Conducting a scoping review helps identify research gaps and opportunities, avoid duplication, guide the selection of appropriate methodologies, and base studies on existing evidence. The aim of this study was to map the literature on body image in children and adolescents (0 to 19 years). The present study follows the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA). The search was conducted in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, LILACS, SciELO, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library. A total of 3257 articles were found, of which 2147 were duplicates, resulting in 1110 articles. Of these, 41 met the inclusion criteria. The results were divided into analytical dimensions, including measurement instruments, programs and interventions, social media, sociodemographic aspects, physical activity, personality and cognitive thinking, and studies with specific populations. The results highlight that peer influence, physical activity, media, and the school environment play crucial roles in shaping young people’s body image; factors such as sex, age, and socioeconomic context emerge as important variables in understanding body perceptions, and educational interventions and health promotion programs have been shown to be effective in preventing and reducing body dissatisfaction, underscoring the need for multifactorial and collaborative approaches.

This study aimed to update the Brazilian evidence on the prevalence of children and adolescents who met the health-related criteria for aerobic fitness. This systematic review is part of the Report Card Brazil Project, and the search for relevant information was conducted in nine databases, limited to the period from January 2020 to January 2025. Studies with different designs were included, provided they allowed the extraction of prevalence data for children and adolescents (aged up to 19 years or with a mean age up to 19 years) who met the health criteria for aerobic fitness. A total of 501 articles were identified, and six studies were included based on their compliance with the eligibility criteria. The prevalence of children and adolescents classified as meeting health-related criteria for aerobic fitness was 43.68% (29.81% for males and 28.55% for females). Regarding age groups, children (six to nine years) showed higher prevalence rates of adequate aerobic fitness (61.02%; n = 1,088) compared to adolescents (10 to 17 years) (31.42%; n = 1,075). When comparing the current findings with those of the previous systematic review from this project, a 62.32% improvement was observed in the prevalence of children and adolescents classified as meeting health criteria for aerobic fitness (26.9% in the previous review). However, despite this increase, more than half of the investigated children and adolescents still do not meet the health criteria for aerobic fitness.

The present study aimed to identify and summarize evidence regarding muscle strength in Brazilian children and adolescents (aged ≤19 years), in order to update the 2018 and 2019 data previously published by the Brazilian Report Card Project. A systematic search was conducted across seven databases, with a focus on studies published between January 2020 and December 2024. Thirty-six studies, originating from the five major regions of Brazil, were included. Handgrip strength was the most frequently adopted test across the included studies (29 out of 58 measurements – 50%). The prevalence of children and adolescents with adequate levels of muscle strength was 44.1% (40.1% for males and 47.8% for females). Compared to the results of the previous review (2018–2019), an increase was observed in the prevalence of youth with adequate muscle strength levels (from 29.8% to 44.1%). However, upon analyzing the totality of the Brazilian Report Card Project data (which includes 17,379 participants since 2010), the combined prevalence of adequate muscle strength was 56.1% (58.8% for boys; 53.0% for girls), suggesting a declining trend over the years. Despite the punctual increase in the 2020–2024 period, the majority of young Brazilians still do not reach adequate levels of muscle strength, which reinforces the need for public health strategies to promote muscle-strengthening activities.