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Natural infrastructure such as parks, forests, street trees, green roofs, and coastal vegetation is central to sustainable urban management. Despite recent progress, it remains challenging for urban decision-makers to incorporate the benefits of natural infrastructure into urban design and planning. Here, we present an approach to support the greening of cities by quantifying and mapping the diverse benefits of natural infrastructure for now and in the future. The approach relies on open-source tools, within the InVEST (Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs) software, that compute biophysical and socio-economic metrics relevant to a variety of decisions in data-rich or data-scarce contexts. Through three case studies in China, France, and the United States, we show how spatially explicit information about the benefits of nature enhances urban management by improving economic valuation, prioritizing land use change, and promoting inclusive planning and stakeholder dialogue. We discuss limitations of the tools, including modeling uncertainties and a limited suite of output metrics, and propose research directions to mainstream natural infrastructure information in integrated urban management.
P. Hamel; A. D. Guerry; S. Polasky; B. Han; J. A. Douglass; M. Hamann; B. Janke; J. J. Kuiper; H. Levrel; H. Liu; E. Lonsdorf; R. I. McDonald; C. Nootenboom; Z. Ouyang; R. P. Remme; R. P. Sharp; L. Tardieu; V. Viguié; D. Xu; H. Zheng; G. C. Daily. Mapping the benefits of nature in cities with the InVEST software. npj Urban Sustainability 2021, 1, 1 -9.
AMA StyleP. Hamel, A. D. Guerry, S. Polasky, B. Han, J. A. Douglass, M. Hamann, B. Janke, J. J. Kuiper, H. Levrel, H. Liu, E. Lonsdorf, R. I. McDonald, C. Nootenboom, Z. Ouyang, R. P. Remme, R. P. Sharp, L. Tardieu, V. Viguié, D. Xu, H. Zheng, G. C. Daily. Mapping the benefits of nature in cities with the InVEST software. npj Urban Sustainability. 2021; 1 (1):1-9.
Chicago/Turabian StyleP. Hamel; A. D. Guerry; S. Polasky; B. Han; J. A. Douglass; M. Hamann; B. Janke; J. J. Kuiper; H. Levrel; H. Liu; E. Lonsdorf; R. I. McDonald; C. Nootenboom; Z. Ouyang; R. P. Remme; R. P. Sharp; L. Tardieu; V. Viguié; D. Xu; H. Zheng; G. C. Daily. 2021. "Mapping the benefits of nature in cities with the InVEST software." npj Urban Sustainability 1, no. 1: 1-9.
By 2030, an additional 1.2 billion people are forecast in urban areas globally. We review the scientific literature (n = 922 studies) to assess direct and indirect impacts of urban growth on habitat and biodiversity. Direct impacts are cumulatively substantial, with 290,000 km2 of natural habitat forecast to be converted to urban land uses between 2000 and 2030. Studies of direct impact are disproportionately from high-income countries. Indirect urban impacts on biodiversity, such as food consumption, affect a greater area than direct impacts, but comparatively few studies (34%) have quantified urban indirect impacts on biodiversity.
Robert I. McDonald; Andressa V. Mansur; Fernando Ascensão; M’Lisa Colbert; Katie Crossman; Thomas Elmqvist; Andrew Gonzalez; Burak Güneralp; Dagmar Haase; Maike Hamann; Oliver Hillel; Kangning Huang; Belinda Kahnt; David Maddox; Andrea Pacheco; Henrique M. Pereira; Karen C. Seto; Rohan Simkin; Brenna Walsh; Alexandra S. Werner; Carly Ziter. Research gaps in knowledge of the impact of urban growth on biodiversity. Nature Sustainability 2019, 3, 16 -24.
