariusz Jan Choszcz; Patrycjusz Sebastian Reszczyński; Ewelina Kolankowska; Stanisław Konopka; Adam Lipiński. 2020. "The Effect of Selected Factors on Separation Efficiency in a Pneumatic Conical Separator." Sustainability 12, no. 7: 3051.
A spelt dehuller with an innovative structural design is described in the study. In the developed solution, spelt kernels are separated by the mechanical impact of friction in a wire mesh cylinder with 4 × 4 mm openings. The dehuller is powered by a motor with a rotating impeller with an adjustable blade angle. In the experimental part of the study, spelt kernels are dehulled at five rotational speeds of the shaft: 160 to 400 rpm at intervals of 60 rpm, and five rotor blade angles: 50° to 90° at intervals of 10°. The efficiency of spelt dehulling (removal of glumes and glumelles) is evaluated based on kernel separation efficiency, husk separation efficiency, and the proportion of damaged kernels.
Andrzej Anders; Ewelina Kolankowska; Dariusz Jan Choszcz; Stanisław Konopka; Zdzisław Kaliniewicz. The Effect of Selected Parameters on Spelt Dehulling in a Wire Mesh Cylinder. Sustainability 2019, 12, 43 .
AMA StyleAndrzej Anders, Ewelina Kolankowska, Dariusz Jan Choszcz, Stanisław Konopka, Zdzisław Kaliniewicz. The Effect of Selected Parameters on Spelt Dehulling in a Wire Mesh Cylinder. Sustainability. 2019; 12 (1):43.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrzej Anders; Ewelina Kolankowska; Dariusz Jan Choszcz; Stanisław Konopka; Zdzisław Kaliniewicz. 2019. "The Effect of Selected Parameters on Spelt Dehulling in a Wire Mesh Cylinder." Sustainability 12, no. 1: 43.
The separation parameters and indicators of separation efficiency of a mixture of two types of seeds in a grader equipped with five interchangeable cylinders with indented pockets of various depths were optimized. The analyzed mixture was composed of buckwheat seeds and wild radish siliques, which are difficult to separate. A self-made computer program based on genetic algorithms was developed for the needs of the study. The value of the optimized indicator of separation efficiency (ε = 0.993), which is a product of partial indicators (buckwheat seed yield ε1 and separation efficiency of wild radish siliques ε2), was highest at the following operating parameters: Depth of indented pocket s = 2.9 mm, kinematic index k = 0.25, static load rating of a cylinder q = 0.1, and inclination angle of the working edge of the trough α = 12.0°.
Stanisław Konopka; Piotr Markowski; Zdzisław Kaliniewicz; Dariusz Jan Choszcz; Adam Józef Lipiński; Elżbieta Kusińska. Optimization of the Separation Efficiency of Buckwheat Seeds and Wild Radish Siliques in a Grader with Indented Pockets. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3870 .
AMA StyleStanisław Konopka, Piotr Markowski, Zdzisław Kaliniewicz, Dariusz Jan Choszcz, Adam Józef Lipiński, Elżbieta Kusińska. Optimization of the Separation Efficiency of Buckwheat Seeds and Wild Radish Siliques in a Grader with Indented Pockets. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (11):3870.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStanisław Konopka; Piotr Markowski; Zdzisław Kaliniewicz; Dariusz Jan Choszcz; Adam Józef Lipiński; Elżbieta Kusińska. 2018. "Optimization of the Separation Efficiency of Buckwheat Seeds and Wild Radish Siliques in a Grader with Indented Pockets." Sustainability 10, no. 11: 3870.
One of the most popular methods of determining the coefficient of kinetic friction between a pair of solid objects involves an inclined plane. However, manual measurements of the time taken by a particle to travel a certain distance (usually performed with a stopwatch) and the angle of an inclined plane (on a scale) are not always highly accurate or precise. The coefficient of kinetic friction has to be determined on the assumption that a particle moves in uniformly accelerated motion. The aim of this study was to analyse particles moving in uniformly accelerated motion on an inclined plane and to modify the method of measuring movement parameters. A mechatronic measuring device and a high-speed camera were used to monitor the movement of wheat kernels on a steel friction plate. The experimental variables were the distance between photosensors (length of the measured section) and the kernel’s position relative to the direction of movement. An analysis of the mean values of time taken by particles to travel different distances revealed that the particles were not moving in uniformly accelerated motion. The results indicate that the coefficient of kinetic friction of irregularly shaped particles cannot be determined reliably on an inclined plane. Several recommendations for modifying the test stand were proposed.
