As an indispensable material in construction and engineering, concrete’s mechanical properties and permeability are crucial for structures’ stability and durability. In order to reasonably assess and improve the durability of fracture-containing concrete structures and to enhance the sustainable working life of concrete structures, this research investigated the seepage characteristics of fracture-containing concrete and its mechanical property deterioration under fracture–seepage coupling by testing the permeability and strength of concrete samples before and after water penetration using triaxial seepage test and mechanical strength test. The results show that the fracture–seepage coupling action significantly affects the permeability characteristics and mechanical strength of fracture-containing concrete. In particular, the strength of concrete samples containing a single fracture decreased with increased fracture angle, with a maximum decrease of 32.8%. The fracture–seepage–stress coupling significantly reduced the strength of the fracture-containing concrete samples, which was about twice as much as the strength of the no-fracture concrete samples. Different fracture angles affect the mode of fracture expansion and damage (The fracture angle varies from small to large, and the damage form of concrete changes from tensile damage to tensile–shear composite damage). Moreover, the coupling effect of fracture–seepage–stress will further increase fracture-containing concrete’s fragmentation in the damage process. Therefore, improving the seepage and fracture resistance of concrete plays a vital role in improving the sustainable working life of concrete structures.

In the fragile mining areas of western China, the contradiction between coal mining and water resource protection coexists prominently. Facing this issue, it is necessary to understand the dynamic relationship between mining-induced shear stress and groundwater seepage, as well as the fracture morphology of the overlying strata. In this study, the seepage characteristics of rough fractures within the rock mass are thoroughly investigated, with an emphasis on studying the effects of shear stress and seepage erosion. This research is carried out through seepage experiments and 3D fracture morphology scanning, and the research results are mainly as follows: (a) Rocks with higher shear strengths show less fluctuation in changes in fracture morphology and seepage velocity. (b) The permeability of sandstone and concrete fractures is inversely proportional to the shear stress. The layering of coal greatly limits seepage through the fractures and the permeability of coal is about one-tenth of the permeability of sandstone and concrete under the same conditions. (c) The mechanism of erosion damage to the rock by water-force coupling is the result of the shear and extrusion generated by rock fractures and the transport of rock particles. Changes in fracture erosion and seepage characteristics brought about by the damage will mutually promote and intensify the erosive effect of water force. (d) The degree of change in fracture morphology (fracture damage) under the same conditions is coal > concrete > sandstone. There are differences in the response of different types of rock to the shear stress–seepage erosion, but all show obvious changes in fracture damage and seepage characteristics.

Aiming at the problem of the low reuse rate of mine water due to the high content of heavy metals in mine water, in this research, the microcharacterization means of EDX, XRD, BET, SEM, and FT-IR were used to characterize the nonstick coal in a mine in western China. The effects of solid–liquid ratio, solution pH, solution temperature, adsorption time, and initial concentration of the solution on the adsorption of Fe(II) by the nonstick coal were analyzed. The adsorption performance of nonstick coal on adsorbed Fe(II) was analyzed under different influencing factors. The results showed that the adsorption capacity and unit removal rate of the coal samples gradually decreased with the increase in the solid–liquid ratio; the adsorption amount increased with the increase in pH in an “S” shape, and the adsorption effect was better in the range of pH = 5~7; and the adsorption amount increased linearly with the temperature. The quasi-secondary kinetic model and Langmuir model could fit the adsorption kinetic curve and isothermal adsorption curve better, which indicated that the adsorption of Fe(II) by the nonstick coal was dominated by the chemical adsorption of the monomolecular layer. The quantitative analysis of the FT-IR results showed that the adsorption of Fe(II) was mainly by complexation with -OH detached from the coal samples to produce precipitation.

In the research on sustainable mining and environmental preservation, understanding the dynamic behaviour of rock formations in deep, high-stress mining environments is essential. In order to acquire the laws of rock dynamic disaster generation from mining in deep, high-stress environments, this research adopts a multistage and multi-cycle triaxial cyclic loading test to obtain the stress–strain curves and macroscopic deformation characteristics of hard sandstone under different surrounding pressures. The results show that the cumulative damage displacement of hard sandstone under cyclic loading at a certain stress level for the first 3–4 cycles is half of the total damage displacement at that cycle stage, and its peak volumetric strain will increase with the increase. The elastic energy density ratio and dissipation energy density ratio of hard sandstone under cyclic loading show a sinusoidal fluctuation trend, and the fluctuation gradually decreases with the increase in the number of cycles and the increase in the cyclic stress level. Under the cyclic loading of different surrounding pressures, the hard sandstone shows brittle damage characteristics, where the damage form is mainly shear damage with a small amount of tensile damage in low surrounding pressure and the damage form is mainly shear damage, tensile damage, and local compression damage in high surrounding pressure. The study reveals the deformation and damage law, energy evolution, and dissipation characteristics of high-strength hard sandstone. It is essential for the development of mining strategies that minimize the impact on the environment, reduce the dynamic hazards generated by mining, and maximize the efficiency of resource extraction