AMA StyleRobert I. McDonald, Andressa V. Mansur, Fernando Ascensão, M’Lisa Colbert, Katie Crossman, Thomas Elmqvist, Andrew Gonzalez, Burak Güneralp, Dagmar Haase, Maike Hamann, Oliver Hillel, Kangning Huang, Belinda Kahnt, David Maddox, Andrea Pacheco, Henrique M. Pereira, Karen C. Seto, Rohan Simkin, Brenna Walsh, Alexandra S. Werner, Carly Ziter. Research gaps in knowledge of the impact of urban growth on biodiversity. Nature Sustainability. 2019; 3 (1):16-24.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRobert I. McDonald; Andressa V. Mansur; Fernando Ascensão; M’Lisa Colbert; Katie Crossman; Thomas Elmqvist; Andrew Gonzalez; Burak Güneralp; Dagmar Haase; Maike Hamann; Oliver Hillel; Kangning Huang; Belinda Kahnt; David Maddox; Andrea Pacheco; Henrique M. Pereira; Karen C. Seto; Rohan Simkin; Brenna Walsh; Alexandra S. Werner; Carly Ziter. 2019. "Research gaps in knowledge of the impact of urban growth on biodiversity." Nature Sustainability 3, no. 1: 16-24.
The magnitude and pace of global change demand rapid assessment of nature and its contributions to people. We present a fine-scale global modeling of current status and future scenarios for several contributions: water quality regulation, coastal risk reduction, and crop pollination. We find that where people’s needs for nature are now greatest, nature’s ability to meet those needs is declining. Up to 5 billion people face higher water pollution and insufficient pollination for nutrition under future scenarios of land use and climate change, particularly in Africa and South Asia. Hundreds of millions of people face heightened coastal risk across Africa, Eurasia, and the Americas. Continued loss of nature poses severe threats, yet these can be reduced 3- to 10-fold under a sustainable development scenario.
Rebecca Chaplin-Kramer; Richard P. Sharp; Charlotte Weil; Elena M. Bennett; Unai Pascual; Katie K. Arkema; Kate A. Brauman; Benjamin P. Bryant; Anne D. Guerry; Nick M. Haddad; Maike Hamann; Perrine Hamel; Justin A. Johnson; Lisa Mandle; Henrique M. Pereira; Stephen Polasky; Mary Ruckelshaus; M. Rebecca Shaw; Jessica M. Silver; Adrian L. Vogl; Gretchen C. Daily. Global modeling of nature’s contributions to people. Science 2019, 366, 255 -258.
AMA StyleRebecca Chaplin-Kramer, Richard P. Sharp, Charlotte Weil, Elena M. Bennett, Unai Pascual, Katie K. Arkema, Kate A. Brauman, Benjamin P. Bryant, Anne D. Guerry, Nick M. Haddad, Maike Hamann, Perrine Hamel, Justin A. Johnson, Lisa Mandle, Henrique M. Pereira, Stephen Polasky, Mary Ruckelshaus, M. Rebecca Shaw, Jessica M. Silver, Adrian L. Vogl, Gretchen C. Daily. Global modeling of nature’s contributions to people. Science. 2019; 366 (6462):255-258.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRebecca Chaplin-Kramer; Richard P. Sharp; Charlotte Weil; Elena M. Bennett; Unai Pascual; Katie K. Arkema; Kate A. Brauman; Benjamin P. Bryant; Anne D. Guerry; Nick M. Haddad; Maike Hamann; Perrine Hamel; Justin A. Johnson; Lisa Mandle; Henrique M. Pereira; Stephen Polasky; Mary Ruckelshaus; M. Rebecca Shaw; Jessica M. Silver; Adrian L. Vogl; Gretchen C. Daily. 2019. "Global modeling of nature’s contributions to people." Science 366, no. 6462: 255-258.
The United Nations’ Agenda 2030 marks significant progress towards sustainable development by making explicit the intention to integrate previously separate social, economic and environmental agendas. Despite this intention, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) which were adopted to implement the agenda, are fragmented in their formulation and largely sectoral. We contend that while the design of the SDG monitoring is based on a systems approach, it still misses most of the dynamics and complexity relevant to sustainability outcomes. We propose that insights from the study of social-ecological systems offer a more integrated approach to the implementation of Agenda 2030, particularly the monitoring of progress towards sustainable development outcomes. Using five key features highlighted by the study of social-ecological systems (SESs) relevant to sustainable development: (1) social-ecological feedbacks, (2) resilience, (3) heterogeneity, (4) nonlinearity, and (5) cross-scale dynamics. We analyze the current set of SDG indicators based on these features to explore current progress in making them operational. Our analysis finds that 59% of the indicators account for heterogeneity, 33% for cross-scale dynamics, 23% for nonlinearities, and 18% and 17%, respectively, for social-ecological feedbacks and resilience. Our findings suggest limited use of complex SES science in the current design of SDG monitoring, but combining our findings with recent studies of methods to operationalize SES features suggests future directions for sustainable development monitoring for the current as well as post 2030 set of indicators.
