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Wilderness areas worldwide continue to face a range of threats, however public support for wilderness areas is lacking. Similarly, there is a paucity of research literature pertaining to public support for federally-designated wilderness areas within the U.S. Borrowing from the broader pro-environmental behavior literature, the purpose of this investigation was to explore the role that individuals' environmental worldview and place attachment play in their support for wilderness. Specifically, we asked residents of the southeastern United States about their political and financial support for the management and continued protection of current wilderness areas. Data was obtained via an online panel of adults who had visited a protected natural area in the previous five years. Confirmatory factor analysis and path analysis results revealed that place attachment partially mediated the relationship between environmental worldview and support for wilderness preservation. The data suggest that models of pro-environmental behavior, generally, and wilderness preservation, specifically, should include both a measure of general environmental beliefs and a measure of an individual's thoughts and feelings ascribed to a specific setting.
Christopher J. Wynveen; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Samuel J. Keith; Joseph Barr. Support for wilderness preservation: An investigation of the roles of place attachment and environmental worldview. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 2021, 35, 100417 .
AMA StyleChristopher J. Wynveen, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Samuel J. Keith, Joseph Barr. Support for wilderness preservation: An investigation of the roles of place attachment and environmental worldview. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. 2021; 35 ():100417.
Chicago/Turabian StyleChristopher J. Wynveen; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Samuel J. Keith; Joseph Barr. 2021. "Support for wilderness preservation: An investigation of the roles of place attachment and environmental worldview." Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 35, no. : 100417.
Despite place attachment's prominence within the environmental psychology literature, the scales and items used to measure place attachment vary significantly, hindering the ability of researchers to rally behind a standard measure. These types of discrepancies hamper the ability of researchers to directly compare findings across communities and conduct metanalyses on the antecedents and outcomes of place attachment. Furthermore, scales consisting of more than three items may unnecessarily burden respondents, thus impeding opportunities to add new constructs to surveys so that the precursors and outcomes of place attachment can be better understood. With this in mind, the purpose of this paper is to present and test the cross-cultural reliability and validity of an Abbreviated Place Attachment Scale (APAS) (i.e., three items for place identity and three items for place dependence) across seven samples spanning five data collections and four countries (United States, Cape Verde, Nigeria and Poland) involving residents and visitors. Confirmatory factor analysis reveals that the abbreviated scales perform just as well as their extended parents, and the multi-group confirmatory factor analysis reveals full measurement invariance demonstrating that the APAS is equivalent across cultures. Based on these results, the APAS should be given full attention by place attachment researchers seeking to expand the literature on the understanding of how people connect to places and the implications that these connections have on other important constructs such as quality of life, support for tourism, and place-based conservation efforts or individual environmental behaviors.
B. Bynum Boley; Marianna Strzelecka; Emily Pauline Yeager; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Kayode D. Aleshinloye; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Benjamin Prangle Mimbs. Measuring place attachment with the Abbreviated Place Attachment Scale (APAS). Journal of Environmental Psychology 2021, 74, 101577 .
AMA StyleB. Bynum Boley, Marianna Strzelecka, Emily Pauline Yeager, Manuel Alector Ribeiro, Kayode D. Aleshinloye, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Benjamin Prangle Mimbs. Measuring place attachment with the Abbreviated Place Attachment Scale (APAS). Journal of Environmental Psychology. 2021; 74 ():101577.
Chicago/Turabian StyleB. Bynum Boley; Marianna Strzelecka; Emily Pauline Yeager; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Kayode D. Aleshinloye; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Benjamin Prangle Mimbs. 2021. "Measuring place attachment with the Abbreviated Place Attachment Scale (APAS)." Journal of Environmental Psychology 74, no. : 101577.