Stanisław Konopka; Ewelina Kolankowska. METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DETERMINING THE COEFFICIENT OF KINETIC FRICTION OF WHEAT KERNELS ON AN INCLINED PLANE. Tribologia 2018, 278, 45 -50.
AMA StyleStanisław Konopka, Ewelina Kolankowska. METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DETERMINING THE COEFFICIENT OF KINETIC FRICTION OF WHEAT KERNELS ON AN INCLINED PLANE. Tribologia. 2018; 278 (2):45-50.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStanisław Konopka; Ewelina Kolankowska. 2018. "METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF DETERMINING THE COEFFICIENT OF KINETIC FRICTION OF WHEAT KERNELS ON AN INCLINED PLANE." Tribologia 278, no. 2: 45-50.
Robert Podstawski; Stanislaw Konopka; Dariusz Choszcz; Rafael Merino-Marban; Oscar Romero-Ramos; Milos Markovic; Stanimir Stojiljkovic. Evaluation of the reliability of the 8-Second Skipping with Hand Clapping test in 5- and 6-year-old kindergarteners with the use of the test-retest method: methodological aspects and practical implications. Human Movement 2018, 19, 55 -63.
AMA StyleRobert Podstawski, Stanislaw Konopka, Dariusz Choszcz, Rafael Merino-Marban, Oscar Romero-Ramos, Milos Markovic, Stanimir Stojiljkovic. Evaluation of the reliability of the 8-Second Skipping with Hand Clapping test in 5- and 6-year-old kindergarteners with the use of the test-retest method: methodological aspects and practical implications. Human Movement. 2018; 19 (3):55-63.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRobert Podstawski; Stanislaw Konopka; Dariusz Choszcz; Rafael Merino-Marban; Oscar Romero-Ramos; Milos Markovic; Stanimir Stojiljkovic. 2018. "Evaluation of the reliability of the 8-Second Skipping with Hand Clapping test in 5- and 6-year-old kindergarteners with the use of the test-retest method: methodological aspects and practical implications." Human Movement 19, no. 3: 55-63.
The separation parameters and the indicators of separation efficiency for buckwheat seeds and impurities that are difficult to separate were optimized with the use of self-designed software based on genetic algorithms. The results of the calculations differed significantly from the suboptimal values determined in previous studies. The optimal values of the indicator of separation efficiency were higher; whereas the values of the indicator of buckwheat seed loss were significantly lower. The optimal working parameters for a seed separator in order to promote separation efficiency were determined.
Stanisław Konopka; Dariusz Jan Choszcz; Piotr Markowski. Optimization of the Separation Parameters and Indicators of Separation Efficiency of Buckwheat Seeds. Sustainability 2017, 9, 2134 .
AMA StyleStanisław Konopka, Dariusz Jan Choszcz, Piotr Markowski. Optimization of the Separation Parameters and Indicators of Separation Efficiency of Buckwheat Seeds. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (11):2134.
Chicago/Turabian StyleStanisław Konopka; Dariusz Jan Choszcz; Piotr Markowski. 2017. "Optimization of the Separation Parameters and Indicators of Separation Efficiency of Buckwheat Seeds." Sustainability 9, no. 11: 2134.
The aim of the study was to evaluate anthropometric characteristics as determinants of 500 m rowing ergometer performance in physically inactive collegiate females. In this cross-sectional study, which included 196 collegiate females aged 19-23 years not participating in regular physical activities, body mass (BM), body height (BH), length of upper limbs (LA), length of lower limbs (LL), body mass index (BMI), slenderness index (SI), and the Choszcz-Podstawski index (CPI) were measured and a stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed. Participants performed 500 m maximal effort on a Concept II rowing ergometer. BM, BH, LA, LL, and the BMI, SI and CPI indices were found to be statistically significant determinants of 500 m performance. The best results (T) were achieved by females whose BH ranged from 170 to 180 cm, with LA and LL ranging from 75 to 80 cm and 85 to 90 cm, respectively. The best fitting statistical model was identified as: T = 11.6793 LR – 0.1130 LR2 – 0.0589 LN2 + 29.2157 CPI2 + 0.1370 LR·LN - 2.6926 LR·CPI – 211.7796. This study supports a need for additional studies focusing on understanding the importance of anthropometric differences in rowing ergometer performance, which could lead to establishing a better quality reference for evaluation of cardiorespiratory fitness tested using a rowing ergometer in collegiate females.