Odirilwe Selomane; Belinda Reyers; Reinette Biggs; Maike Hamann. Harnessing Insights from Social-Ecological Systems Research for Monitoring Sustainable Development. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1190 .
AMA StyleOdirilwe Selomane, Belinda Reyers, Reinette Biggs, Maike Hamann. Harnessing Insights from Social-Ecological Systems Research for Monitoring Sustainable Development. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (4):1190.
Chicago/Turabian StyleOdirilwe Selomane; Belinda Reyers; Reinette Biggs; Maike Hamann. 2019. "Harnessing Insights from Social-Ecological Systems Research for Monitoring Sustainable Development." Sustainability 11, no. 4: 1190.
Rising inequalities and accelerating global environmental change pose two of the most pressing challenges of the twenty-first century. To explore how these phenomena are linked, we apply a social-ecological systems perspective and review the literature to identify six different types of interactions (or “pathways”) between inequality and the biosphere. We find that most of the research so far has only considered one-directional effects of inequality on the biosphere, or vice versa. However, given the potential for complex dynamics between socioeconomic and environmental factors within social-ecological systems, we highlight examples from the literature that illustrate the importance of cross-scale interactions and feedback loops between inequality and the biosphere. This review draws on diverse disciplines to advance a systemic understanding of the linkages between inequality and the biosphere, specifically recognizing cross-scale feedbacks and the multidimensional nature of inequality.
Maike Hamann; Kevin Berry; Tomas Chaigneau; Tracie Curry; Robert Heilmayr; Patrik Jg Henriksson; Jonas Hentati-Sundberg; Amir Jina; Emilie Lindkvist; Yolanda Lopez; Emmi Nieminen; Matías Piaggio; Jiangxiao Qiu; Juan C. Rocha; Caroline Schill; Alon Shepon; Andrew Tilman; Inge Van Den Bijgaart; Tong Wu; [Email Protected]. Inequality and the Biosphere. Annual Review of Environment and Resources 2018, 43, 61 -83.
AMA StyleMaike Hamann, Kevin Berry, Tomas Chaigneau, Tracie Curry, Robert Heilmayr, Patrik Jg Henriksson, Jonas Hentati-Sundberg, Amir Jina, Emilie Lindkvist, Yolanda Lopez, Emmi Nieminen, Matías Piaggio, Jiangxiao Qiu, Juan C. Rocha, Caroline Schill, Alon Shepon, Andrew Tilman, Inge Van Den Bijgaart, Tong Wu, [Email Protected]. Inequality and the Biosphere. Annual Review of Environment and Resources. 2018; 43 (1):61-83.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaike Hamann; Kevin Berry; Tomas Chaigneau; Tracie Curry; Robert Heilmayr; Patrik Jg Henriksson; Jonas Hentati-Sundberg; Amir Jina; Emilie Lindkvist; Yolanda Lopez; Emmi Nieminen; Matías Piaggio; Jiangxiao Qiu; Juan C. Rocha; Caroline Schill; Alon Shepon; Andrew Tilman; Inge Van Den Bijgaart; Tong Wu; [Email Protected]. 2018. "Inequality and the Biosphere." Annual Review of Environment and Resources 43, no. 1: 61-83.
Pereira, L. M., T. Hichert, M. Hamann, R. Preiser, and R. Biggs. 2018. Using futures methods to create transformative spaces: visions of a good Anthropocene in southern Africa. Ecology and Society 23(1):19. https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-09907-230119
Laura M. Pereira; Tanja Hichert; Maike Hamann; Rika Preiser; Reinette Biggs. Using futures methods to create transformative spaces: visions of a good Anthropocene in southern Africa. Ecology and Society 2018, 23, 1 .