Though residents’ involvement is extremely important to foster sustainable tourism, explanations as to why locals become involved are rather scant. This research explores the role that emotional solidarity and empowerment play in explaining residents’ involvement in planning for tourism. We collected a sample of 415 residents residing in three counties highly impacted from tourism in Central Florida – Orange, Osceola, and Seminole. Using structural equation modelling, we found that constructs tested in the model, including welcoming nature, sympathetic understanding, social empowerment, and political empowerment, explained 54% of the variance in residents’ involvement in tourism planning. Furthermore, two relationships including the effect of resident emotional closeness on their involvement in tourism planning and the effect of resident psychological empowerment on their involvement in tourism planning were not significant. Interestingly, standardized regression coefficients were stronger for the two social and political empowerment factors in explaining resident involvement in tourism planning than for welcoming nature and sympathetic understanding factors. Our results thus contribute to empirically-rigorous, holistic modelling of residents’ attitudes.
Kayode D. Aleshinloye; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Emrullah Erul; Courtney Suess; Inhye Kong; B. Bynum Boley. Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; emotional solidarity or empowerment? Current Issues in Tourism 2021, 1 -15.
AMA StyleKayode D. Aleshinloye, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Emrullah Erul, Courtney Suess, Inhye Kong, B. Bynum Boley. Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; emotional solidarity or empowerment? Current Issues in Tourism. 2021; ():1-15.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKayode D. Aleshinloye; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Emrullah Erul; Courtney Suess; Inhye Kong; B. Bynum Boley. 2021. "Which construct is better at explaining residents’ involvement in tourism; emotional solidarity or empowerment?" Current Issues in Tourism , no. : 1-15.
Due to the spread of COVID-19 and restrictions on international travel, popular destinations around the world have experienced an influx of domestic tourists. Regardless of the economic benefits that tourists could bring, residents have expressed their concerns about the health risks that would accompany tourists. Residents are not risk-proof or risk-tolerant, but the literature to date has overlooked the relevance and importance of residents' perceived risk associated with tourists. Addressing this research gap, this study investigated how residents’ perceived risk, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism were interrelated amid the pandemic. It was found that perceived risk was negatively associated with emotional solidarity and support for tourism, and emotional solidarity had a positive impact on support for tourism. Also, emotional solidarity was a partial mediator between perceived risk and support for tourism. Theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed within the closing of the article.
Dongoh Joo; Wenjie Xu; Juhee Lee; Choong-Ki Lee; Kyle Maurice Woosnam. Residents’ perceived risk, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2021, 19, 100553 .
AMA StyleDongoh Joo, Wenjie Xu, Juhee Lee, Choong-Ki Lee, Kyle Maurice Woosnam. Residents’ perceived risk, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2021; 19 ():100553.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDongoh Joo; Wenjie Xu; Juhee Lee; Choong-Ki Lee; Kyle Maurice Woosnam. 2021. "Residents’ perceived risk, emotional solidarity, and support for tourism amidst the COVID-19 pandemic." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 19, no. : 100553.
The purpose of this study is to examine how tourists' self-congruity and emotional solidarity are related and how this thereby influences travel satisfaction and destination loyalty. Notably, the roles that the different dimensions (i.e., communality and fairness) of intragroup emotional solidarity played between the constructs were scrutinized for an enhanced understanding of the relationships. Addressing these research questions, this study collected survey data from South Korean tourists to Korea's Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)—a destination of symbolic and emotional significance to Koreans—and analyzed them via structural equation modelling. Results demonstrated positive relationships between self-congruity and all emotional solidarity dimensions. However, only fairness was a meaningful predictor of travel satisfaction which then translated into destination loyalty. The findings indicate that in an emotional destination like the DMZ, self-congruity with the destination can give rise to emotional solidarity toward others, but emotional solidarity dimensions may function differently in triggering further changes in travel satisfaction or destination loyalty. Implications for theory and practice are discussed within the close of the article.
Dongoh Joo; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Sojung Lee; Choong Ki Lee. Destination loyalty as explained through self-congruity, emotional solidarity, and travel satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2020, 45, 338 -347.
AMA StyleDongoh Joo, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Sojung Lee, Choong Ki Lee. Destination loyalty as explained through self-congruity, emotional solidarity, and travel satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 2020; 45 ():338-347.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDongoh Joo; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Sojung Lee; Choong Ki Lee. 2020. "Destination loyalty as explained through self-congruity, emotional solidarity, and travel satisfaction." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 45, no. : 338-347.