R Podstawski; Dj Choszcz; S Konopka; J Klimczak; Michal Starczewski. ANTHROPOMETRIC DETERMINANTS OF ROWING ERGOMETER PERFORMANCE IN PHYSICALLY INACTIVE COLLEGIATE FEMALES. Biology of Sport 2014, 31, 315 -321.
AMA StyleR Podstawski, Dj Choszcz, S Konopka, J Klimczak, Michal Starczewski. ANTHROPOMETRIC DETERMINANTS OF ROWING ERGOMETER PERFORMANCE IN PHYSICALLY INACTIVE COLLEGIATE FEMALES. Biology of Sport. 2014; 31 (4):315-321.
Chicago/Turabian StyleR Podstawski; Dj Choszcz; S Konopka; J Klimczak; Michal Starczewski. 2014. "ANTHROPOMETRIC DETERMINANTS OF ROWING ERGOMETER PERFORMANCE IN PHYSICALLY INACTIVE COLLEGIATE FEMALES." Biology of Sport 31, no. 4: 315-321.
The seeds of grass pea were selected based on their size, hardness, and microstructure in order to examine their mechanical properties and friction coefficients versus mass. The size, shape, mass, and static friction coefficients of seeds were determined using adequate methods. Seed hardness was measured using compression methods, and it was described by typical and corrected fracture parameters. The microstructure of cotyledons and seed surfaces was viewed using scanning electron microscopy, and surface microimages were processed by digital image analysis. The length of the examined seeds ranged from 5.86 mm to 14.25 mm, their width ranged from 5.47 mm to 12.93 mm, thickness from 4.59 mm to 6.21 mm, mass from 0.110 g to 0.570 g, projected area from 28.55 mm2 to 148.73 mm2, and roundness from 1.060 to 1.126. The static friction coefficients for seeds of the examined accessions and varieties determined on steel, wood, rubber, and PVC surfaces were 23.4–33.3°, 24.4–37.2°, 29.6–50.4°, and 22.4–35.4°, respectively. For grass pea seeds of irregular size and shape, corrected fracture energy values (with regard to seed mass and volume) were proposed as a more robust parameter of seed hardness. The values of the static friction coefficient depend on both seed mass and the microstructural properties of seed surface digitalized with the involvement of image analysis techniques.
Jadwiga Sadowska; Tomasz Jeliński; Wioletta Blaszczak; Stanisław Konopka; Józef Fornal; Wojciech Rybiński. The Effect of Seed Size and Microstructure on Their Mechanical Properties and Frictional Behavior. International Journal of Food Properties 2013, 16, 814 -825.
AMA StyleJadwiga Sadowska, Tomasz Jeliński, Wioletta Blaszczak, Stanisław Konopka, Józef Fornal, Wojciech Rybiński. The Effect of Seed Size and Microstructure on Their Mechanical Properties and Frictional Behavior. International Journal of Food Properties. 2013; 16 (4):814-825.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJadwiga Sadowska; Tomasz Jeliński; Wioletta Blaszczak; Stanisław Konopka; Józef Fornal; Wojciech Rybiński. 2013. "The Effect of Seed Size and Microstructure on Their Mechanical Properties and Frictional Behavior." International Journal of Food Properties 16, no. 4: 814-825.
Robert Podstawski; Dariusz Choszcz; Stanisław Konopka. The Impact of Training on the 500 M Rowing Ergometer Time and an Assessment of the Applied Test's Relevancy. Human Movement 2011, 12, 264 -272.
AMA StyleRobert Podstawski, Dariusz Choszcz, Stanisław Konopka. The Impact of Training on the 500 M Rowing Ergometer Time and an Assessment of the Applied Test's Relevancy. Human Movement. 2011; 12 (3):264-272.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRobert Podstawski; Dariusz Choszcz; Stanisław Konopka. 2011. "The Impact of Training on the 500 M Rowing Ergometer Time and an Assessment of the Applied Test's Relevancy." Human Movement 12, no. 3: 264-272.