With urbanization, there is a growing need for mobility. Challenges for urban drivers include finding available parking spaces. Searching for a parking spot can be a frustrating experience, often time consuming and costly. Also, the increasing number of vehicles on the roads leads to an additional strain on traffic flow, while the search for parking spaces lowers the level of service. In inner cities, vehicles circulate in search of an available parking space, leading to an increase in travel time, fuel consumption, pollutant emissions, and a decrease in traffic safety. The search for a free parking space generates a significant increase in traffic in urban areas. To solve the parking search problem, it is necessary to develop certain strategies and measures that minimize circling in search of a parking space. The implementation of intelligent transportation systems stands out. By applying intelligent transport systems, drivers are provided with information about free parking spaces, which reduces the circulation of vehicles in search of free parking. Although initially ITS systems mainly provided services for closed parking lots and garages, with the further development of the system, the service was extended to street parking lots or open-type parking lots. These measures not only solve traffic challenges but also promote sustainability in urban areas. This article analyzes the effect of a cooperative approach of guiding vehicles to available parking spaces compared to a standard model of searching for an available parking space. Within the framework of the advanced model for searching for available space, four parking demand scenarios were defined and simulated. Based on the created traffic simulation, a comparative analysis was made between the classic and cooperative approach, while the primary differences are manifested in the load of the traffic flow A simulation model was developed using the road network from the urban center of Zagreb.

The International Maritime Organization regulations on the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) from ships require efficient dealing with this complex techno-economic and highly political problem through joint efforts of all major stakeholders from the shipbuilding industry and ship operations. The key problems of any research in the field of renewable energy, including power generation, storage, transformation and distribution, and the issues associated with limited power generation for specific loads, are the same issues that are experienced in the implementation of electric distribution technologies onboard ships. This paper analyses the effects of efficient shipping using the solar panel system and batteries to ensure continuous power supply, regardless of the weather conditions. The logistics chain of this control architecture is modelled by Colored Petri Nets. The economic analysis examines the annual costs of fuel consumption, the initial capital cost, total net cost and CO2 emissions.