Given the growing interest in the Korean Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) as a tourism destination, this study investigated DMZ tourists' place attachment and tourism development support, by identifying the importance of perceived similarity and shared beliefs in symbolic, touristic, and preservation values. Using survey data collected from 378 DMZ tourists, this study revealed that perceived similarity was a significant antecedent of shared beliefs, which further influenced place attachment and support for tourism development. In particular, shared touristic value had a direct impact on place attachment, while symbolic and preservation values influenced tourism development support only. This study adds to the burgeoning research on DMZ tourism and offers a unique approach to evaluate destination values from tourists' sociological perspectives. This study suggests managerial guidance on how the destination can develop the DMZ as a tourism destination, concerning tourists’ perspectives and shared beliefs highlighting key values associated with the place.
Sojung Lee; Dongoh Joo; Choong-Ki Lee; Kyle Maurice Woosnam. Korean DMZ tourists' perceived similarity and shared beliefs in predicting place attachment and support for tourism development. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2020, 18, 100467 .
AMA StyleSojung Lee, Dongoh Joo, Choong-Ki Lee, Kyle Maurice Woosnam. Korean DMZ tourists' perceived similarity and shared beliefs in predicting place attachment and support for tourism development. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2020; 18 ():100467.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSojung Lee; Dongoh Joo; Choong-Ki Lee; Kyle Maurice Woosnam. 2020. "Korean DMZ tourists' perceived similarity and shared beliefs in predicting place attachment and support for tourism development." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 18, no. : 100467.
Increasing demand for water-based recreation comes with the need for recreation site managers to consider how to best satisfy different stakeholder groups. However, much of the previous water-based recreation literature has treated resident users and tourist users as one homogeneous group despite differences in frequency of use, proximity to site, and economic importance of visitation to the local economy. Hence, this study segmented residents from tourists and conducted separate importance performance analyses (IPA) to see if these two distinct groups have different preferences for and perceptions of stream-access sites in southeast Appalachia. Data were collected using an intercept survey method across ten different Tennessee Valley Authority stream-access sites in north Georgia and western North Carolina. Independent samples t-tests reveal significant differences between residents and tourists on 10 of the 23 importance attributes and performance attributes. The IPAs reveal different quadrant placements for 9 of the 23 attributes. Specifically, tourists expressed greater dissatisfaction with information accessibility such as online information and river maps, and residents tended to place higher importance on the boating aspects of stream-access sites with higher levels of importance placed on attributes such as ramps, put in and take out sites, and room to maneuver trailers, illustrating the efficacy of segmenting residents and tourists within the context of IPA. Implications include management aims addressing both residents' and tourists’ preferences for stream-access sites to simultaneously enhance regional tourism for its economic benefits while enriching the experiences of residents.
Benjamin Prangle Mimbs; B. Bynum Boley; J.M. Bowker; Kyle M. Woosnam; Gary T. Green. Importance-performance analysis of residents' and tourists’ preferences for water-based recreation in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 2020, 31, 100324 .
AMA StyleBenjamin Prangle Mimbs, B. Bynum Boley, J.M. Bowker, Kyle M. Woosnam, Gary T. Green. Importance-performance analysis of residents' and tourists’ preferences for water-based recreation in the Southeastern United States. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism. 2020; 31 ():100324.
Chicago/Turabian StyleBenjamin Prangle Mimbs; B. Bynum Boley; J.M. Bowker; Kyle M. Woosnam; Gary T. Green. 2020. "Importance-performance analysis of residents' and tourists’ preferences for water-based recreation in the Southeastern United States." Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism 31, no. : 100324.
The purpose of this paper is to test the effect of residents’ attitudes concerning tourism development on support for future tourism development, and ultimately whether such a relationship explains a sense of solidarity with tourists. To do this, a theoretical model was developed and tested based on the social exchange theory and affect theory of exchange. Residents of Antalya, Turkey (N = 660) comprised the sample from which data were collected. Structural equation modelling results demonstrated that residents' attitudes explained 69% of the variance in support for future tourism development, and in turn, this support explained between 25% and 80% of the variance in factors comprising residents’ emotional solidarity with tourists. Findings provide support for the complementary use of the two theories. To round out the paper, implications, limitations and future research are offered.
