Postmenopausal osteoporosis and poor dietary habits can lead to overweightness and obesity. Bisphosphonates are the first-line treatment for osteoporosis. However, some studies show that they may increase the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Considering the antimicrobial, angiogenic and vasodilatory potential of nitric oxide, this study aims to evaluate the local activity of this substance during the placement of surface-treated implants. Seventy-two Wistar rats were divided into three groups: SHAM (SHAM surgery), OVX + HD (ovariectomy + cafeteria diet), and OVX + HD + RIS (ovariectomy + cafeteria diet + sodium risedronate treatment), which were further subdivided according to the surface treatment of the future implant: CONV (conventional), TE10, or TE100 (TERPY at 10 or 100 μM concentration); n = 8 per subgroup. The animals underwent surgery for implant installation in the proximal tibia metaphysis and were euthanized after 28 days. Data obtained from removal torque and RT-PCR (OPG, RANKL, ALP, IBSP and VEGF expression) were subjected to statistical analysis at 5% significance level. For biomechanical analysis, TE10 produced better results in the OVX + HD group (7.4 N/cm, SD = 0.6819). Molecular analysis showed: (1) significant increase in OPG gene expression in OVX groups with TE10; (2) decreased RANKL expression in OVX + HD + RIS compared to OVX + HD; (3) significantly increased expressions of IBSP and VEGF for OVX + HD + RIS TE10. At its lowest concentration, TERPY has the potential to improve peri-implant conditions.

Dental rehabilitation with titanium implants may requires the optimization of techniques and materials when oral conditions affect the successful treatment result. Thus, this study aims to customize the surface of titanium implants with bioactive vitamin D3 molecules to increase the performance of bone repair. The surfaces were functionalized following the “dip-coating” incorporation method with vitamin D3 in a solution of 1000 I.U./goat. The work was carried out in two stages: (I) physicochemical and biological tests (in vivo) in order to characterize and validate the vitamin D3 surface as well as its ability to affect peri-implant bone biomechanics; and (II) in vitro experiments to characterize viability responses, interaction and cell mineralization capacity. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the creation of vitamin D3 films is stable and homogeneous, while the in vivo results showed an increase in the biomechanical and microarchitectural capacity of the bone when vitamin D3 implants were used. Furthermore, the application of functionalized surfaces proved effective in promoting cell interaction and bone mineralization processes while preserving cell viability and capacity. In conclusion, the delivery of bioactive molecules based on vitamin D3 promotes changes in the surface microstructure of titanium, enabling an increase in the structural characteristics of bone tissue that result in an improvement in bone repair and peri-implant biomechanics.