We present here an analysis of several possible reactive pathways toward the formation of hydroxylamine under astrochemical conditions. The analysis is based on ab initio quantum chemistry calculations. Twenty-one bimolecular ion–molecule reactions have been studied and their thermodynamics presented. Only one of these reactions is a viable direct route to hydroxylamine. We conclude that the contribution of gas-phase chemistry to hydroxylamine formation is probably negligible when compared to its formation via surface grain chemistry. However, we have found several plausible gas-phase reactions whose outcome is the hydroxylamine cation.

Here, we demonstrate the electrochemical intercalation of Ca²⁺ ions within the lattice of anatase nanotubes (a‐NTs) synthesized by hydrothermal treatment of TiO₂/NaOH precursors followed by Na⁺/H⁺ ion exchange and H₂O‐loss at high temperature in air. Scanning electron microscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy confirm the formation of nanosized anatase, whereas transmission electron microscopy highlights the formation of nanotubular morphologies with an average diameter of 10 nm. TiO₂ electrodes are able to deliver reversible specific capacities in aprotic batteries vs. calcium metal or in hybrid configurations vs. capacitive activated carbon using aprotic electrolytes (i. e., Ca(BH₄)₂ in tetrahydrofuran or Ca(TFSI)₂ in dimethoxyethane, respectively). The electrochemical intercalation of Ca²⁺ ions into the anatase lattice is confirmed by X‐ray absorption spectroscopy in close comparison with Na⁺ and Li⁺ intercalations. Ca²⁺ incorporation leads to the partial amorphization of the TiO₂ lattice despite the limited Ca/Ti ratio (i. e., 0.09) obtained in discharge. The analysis of the extended X‐ray absorption fine structure region allows the determination of the local structure of the incorporated Ca²⁺ ions and confirms that a disordered environment is obtained after the electrochemical reaction.