Emrullah Erul; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; John Salazar. Complementing theories to explain emotional solidarity. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2020, 1 -16.
AMA StyleEmrullah Erul, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Manuel Alector Ribeiro, John Salazar. Complementing theories to explain emotional solidarity. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 2020; ():1-16.
Chicago/Turabian StyleEmrullah Erul; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; John Salazar. 2020. "Complementing theories to explain emotional solidarity." Journal of Sustainable Tourism , no. : 1-16.
It is nearly impossible to consider a destination without also acknowledging its people and the relationships visitors have with such residents. Extant research on emotional solidarity has treated visitors as a homogenous group, failing to identify differences in the way people develop solidarity and perceive a destination. This study addresses this gap by clustering tourists based on their emotional solidarity with residents; and identifying whether tourist subgroups share different perceptions of the destination and levels of loyalty. Analysis was based on a sample of 400 Serbian visitors who had visited Greece. Three groups were identified with different levels of emotional solidarity, termed Appreciators, Lovers, and Emotionally Distants. All groups exhibited dissimilar cognitive and affective images and diverse levels of loyalty.
Dimitrios Stylidisa; Kyle M. Woosnam; Milan Ivkovc. Tourists’ emotional solidarity with residents: A segmentation analysis and its links to destination image and loyalty. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2020, 17, 100458 .
AMA StyleDimitrios Stylidisa, Kyle M. Woosnam, Milan Ivkovc. Tourists’ emotional solidarity with residents: A segmentation analysis and its links to destination image and loyalty. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2020; 17 ():100458.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDimitrios Stylidisa; Kyle M. Woosnam; Milan Ivkovc. 2020. "Tourists’ emotional solidarity with residents: A segmentation analysis and its links to destination image and loyalty." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 17, no. : 100458.
Using flood risks and potential impacts of sea level change within the U.S. Great Lakes region over the past 20 years, we explore the association between coordinated planning effort as a form of multilevel climate governance and community resilience attributes under climate risk. Content analysis and coastal adaptation principles allowed us to evaluate coordinated planning effort at county and state levels to derive a horizontal or vertical coordination index which was then used to evaluate if synergies generated among plans were correlated with climate risk mitigation and enhanced adaptation to climate change. Further, we incorporated evaluation results of varied community resilience characteristics and coordinated planning effort metrics in the context of climate change. Empirical results suggest that the extent of coordinated planning effort at the county and state levels is closely associated with coastal community resilience and climate change adaptation.
Hyun Kim; David W. Marcouiller; Kyle Maurice Woosnam. Coordinated planning effort as multilevel climate governance: Insights from coastal resilience and climate adaptation. Geoforum 2020, 114, 77 -88.
AMA StyleHyun Kim, David W. Marcouiller, Kyle Maurice Woosnam. Coordinated planning effort as multilevel climate governance: Insights from coastal resilience and climate adaptation. Geoforum. 2020; 114 ():77-88.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHyun Kim; David W. Marcouiller; Kyle Maurice Woosnam. 2020. "Coordinated planning effort as multilevel climate governance: Insights from coastal resilience and climate adaptation." Geoforum 114, no. : 77-88.
For tourism to be entirely sustainable, one cannot travel. This is impossible. This paradox is particularly evident within last chance tourism (LCT), where tourists, seeking experiences with vanishing animals and land/seascapes, can accelerate the decline of those very attractions. Though recent studies hint that those with the highest intentions to visit LCT destinations are also some of the most concerned with climate change, no study has assessed the psychological drivers that may help explain why individuals are increasingly engaging in this paradox. Drawing on the VBN model, this research examines a theoretical framework to assess the psychological drivers behind individuals’ intention to engage in environmentally responsible behavior while traveling and, ultimately, their desire to participate in LCT. Results reveal that a set of environmentally referent cognitions (i.e., values, environmental worldview, awareness of consequences, and ascription of responsibility) lead to personal norms activation, which then influence tourists’ intent to behave in pro-sustainable ways and, ultimately, individuals’ intentions to engage in LCT. Findings are important as they further confirm the benefits of using VBN theory within an LCT context. For practitioners, this research strengthens the appeal of sustainable tourism operations to secure business and receive positive word-of-mouth from potential LCT tourists.
