The spatial and temporal changes in social vulnerability to natural hazards in Mexico are analyzed. To this end, using census data from 2000, 2010, and 2020, and a statistical method, different indices were computed, and with a GIS-based approach, patterns of social vulnerability are examined. In addition, a risk assessment test for severe weather (thunderstorms, hailstorms, and tornadoes) is made out. The results show different common social vulnerability driving factors in the 3 analyzed years, with root causes that have not been addressed since the beginning of the century. Likewise, a wider gap between Mexico’s most and least vulnerable populations is identified. The changes in spatial patterns respond to different historical situations, such as migration, urbanization, and increased population. Also, poverty, ethnicity, and marginalization factors located in very particular regions in Mexico have remained relatively the same in the last 20 twenty years. These situations have strongly influenced the spatial–temporal distribution of vulnerability in the country. The role of social vulnerability in the disaster risk to extreme events such as thunderstorms, hailstorms, and tornadoes in Mexico is fundamental to understanding changes in disaster distribution at the national level, and it is the first step to generating improvements in integrated risk management.

Se presenta una caracterización de los eventos extremos de precipitación en el estado de Colima, México, para el periodo 1981-2018. Con base en el análisis de estaciones climatológicas y la aplicación de una metodología basada en picos sobre el umbral de los días húmedos, se definieron criterios para la identificación de un evento extremo que representara las variaciones locales de las lluvias intensas. Asimismo, y haciendo uso de la base de datos de mejores trayectorias de ciclones tropicales de la NOAA, se determinó la influencia de estos fenómenos en la generación de los eventos extremos. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas en cuanto a la distribución espaciotemporal de estos fenómenos en Colima. Por un lado, los eventos más severos se localizan al sur del estado mientras que su mayor frecuencia se localiza hacia el norte. Los meses de generación de los eventos asociados a ciclones tropicales tienen su máximo en septiembre, mientras que aquellos que no lo están son más frecuentes durante agosto. Existen diferencias significativas respecto a la precipitación acumulada de los eventos asociados y no a ciclones tropicales, donde los primeros pueden duplicar los acumulados de precipitación para algunas regiones del estado. La identificación de los patrones espaciotemporales de los eventos extremos de precipitación y sus variaciones interanuales, son el primer paso para la caracterización del riesgo ante dichos fenómenos en Colima y pueden ser utilizados para la generación de políticas públicas enfocadas en la reducción del riesgo de desastre ante tales amenazas hidrometeorológicas.

El artículo analiza la apropiación del territorio tabasqueño construido en las cuencas Grijalva y Usumacinta por parte de los grupos que lo habitan o explotan. Desde un enfoque de cuenca hidrosocial y por medio de la cartografía social, la investigación constituye una propuesta metodológica para el análisis de las transformaciones territoriales en amplios referentes temporales y espaciales. Los resultados muestran que, a partir de la administración del agua, las infraestructuras posibilitan y potencian selectivamente actividades extractivas y económicas, pero interrumpen ciclos y equilibrios en la naturaleza y limitan el desarrollo de otras actividades económicas y prácticas sociales.

This article analyzes the perception of spatial justice provided by public spaces for leisure in the Ciudad Bicentenario (FCB) development, where 3,735 houses were built to relocate the vulnerable population or those affected by the 2007 floods in Villahermosa, Tabasco. It explains, from a quantitative and qualitative approach with a gender perspective, how people have inhabited the public space and how this has affected their perception of spatial justice. Through participant observation, surveys, interviews, and a participatory workshop, it was found that spatial injustice in the FCB is reflected in the disuse of public spaces, the result of a process that involves two interrelated factors: 1) The non-participatory relocation of the population together with the design of the FCB; 2) the lack of access and enjoyment of public spaces is closely linked to the perception of insecurity, aggravated by factors of gender, age and the state of deterioration of these areas. The need to promote active democratic participation of the community to transform and appropriate public spaces through participatory workshops that facilitate the construction of a more just and inclusive environment is emphasized.

The spatial and temporal changes in social vulnerability to natural hazards in Mexico are analyzed. To this end, using census data from 2000, 2010, and 2020 and a statistical method, different indices were computed, and with a GIS-based approach, patterns of social vulnerability are examined. In addition, a risk assessment test for severe weather (thunderstorms, hailstorms, and tornadoes) is made out. The results show different common social vulnerability driving factors in the three analyzed years, with root causes that have not been addressed since the beginning of the century. Likewise, a wider gap between Mexico's most and least vulnerable populations is identified. The changes in spatial patterns respond to different historical situations, such as migration, urbanization, and increased population. Also, poverty, ethnicity, and marginalization factors located in very particular regions in Mexico have remained relatively the same in the last few years. These situations have strongly influenced the spatial-temporal distribution of vulnerability in the country. The role of social vulnerability in the disaster risk to extreme events such as thunderstorms, hailstorms, and tornadoes in Mexico is fundamental to understanding changes in disaster distribution at the national level, and it is the first step to generating improvements in integrated risk management.