AMA StyleLaura M. Pereira, Tanja Hichert, Maike Hamann, Rika Preiser, Reinette Biggs. Using futures methods to create transformative spaces: visions of a good Anthropocene in southern Africa. Ecology and Society. 2018; 23 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleLaura M. Pereira; Tanja Hichert; Maike Hamann; Rika Preiser; Reinette Biggs. 2018. "Using futures methods to create transformative spaces: visions of a good Anthropocene in southern Africa." Ecology and Society 23, no. 1: 1.
The establishment of interdisciplinary Master’s and PhD programs in sustainability science is opening up an exciting arena filled with opportunities for early-career scholars to address pressing sustainability challenges. However, embarking upon an interdisciplinary endeavor as an early-career scholar poses a unique set of challenges: to develop an individual scientific identity and a strong and specific methodological skill-set, while at the same time gaining the ability to understand and communicate between different epistemologies. Here, we explore the challenges and opportunities that emerge from a new kind of interdisciplinary journey, which we describe as ‘undisciplinary.’ Undisciplinary describes (1) the space or condition of early-career researchers with early interdisciplinary backgrounds, (2) the process of the journey, and (3) the orientation which aids scholars to address the complex nature of today’s sustainability challenges. The undisciplinary journey is an iterative and reflexive process of balancing methodological groundedness and epistemological agility to engage in rigorous sustainability science. The paper draws upon insights from a collective journey of broad discussion, reflection, and learning, including a survey on educational backgrounds of different generations of sustainability scholars, participatory forum theater, and a panel discussion at the Resilience 2014 conference (Montpellier, France). Based on the results from this diversity of methods, we suggest that there is now a new and distinct generation of sustainability scholars that start their careers with interdisciplinary training, as opposed to only engaging in interdisciplinary research once strong disciplinary foundations have been built. We further identify methodological groundedness and epistemological agility as guiding competencies to become capable sustainability scientists and discuss the implications of an undisciplinary journey in the current institutional context of universities and research centers. In this paper, we propose a simple framework to help early-career sustainability scholars and well-established scientists successfully navigate what can sometimes be an uncomfortable space in education and research, with the ultimate aim of producing and engaging in rigorous and impactful sustainability science.
L. Jamila Haider; Jonas Hentati-Sundberg; Matteo Giusti; Julie Goodness; Maike Hamann; Vanessa Masterson; Megan Meacham; Andrew Merrie; Daniel Ospina; Caroline Schill; Hanna Sinare. The undisciplinary journey: early-career perspectives in sustainability science. Sustainability Science 2017, 13, 191 -204.
AMA StyleL. Jamila Haider, Jonas Hentati-Sundberg, Matteo Giusti, Julie Goodness, Maike Hamann, Vanessa Masterson, Megan Meacham, Andrew Merrie, Daniel Ospina, Caroline Schill, Hanna Sinare. The undisciplinary journey: early-career perspectives in sustainability science. Sustainability Science. 2017; 13 (1):191-204.
Chicago/Turabian StyleL. Jamila Haider; Jonas Hentati-Sundberg; Matteo Giusti; Julie Goodness; Maike Hamann; Vanessa Masterson; Megan Meacham; Andrew Merrie; Daniel Ospina; Caroline Schill; Hanna Sinare. 2017. "The undisciplinary journey: early-career perspectives in sustainability science." Sustainability Science 13, no. 1: 191-204.
Patricia Balvanera; Tim M. Daw; Toby A. Gardner; Berta Martín-López; Albert V. Norström; Chinwe Ifejika Speranza; Marja Spierenburg; Elena M. Bennett; Michelle Farfan; Maike Hamann; John N. Kittinger; Tobias Luthe; Manuel Maass; Garry D. Peterson; Gustavo Perez-Verdin. Key features for more successful place-based sustainability research on social-ecological systems: a Programme on Ecosystem Change and Society (PECS) perspective. Ecology and Society 2017, 22, 1 .
