The article investigates the problems of mine hazard prevention, identification and control. Acoustic emission signals are one of the important signs of the appearance of deformations in rocks that can cause accidents in mines. Acoustic emission signals are quite broadband in nature. The article considers the task of the possibility of using broadband nature of acoustic emission signals to localize areas in which acoustic signals are generated for early warning of an emerging danger. The results of modeling of the process of localization of hazardous areas are presented. The proposed method is based on the frequency dependence of acoustic signal attenuation in rocks. Moving away from the signal source, not only changes its intensity, but also its spectrum. By measuring the intensity of acoustic signals in several spectral bands and knowing the frequency dependence of signal attenuation, it is possible to calculate at what distance from the receiving points the signal source should be located so that its spectral components would be changed as they are observed at the receiving points. This allows to localize the signal source. It is shown that four signal reception points and intensity measurements in two spectral frequency bands are sufficient to apply the method. It is shown that the proposed method allows not only to determine the coordinates of the local area of fracture formation, but also to restore the spectral characteristics of acoustic emission signals in the area of their occurrence, which can provide information about the mechanism of formation and development of processes of rock destruction.

The search for new non-invasive methods of investigating the functioning of human internal organs is an urgent task. One of these methods for assessing the functioning of the human respiratory system is electromagnetic sensing, which is based on a significant difference in the dielectric permittivity of muscle tissue and air. During breathing, when the lungs are filled with air, the dielectric permittivity of the lungs decreases, which leads to a change in the level of the electromagnetic signal passing through the body. The results of experiments on recording changes in the level of electromagnetic radiation passing through the human body performed on an experimental device consisting of eight transmitting and receiving antennas located on opposite sides of the chest have been presented in the article. The possibility of visualizing the measured “pulmonograms” in the form of dynamic two-dimensional images showing the process of filling various parts of the lungs with air has been demonstrated.

The formation of international networks of magnetic observatories has provided new opportunities for monitoring geomagnetic disturbances and solving problems related to space weather. On the other hand, collective processing of data from numerous observatories revealed problems with the quality of data provided by some of them. Sometimes, the reason for the decrease in data quality is associated with faulty measuring instruments. However, every year, industrial interference also increases its influence on measurement quality. INTERMAGNET suggests carrying out a mutual comparison between the values of neighboring magnetic observatories as one of the methods for solving the problem of maintaining data quality. This paper proposes a method to improve the quality of magnetograms, which makes it possible to eliminate the results of interference of local origin through the use of four spatially separated magnetic observatories located in Kazakhstan. This method is suitable for automating the magnetograms’ quality control process.

In each magnetic observatory, the magnetic field is registered in local Cartesian coordinate systems associated with the geographic coordinates of the locations of these observatories. To observe extraterrestrial magnetic field sources, such as the interplanetary magnetic field or magnetic clouds, a method of joint processing of data from magnetic observatories of the international Intermagnet network was implemented. In this method, the constant component is removed from the observation results of individual observatories, their measurement data is converted into the ecliptic coordinate system, and the results obtained from all observatories are averaged after the coordinate transformation.The first data on joint processing of measurement results from the international network of Intermagnet magnetic observatories in the period before the onset of magnetic storms of various types, during these storms and after their end are presented. There is a significant improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio after combining the measurement results from all observatories, which makes it possible to isolate weaker external magnetic fields. A change in the shape of magnetic field variations is shown, which can provide new knowledge about the mechanism of development of magnetic storms.