Tara J. Denley; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; B. Bynum Boley; Christy Hehir; Jesse Abrams. Individuals’ intentions to engage in last chance tourism: applying the value-belief-norm model. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2020, 28, 1860 -1881.
AMA StyleTara J. Denley, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Manuel Alector Ribeiro, B. Bynum Boley, Christy Hehir, Jesse Abrams. Individuals’ intentions to engage in last chance tourism: applying the value-belief-norm model. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 2020; 28 (11):1860-1881.
Chicago/Turabian StyleTara J. Denley; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; B. Bynum Boley; Christy Hehir; Jesse Abrams. 2020. "Individuals’ intentions to engage in last chance tourism: applying the value-belief-norm model." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 28, no. 11: 1860-1881.
In light of the recent conflicts in Carthage over land use, cultural heritage preservation, and sustainable tourism, this work utilized a value-belief-norm (VBN) theoretical framework to consider psychological antecedents of residents’ behavioral intentions to support cultural heritage tourism. As such, personal values, cultural worldview, awareness of consequences, ascription of responsibility, and subjective norms were considered antecedents of intentions to support cultural heritage tourism. Data were collected from 475 Carthage residents in nine neighborhoods adjacent to UNESCO World Heritage Sites using an on-site self-administered questionnaire. The proposed model was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (to demonstrate sound psychometric properties across all 11 factors within the model), followed by structural equation modelling. Overall, 15 of the 19 proposed hypotheses were supported, ultimately contributing to 28% of the variance explained in residents’ behavioral intentions to support cultural heritage tourism. This work not only provides support for the utilization of the VBN model within the context of cultural heritage tourism, it also deepens our understanding of the theoretical framework through the inclusion of the multi-dimensional construct cultural worldview.
Huda A. Megeirhi; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Haywantee R. Ramkissoone; Tara J. Denley. Employing a value-belief-norm framework to gauge Carthage residents’ intentions to support sustainable cultural heritage tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism 2020, 28, 1351 -1370.
AMA StyleHuda A. Megeirhi, Kyle Maurice Woosnam, Manuel Alector Ribeiro, Haywantee R. Ramkissoone, Tara J. Denley. Employing a value-belief-norm framework to gauge Carthage residents’ intentions to support sustainable cultural heritage tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 2020; 28 (9):1351-1370.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHuda A. Megeirhi; Kyle Maurice Woosnam; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Haywantee R. Ramkissoone; Tara J. Denley. 2020. "Employing a value-belief-norm framework to gauge Carthage residents’ intentions to support sustainable cultural heritage tourism." Journal of Sustainable Tourism 28, no. 9: 1351-1370.
Volunteering for nature conservation has become an important resource in solving local environmental problems of global importance. The study at hand assessed how well millennials’ global citizenship attitudes explain their behavioral intentions to engage in volunteer projects, as well as how prior experience of volunteering in environmental projects affects millennials’ global citizenship attitudes. Those who reported past participation in this type of volunteer experience were generally more inclined to partake in future environmental volunteering than those without prior experience. Likewise, for those with prior experience, global citizen factors played a greater role in intentions to experience environmental volunteering. This study makes valuable contributions to the literature surrounding nature conservation, as it illustrates that millennials’ global citizenship attitudes predict participation in environmental volunteering. This work concludes with insights concerning what programs (that provide millennials with opportunities to fulfill environmental duties associated with their global environmental citizenship) can do to provide a more valuable experience for young volunteers.
