Background/Objectives: Male infertility is influenced by physiological factors like age, as well as lifestyle factors, including physical activity. However, the specific impact of sport activity on semen parameters, and thus on male fertility, remains unclear. Specifically, the aim of this systematic review is to evaluate how an intense regime of training may affect sperm parameters in professional and non-profession athletes. Methods: Studies reporting sperm parameters associated with high training load were included. In April 2024, three electronic databases and literature sources (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched. Quality appraisal was performed independently by three authors using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tools (NHLBI-QAT). Results: Four studies met the inclusion criteria, reporting a total of 156 participants. Sixteen weeks of intensive cycling training produced a significant decrease in seminal volume, sperm concentration, sperm motility, and morphology, with a return to their initial levels, except for sperm morphology and sperm concentration, after at least one week of rest. In addition, in athletes with varicocele, a 6-month stop from sports activity went a long way toward improving sperm concentration and sperm motility. However, DNA fragmentation, a greater presence of round cells, and high numbers of active macrophages were described. At least 30 days improve semen parameters in professional and non-professional athletes. Conclusions: Intensive training could worsen seminal parameters and, consequently, male fertility. However, certainty of evidence is very low, and the results should be interpreted with caution.

Background: Whole-body vibration (WBV) favors central integration and elaboration of proprioceptive stimuli, enhancing gait performance in individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, the effect of WBV on spatiotemporal gait kinematics in PD has been neglecting so far. This study aims to examine how exposure to WBV could influence kinematic parameters in PD. Methods: Gait kinematic parameters of 26 mild-stage PD participants (age: 66.7 ± 1.63 years) were measured using BTS G-Walk sensor during a 10 m walk test under three conditions—WBV, half squat without vibration (HS), and control condition (CC)—in a crossover randomized design. Results: Walking time was significantly slower (p < 0.01) in CC compared to WBV and HS, while no significant differences were observed between WBV and HS. Right leg propulsion was significantly lower in CC compared to HS (p < 0.01), with no significant differences between CC and WBV. Left leg propulsion was significantly lower in CC and WBV compared to HS (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Pelvic tilt was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in CC compared to WBV and HS, but no significant difference was observed between WBV and HS. Cadence was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in CC and WBV than HS. Conclusions: WBV shows promising effects on functional mobility and postural control in PD, with HS offering greater benefits. Exercise modalities should be carefully selected to enhance different gait parameters.

Background/Objectives: Fibromyalgia (FM) is diagnosed using symptom-based criteria, and clinician-assigned labels may diverge from standardized classification frameworks. FM may also coexist with musculoskeletal and other pain-related conditions. We determined the proportion of patients in a combined referral-based cohort who fulfilled the 2019 ACTTION-American Pain Society Pain Taxonomy (AAPT) criteria after retrospective record-based adjudication and described documented concomitant musculoskeletal or pain-related diagnoses and symptom burden according to AAPT status. Methods: This retrospective, single-center cross-sectional pilot study included consecutive adult outpatients evaluated in a tertiary pain unit between January and April 2026 after referral for suspected FM or with a previous clinician-assigned FM diagnosis. AAPT classification was reconstructed from available longitudinal clinical documentation; the historical look-back varied by record availability and extended approximately 8–10 years in some patients. Results: Among 76 patients (96.1% female), 28 fulfilled the AAPT criteria (36.8%; 95% CI, 26.9–48.1). At least one documented concomitant musculoskeletal or pain-related diagnosis was recorded in 25/28 AAPT MET patients (89.3%; 95% CI, 72.8–96.3) and 26/48 AAPT NOT MET patients (54.2%), corresponding to a crude, unadjusted OR of 7.05 (95% CI, 1.87–26.54; p = 0.002). This association may partly reflect criterion-related overlap and differential diagnostic ascertainment. Exploratory analyses suggested greater symptom and affective burden in the AAPT MET group, whereas NRS pain intensity did not differ. Conclusions: Approximately one-third of this combined referral-based cohort fulfilled the AAPT criteria on retrospective adjudication. Documented concomitant musculoskeletal or pain-related diagnoses were common, but the observed association with AAPT status should not be interpreted as independent or causal. Standardized classification and multidimensional clinical pain phenotyping provide complementary information in chronic widespread pain.

Background and objectives: Fibromyalgia (FM) is diagnosed using symptom-based criteria, and clinician-assigned labels frequently diverge from them. FM also coexists with pain-generating musculoskeletal disorders. We determined how many patients referred or labeled as having FM fulfilled the 2019 ACTTION-American Pain Society Pain Taxonomy (AAPT) criteria after specialist assessment and compared concomitant pain-related diagnoses and symptom severity by AAPT status. Methods: Single-center cross-sectional pilot study of consecutive adult outpatients attending a pain unit for suspected or previously diagnosed FM. Clinical records were reviewed to determine fulfilment of the AAPT 2019 criteria, identify documented concomitant pain-related diagnoses, and assess symptom severity (FIQR, Zung SAS/SDS, DN4, NRS). Results: Among 76 patients (96.1% female), 28 fulfilled the AAPT criteria (36.8%; 95% CI, 26.9–48.1%). Of these, 25 (89.3%; 95% CI, 72.8–96.3%) had at least one documented concomitant pain-related diagnosis, versus 54.2% of those not fulfilling the criteria (OR, 7.05; 95% CI, 1.87–26.54; p = 0.002). AAPT MET patients had higher FIQR, SAS, SDS and DN4 scores, whereas NRS did not differ significantly. Conclusion: Approximately one-third of patients with an FM label fulfilled the AAPT criteria, and most of those who did also had a concomitant pain-related diagnosis. Comprehensive assessment for coexisting pain generators remains necessary.

Background/Objectives: Fibromyalgia (FM) is diagnosed using symptom-based criteria, and clinician-assigned labels may diverge from standardized classification frameworks. FM may also coexist with other pain-generating musculoskeletal disorders. We determined the proportion of patients referred for suspected or previously diagnosed FM who fulfilled the 2019 ACTTION-American Pain Society Pain Taxonomy (AAPT) criteria after specialist record-based adjudication and compared documented concomitant pain-related diagnoses and symptom severity according to AAPT status. Methods: This retrospective, single-center cross-sectional pilot study included consecutive adult outpatients evaluated in a tertiary pain unit for suspected or previously diagnosed FM. Routinely collected clinical records were reviewed to determine fulfilment of the AAPT 2019 criteria, identify documented concomitant pain-related diagnoses, and assess symptom severity using FIQR, Zung SAS/SDS, DN4, and NRS measures. Results: Among 76 patients (96.1% female), 28 fulfilled the AAPT criteria (36.8%; 95% CI, 26.9–48.1). Of these, 25 (89.3%; 95% CI, 72.8–96.3) had at least one documented concomitant pain-related diagnosis, compared with 26/48 (54.2%) patients who did not fulfil the criteria (OR, 7.05; 95% CI, 1.87–26.54; p = 0.002). Exploratory analyses showed higher FIQR, SAS, SDS, and DN4 scores in the AAPT MET group, whereas NRS pain intensity did not differ significantly. Conclusions: Approximately one-third of patients in this referral-based cohort fulfilled the AAPT criteria, and concomitant pain-related diagnoses were common. Because the retrospective adjudication, small single-center sample, and potential definitional and detection biases limit causal interpretation, these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating. They suggest that criteria-based classification and clinical assessment provide complementary information when evaluating chronic widespread pain.