AMA StylePatricia Balvanera, Tim M. Daw, Toby A. Gardner, Berta Martín-López, Albert V. Norström, Chinwe Ifejika Speranza, Marja Spierenburg, Elena M. Bennett, Michelle Farfan, Maike Hamann, John N. Kittinger, Tobias Luthe, Manuel Maass, Garry D. Peterson, Gustavo Perez-Verdin. Key features for more successful place-based sustainability research on social-ecological systems: a Programme on Ecosystem Change and Society (PECS) perspective. Ecology and Society. 2017; 22 (1):1.
Chicago/Turabian StylePatricia Balvanera; Tim M. Daw; Toby A. Gardner; Berta Martín-López; Albert V. Norström; Chinwe Ifejika Speranza; Marja Spierenburg; Elena M. Bennett; Michelle Farfan; Maike Hamann; John N. Kittinger; Tobias Luthe; Manuel Maass; Garry D. Peterson; Gustavo Perez-Verdin. 2017. "Key features for more successful place-based sustainability research on social-ecological systems: a Programme on Ecosystem Change and Society (PECS) perspective." Ecology and Society 22, no. 1: 1.
We take a social-ecological systems perspective to investigate the linkages between ecosystem services and human well-being in South Africa. A recent paper identified different types of social-ecological systems in the country, based on distinct bundles of ecosystem service use. These system types were found to represent increasingly weak direct feedbacks between nature and people, from rural “green-loop” communities to urban “red-loop” societies. Here we construct human well-being bundles and explore whether the well-being bundles can be used to identify the same social-ecological system types that were identified using bundles of ecosystem service use. Based on national census data, we found three distinct well-being bundle types that are mainly characterized by differences in income, unemployment and property ownership. The distribution of these well-being bundles approximates the distribution of ecosystem service use bundles to a substantial degree: High levels of income and education generally coincided with areas characterised by low levels of direct ecosystem service use (or red-loop systems), while the majority of low well-being areas coincided with medium and high levels of direct ecosystem service use (or transition and green-loop systems). However, our results indicate that transformations from green-loop to red-loop systems do not always entail an immediate improvement in well-being, which we suggest may be due to a time lag between changes in the different system components. Using human well-being bundles as an indicator of social-ecological dynamics may be useful in other contexts since it is based on socio-economic data commonly collected by governments, and provides important insights into the connections between ecosystem services and human well-being at policy-relevant sub-national scales.
Maike Hamann; Reinette Biggs; Belinda Reyers. An Exploration of Human Well-Being Bundles as Identifiers of Ecosystem Service Use Patterns. PLOS ONE 2016, 11, e0163476 .
AMA StyleMaike Hamann, Reinette Biggs, Belinda Reyers. An Exploration of Human Well-Being Bundles as Identifiers of Ecosystem Service Use Patterns. PLOS ONE. 2016; 11 (10):e0163476.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaike Hamann; Reinette Biggs; Belinda Reyers. 2016. "An Exploration of Human Well-Being Bundles as Identifiers of Ecosystem Service Use Patterns." PLOS ONE 11, no. 10: e0163476.
We present an approach to identify and map social-ecological systems based on the direct use of ecosystem services by households. This approach builds on the premise that characteristic bundles of ecosystem service use represent integrated expressions of different underlying social-ecological systems. We test the approach in South Africa using national census data on the direct use of six provisioning services (freshwater from a natural source, firewood for cooking, firewood for heating, natural building materials, animal production, and crop production) at two different scales. Based on a cluster analysis, we identify three distinct ecosystem service bundles that represent social-ecological systems characterized by low, medium and high levels of direct ecosystem service use among households. We argue that these correspond to 'green-loop', 'transition' and 'red-loop' systems as defined by Cumming et al. (2014). When mapped, these systems form coherent spatial units that differ from systems identified by additive combinations of separate social and biophysical datasets, the most common method of mapping social-ecological systems to date. The distribution of the systems we identified is mainly determined by social factors, such as household income, gender of the household head, and land tenure, and only partly determined by the supply of natural resources. An understanding of the location and characteristic resource use dynamics of different social-ecological systems allows for policies to be better targeted at the particular sustainability challenges faced in different areas
Maike Hamann; Reinette Biggs; Belinda Reyers. Mapping social–ecological systems: Identifying ‘green-loop’ and ‘red-loop’ dynamics based on characteristic bundles of ecosystem service use. Global Environmental Change 2015, 34, 218 -226.