Kyle M. Woosnam; Marianna Strzelecka; Gwendelyn S. Nisbett; Samuel J. Keith. Examining Millennials’ Global Citizenship Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions to Engage in Environmental Volunteering. Sustainability 2019, 11, 2324 .
AMA StyleKyle M. Woosnam, Marianna Strzelecka, Gwendelyn S. Nisbett, Samuel J. Keith. Examining Millennials’ Global Citizenship Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions to Engage in Environmental Volunteering. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (8):2324.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKyle M. Woosnam; Marianna Strzelecka; Gwendelyn S. Nisbett; Samuel J. Keith. 2019. "Examining Millennials’ Global Citizenship Attitudes and Behavioral Intentions to Engage in Environmental Volunteering." Sustainability 11, no. 8: 2324.
This study examined how Brazilian and Korean residents in two Japanese towns differed in their views of tourism in general and ethnic neighborhood tourism (ENT) focused on their own culture and if their perceptions of tourism in general translate into their corresponding attitudes about ENT. A series of MANOVAs revealed that Brazilian residents held more positive views toward tourism in general and ENT than their Korean counterparts. Although the two groups differed in their perception of community benefits from tourism in general, they demonstrated a similar mix of hopes and worries regarding ENT. Results from multiple regression analyses also revealed that minority residents’ perceptions of tourism in general can be a significant predictor of their attitudes toward ENT explaining 4–40% of variance in the Brazilian sample and 4–12% in the Korean sample. These findings imply that perceptions of general tourism are precursors to perceptions of specific, niche forms of tourism. In a practical sense, this study underscores the importance of inviting residents’ opinion into the tourism planning process, especially in ENT contexts. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed at the close of the paper.
Kyle M. Woosnam; Naho U. Maruyama; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Dongoh Joo. Explaining minority residents’ attitudes of ethnic enclave tourism from general perceptions of tourism impacts. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 2019, 17, 467 -484.
AMA StyleKyle M. Woosnam, Naho U. Maruyama, Manuel Alector Ribeiro, Dongoh Joo. Explaining minority residents’ attitudes of ethnic enclave tourism from general perceptions of tourism impacts. Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change. 2019; 17 (4):467-484.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKyle M. Woosnam; Naho U. Maruyama; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Dongoh Joo. 2019. "Explaining minority residents’ attitudes of ethnic enclave tourism from general perceptions of tourism impacts." Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 17, no. 4: 467-484.
This work highlights a popular form of volunteer tourism in Southeast Asia — Teaching English as a Foreign Language Volunteer Tourism (TEFL VT). Given the limited literature on this niche form of tourism, the purpose of this paper was to gain a better understanding of and differentiation between TEFL VT and TEFL jobs in Thailand based on analyzing the content of position advertisements. TEFL jobs were found to be predominantly long-term paid positions located in Bangkok that preferred college-educated native English speaking Western expatriates with teaching experience, whereas TEFL VT programs were primarily short-term, outside of Bangkok, and did not require teaching experience nor formal education beyond high school. TEFL VT programs were also less restrictive than TEFL jobs with regards to who could apply, required payment, involved activities outside of teaching, and focused not solely on students but also volunteer benefits while distancing themselves from the mass tourism industry.
Joshua D. Bernstein; Kyle M. Woosnam. Same same but different: Distinguishing what it means to teach English as a foreign language within the context of volunteer tourism. Tourism Management 2019, 72, 427 -436.
AMA StyleJoshua D. Bernstein, Kyle M. Woosnam. Same same but different: Distinguishing what it means to teach English as a foreign language within the context of volunteer tourism. Tourism Management. 2019; 72 ():427-436.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJoshua D. Bernstein; Kyle M. Woosnam. 2019. "Same same but different: Distinguishing what it means to teach English as a foreign language within the context of volunteer tourism." Tourism Management 72, no. : 427-436.
