Climate change has a direct impact on flash floods, and indirectly on the environment, society, and economy, due to the rapid development and difficulty of predicting this hydrological phenomenon. The main objective of this study is to assess the potential flash flood hazard areas in the Likodra watershed (218.62 km²), one of the most vulnerable parts to flash floods in Serbia, using the flash flood potential index (FFPI) and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method. Recurring events from 1995 to this day and the devastating impact on settlements of the analyzed area show that this territory is extremely vulnerable. The data used include hydrological statistics (maximum daily rainfall) and spatial data on watershed geographical characteristics (slope, soils, land use, vegetation, drainage density) obtained or derived from various sources (maps, satellite images, digital databases) which were integrated into the GIS environment. The results indicate a severe flash flood hazard level, with high flash flood susceptibility classes occupying 76.20%, 87.78%, and 91.73% of the area, depending on the considered criteria and weights assigned to them.

The South Morava River Basin was considered one of the most erosion-prone and flash flood-affected areas in the Republic of Serbia. This paper aims to apply the Erosion Potential Method (EPM) within a GIS environment to determine the spatial and temporal changes in the soil erosion coefficient, sediment production and transport, and to identify the factors contributing most significantly to erosion risk in the Grdelica Gorge for two reference years: 1970 and 2025. The intensity of soil erosion was analysed using the Erosion Potential Method according to Gavrilović. The results indicate that most of the area (62.03%) fell into slope category IV (27-70%), with all erosion categories represented. Processes of very slight erosion were predominant, covering 71.31% of the surface area (306.94 km²). The total annual sediment production (W year) amounted to 110,233.97 m3 year-1, while the specific sediment production (W sp) was 256.1 m3 km-2 year-1. The mean annual sediment transport was 81,573.14 m³/year, and the specific annual sediment transport was 189.51 m³/km²/year. A decline in population and the abandonment of arable land at higher elevations and steeper slopes, along with the implementation of extensive technical, biological, and biotechnical erosion control measures, contributed to erosion mitigation and enhanced vegetation recovery. Compared to the erosion intensity in 1970, the extent of severe erosion had notably decreased by 2025, while the proportions of slight and moderate erosion significantly increased. The mean erosion coefficient (Z mean) had decreased from 0.50 to 0.23.

In the spacious inundation area on the left bank of the lower course of the Sava River in Serbia, there is an abandoned meander Special Nature Reserve, “Obedska bara”, which represents a very important floodplain in this part of Europe. This area is characterized by an exceptional wealth of biodiversity with a significant presence of rare and endangered species of national and international importance. Hydrological conditions in the mentioned area were analyzed from the aspect of surface water movement in nature and conditions altered by human factors (after the construction of the road network, canals, etc.). The movement of surface water, i.e., the filling and emptying of the investigated area, parallel to the water level of the Sava River, is shown using a digital terrain model. Our simulation of the change in surface water level within the studied area included the display of underwater areas, both with the formation of a flood wave (i.e., increasing water level of the Sava) and with the outflow of water from the pond when the water level in the Sava was reduced in both scenarios (natural and conditions altered by human factors). GIS and terrain digitalization were used for geospatial and hydrological analyses and, based on this, maps that display endangered areas could be made. The obtained results show that the largest human impact was recorded at the water level of the Sava River 74 m above sea level. The aforementioned water regime changes were shown to negatively affect dominant vegetation, such as pedunculate oak and ash.

The main shortcomings in the implementation of the project for the regulation of torrent basins are the lack of application of the concept of planning and management. Planning, i.e. making plans, determines the need for resources (labor, materials, mechanization), duration of works and dynamics of works, which aims to economically build facilities in the shortest possible time and with minimal capacity (resources). To support the planning process, various programs can be used, which enable monitoring of the project implementation through its life cycle, i.e. initial ideas until its completion. The paper presents a comparative analysis of three computer programs, namely Primavera P6, Microsoft Project and GanttProject for planning the execution of works on the rehabilitation of the Kamenica dam.

Urban flash floods represent one of the most complex forms of flood risk in modern cities, arising from the interaction of intense rainfall, impervious surfaces, and the limited capacity of drainage infrastructure. Effective management of this risk requires the integration of high-resolution spatial data, up-to-date information on drainage networks, and the application of coupled 1D-2D hydraulic models capable of realistically representing both surface and subsurface water flows. Detailed topography-including micro-relief features such as street curbs, thresholds, and depressions-significantly influences flow paths and the formation of localized water accumulation zones. At the same time, model accuracy greatly depends on the quality and georeferencing of drainage system data, particularly the position and capacity of inlets and manholes, which govern the exchange of flow between the surface and pipe networks. In modern practice, LiDAR data, UAV photogrammetry, and remote sensing enable rapid and reliable generation of DEM/DSM surfaces and LULC classifications, which is especially important in dynamic urban environments. The fusion of these datasets with hydraulic models allows for more accurate simulations of extreme rainfall scenarios, early warning, and informed decision-making. In conclusion, successful analysis and management of urban flash floods require harmonized, high-resolution spatial and infrastructural datasets, continuous model updates, and the use of integrated 1D-2D approaches that provide a realistic representation of hydrodynamic behavior in urban settings.

This paper presents the results of an analysis of the effect of fertilization in the second year after planting on the morphological characteristics of Paulownia leaves. The results are continuation of the research and possibility of introduction and adaptation of paulownia to different habitats in Serbia. Obtaining of the results regarding quality of the plant leaves in the second year in relation to different fertilization treatments is significant for the technology of cultivation of this species on determined soil types. The research is carried out on two sites. Experimental fields on sites in Obrenovac and Pambukovica have been established with species Paulownia elongata S. Y. Hu. and Paulownia fortunei Seem. Hemsl.. Collecting of leaf material for the analysis in laboratory conditions was carried out within the experimental fields. Measuring of the following morphometric characteristics of leaves were carried out: leaf area, leaf circumference, leaf blade length, central veine length, leaf width on the widest part of leaf blade, leaf width at 1 cm from the leaf base, petiole length, distance between 3rd and 4th nerve, number of nerves on the left side of the central veine, and number of nerves on the right side of the central veine. The obtained results of morphometric measurings of leaves are statistically processed in the program Statgraphics. Morphometric analysis of leaves shows structural-functional connections, i.e. more detailed indicators of the adaptability of the species. Based on these measuring results it was determined that fertilization in the second year of plant development after planting has a positive effect on the size of leaves of analysed species of paulownia.