AMA StyleMaike Hamann, Reinette Biggs, Belinda Reyers. Mapping social–ecological systems: Identifying ‘green-loop’ and ‘red-loop’ dynamics based on characteristic bundles of ecosystem service use. Global Environmental Change. 2015; 34 ():218-226.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaike Hamann; Reinette Biggs; Belinda Reyers. 2015. "Mapping social–ecological systems: Identifying ‘green-loop’ and ‘red-loop’ dynamics based on characteristic bundles of ecosystem service use." Global Environmental Change 34, no. : 218-226.
Oteros-Rozas, E., B. Martín-López, T. Daw, E. L. Bohensky, J. Butler, R. Hill, J. Martin-Ortega, A. Quinlan, F. Ravera, I. Ruiz-Mallén, M. Thyresson, J. Mistry, I. Palomo, G. D. Peterson, T. Plieninger, K. A. Waylen, D. Beach, I. C. Bohnet, M. Hamann, J. Hanspach, K. Hubacek, S. Lavorel and S. Vilardy 2015. Participatory scenario planning in place-based social-ecological research: insights and experiences from 23 case studies. Ecology and Society 20(4):32.http://dx.doi.org/10.5751/ES-07985-200432
Elisa Oteros-Rozas; Berta Martin-Lopez; Tim M. Daw; Erin L. Bohensky; James R.A. Butler; Rosemary Hill; Julia Martin-Ortega; Allyson Quinlan; Federica Ravera; Isabel Ruiz-Mallén; Matilda Thyresson; Jayalaxshmi Mistry; Ignacio Palomo; Garry D. Peterson; Tobias Plieninger; Kerry A. Waylen; Dylan M. Beach; Iris C. Bohnet; Maike Hamann; Jan Hanspach; Klaus Hubacek; Sandra Lavorel; Sandra P. Vilardy. Participatory scenario planning in place-based social-ecological research: insights and experiences from 23 case studies. Ecology and Society 2015, 20, 1 .
AMA StyleElisa Oteros-Rozas, Berta Martin-Lopez, Tim M. Daw, Erin L. Bohensky, James R.A. Butler, Rosemary Hill, Julia Martin-Ortega, Allyson Quinlan, Federica Ravera, Isabel Ruiz-Mallén, Matilda Thyresson, Jayalaxshmi Mistry, Ignacio Palomo, Garry D. Peterson, Tobias Plieninger, Kerry A. Waylen, Dylan M. Beach, Iris C. Bohnet, Maike Hamann, Jan Hanspach, Klaus Hubacek, Sandra Lavorel, Sandra P. Vilardy. Participatory scenario planning in place-based social-ecological research: insights and experiences from 23 case studies. Ecology and Society. 2015; 20 (4):1.
Chicago/Turabian StyleElisa Oteros-Rozas; Berta Martin-Lopez; Tim M. Daw; Erin L. Bohensky; James R.A. Butler; Rosemary Hill; Julia Martin-Ortega; Allyson Quinlan; Federica Ravera; Isabel Ruiz-Mallén; Matilda Thyresson; Jayalaxshmi Mistry; Ignacio Palomo; Garry D. Peterson; Tobias Plieninger; Kerry A. Waylen; Dylan M. Beach; Iris C. Bohnet; Maike Hamann; Jan Hanspach; Klaus Hubacek; Sandra Lavorel; Sandra P. Vilardy. 2015. "Participatory scenario planning in place-based social-ecological research: insights and experiences from 23 case studies." Ecology and Society 20, no. 4: 1.
Once one of the most numerous seabirds of the Benguela upwelling system, the population of Cape cormorants Phalacrocorax capensis has decreased by 60% in the past three decades and the species is listed as Near Threatened. Declines in prey availability and/or abundance brought about by recent changes in the distribution of pelagic fish stocks and industrial purse-seine fishing are hypothesised to be a key driver of seabird population decreases in the southern Benguela. We investigated the foraging behaviour of breeding Cape cormorants by deploying GPS and temperature–depth recorders on 24 breeding adults from three islands off the coast of South Africa, two of them to the north of Cape Point and a third farther south on the western Agulhas Bank. This provided the first measures of foraging dispersal by a cormorant in the Benguela system, and enabled a comparison of foraging behaviour between birds from these islands. Foraging trips of Cape cormorants lasted between 17 min and >7 h, at a maximum distance of between 2 and 58 km away from their colony. Foraging effort was significantly greater for birds from farther north off the West Coast in terms of trip duration, distance travelled, number of dives and time spent flying compared to those from the southernmost island (Dyer), which is probably a response to low prey availability in the north. Coastal reserves that exclude pelagic fishing from inshore feeding grounds around Cape cormorant breeding colonies may result in increased local prey availability, which would benefit Cape cormorant populations.
Maike Hamann; D Grémillet; Peter Ryan; F Bonadonna; Cd Van Der Lingen; Lorien Pichegru. A hard-knock life: the foraging ecology of Cape cormorants amidst shifting prey resources and industrial fishing pressure. African Journal of Marine Science 2012, 34, 233 -240.
AMA StyleMaike Hamann, D Grémillet, Peter Ryan, F Bonadonna, Cd Van Der Lingen, Lorien Pichegru. A hard-knock life: the foraging ecology of Cape cormorants amidst shifting prey resources and industrial fishing pressure. African Journal of Marine Science. 2012; 34 (2):233-240.
Chicago/Turabian StyleMaike Hamann; D Grémillet; Peter Ryan; F Bonadonna; Cd Van Der Lingen; Lorien Pichegru. 2012. "A hard-knock life: the foraging ecology of Cape cormorants amidst shifting prey resources and industrial fishing pressure." African Journal of Marine Science 34, no. 2: 233-240.
Knowledge on how divers exploit the water column vertically in relation to water depth is crucial to our understanding of their ecology and to their subsequent conservation. However, information is still lacking for the smaller-bodied species, due mostly to size constraints of data-loggers. Here, we report the diving behaviour of a flying diving seabird, the Cape Cormorant Phalacrocorax capensis, weighing 1.0–1.4 kg. Results were obtained by simultaneously deploying small, high resolution and high sampling frequency GPS and time-depth loggers on birds breeding on islands off Western South Africa (34°S, 18°E) in 2008. In all, dive category was assigned to all dives performed by 29 birds. Pelagic dives occurred almost as frequently as benthic dives. Pelagic dives were shallow (mean: 5 m) and took place over seafloors 5–100 m deep. Benthic dives were deeper, occurring on seafloors mainly 10–30 m deep. Dive shape was linked to dive category in only 60% of dives, while the descent rate, ascent rate and bottom duration/dive duration ratio of a dive best explained its dive category. This shows that only the concomitant use of tracking and depth tags can adequately classify diving strategies in a diver like the Cape Cormorant. Diet was mainly Cape Anchovy Engraulis encrasicolis, suggesting that birds probably displayed two contrasted strategies for capturing the same prey. Flexible foraging techniques represent an important key to survival inside the highly productive but heterogeneous Benguela upwelling ecosystem.
Timothée R. Cook; Maike Hamann; Lorien Pichegru; Francesco Bonadonna; David Grémillet; Peter Ryan. GPS and time-depth loggers reveal underwater foraging plasticity in a flying diver, the Cape Cormorant. Marine Biology 2011, 159, 373 -387.
AMA StyleTimothée R. Cook, Maike Hamann, Lorien Pichegru, Francesco Bonadonna, David Grémillet, Peter Ryan. GPS and time-depth loggers reveal underwater foraging plasticity in a flying diver, the Cape Cormorant. Marine Biology. 2011; 159 (2):373-387.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTimothée R. Cook; Maike Hamann; Lorien Pichegru; Francesco Bonadonna; David Grémillet; Peter Ryan. 2011. "GPS and time-depth loggers reveal underwater foraging plasticity in a flying diver, the Cape Cormorant." Marine Biology 159, no. 2: 373-387.