Tourists are flooded with travel options making competition fierce within their consideration sets. While most research emphasizes the functional attributes of destinations, as narcissism becomes more normalized, it is of increasing interest to examine the influence socially symbolic factors have on tourist decision making. Therefore, this study sought to examine the efficacy of four different socially symbolic predictors of travel—social norms, social self-concept (actual and ideal), and social return—for predicting a person's likelihood to travel to Cuba across three time horizons (1 year, 5 years, and 10 years). Results from a panel of 785 U.S. travelers found social norms to be the best predictor of travel across all three time horizons with social return also being significant across all time horizons. Implications to destination marketing are discussed such as some socially symbolic variables being easier to operationalize in marketing campaigns compared to others (e.g. social return vs. social norms).
Casey Moran; B. Bynum Boley; Kyle M. Woosnam; Evan J. Jordan; Carol Kline; Whitney Knollenberg. The battle of the socials: Which socially symbolic factors best predict intent to travel? Tourism Management 2018, 68, 324 -327.
AMA StyleCasey Moran, B. Bynum Boley, Kyle M. Woosnam, Evan J. Jordan, Carol Kline, Whitney Knollenberg. The battle of the socials: Which socially symbolic factors best predict intent to travel? Tourism Management. 2018; 68 ():324-327.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCasey Moran; B. Bynum Boley; Kyle M. Woosnam; Evan J. Jordan; Carol Kline; Whitney Knollenberg. 2018. "The battle of the socials: Which socially symbolic factors best predict intent to travel?" Tourism Management 68, no. : 324-327.
In this study, we explore cumulative exposure, climate justice, and flood risk with specific reference to community resilience, vulnerability, and social justice characteristics at the county-level within the U.S. Mississippi River basin from 1990 to 2009. Using a basic conceptual model of spatial resilience to climate risks, temporal lag effect of community capacity, urban and rural spatial classification, integrative cumulative exposure, and spatial clustering of risk, we examine spatial climate risk outcomes and the role of community resilience in reducing such risks. Our approach accounted for local social, economic, environmental, regulatory policy, and planning mitigation contexts. Results suggest that community social and ecological characteristics were influenced by flood losses and that social capital and climate justice characteristics combined with local proactive planning and policy measures lead to lower disaster losses and enhanced community resilience.
Hyun Kim; David W. Marcouiller; Kyle M. Woosnam. Rescaling social dynamics in climate change: The implications of cumulative exposure, climate justice, and community resilience. Geoforum 2018, 96, 129 -140.
AMA StyleHyun Kim, David W. Marcouiller, Kyle M. Woosnam. Rescaling social dynamics in climate change: The implications of cumulative exposure, climate justice, and community resilience. Geoforum. 2018; 96 ():129-140.
Chicago/Turabian StyleHyun Kim; David W. Marcouiller; Kyle M. Woosnam. 2018. "Rescaling social dynamics in climate change: The implications of cumulative exposure, climate justice, and community resilience." Geoforum 96, no. : 129-140.
While the work on place attachment is extensive, it neglects to focus on residents' and tourists' perspectives of the construct concurrently. Additionally, the role that social factors play in forging attachment to place is lacking within the tourism literature. This work focuses on whether residents' (n = 469) and tourists' (n = 461) degree of place attachment at the Osun Oshogbo Cultural Festival (Nigeria) were significantly different. Examining the psychometric properties of the place attachment scale in an international context was a second aim. The final purpose of this work was to assess whether social factors (i.e., frequency of interaction and emotional closeness) between residents and tourists could explain the resulting CFA place attachment factors. MANOVA results revealed tourists demonstrated a significantly higher degree of attachment. Each social determinant predicted the attachment factors for both samples, with the two independent variables explaining higher degrees of variance among residents.
Kyle M. Woosnam; Kayode D. Aleshinloye; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Dimitrios Stylidis; Jingxian Jiang; Emrullah Erul. Social determinants of place attachment at a World Heritage Site. Tourism Management 2018, 67, 139 -146.
AMA StyleKyle M. Woosnam, Kayode D. Aleshinloye, Manuel Alector Ribeiro, Dimitrios Stylidis, Jingxian Jiang, Emrullah Erul. Social determinants of place attachment at a World Heritage Site. Tourism Management. 2018; 67 ():139-146.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKyle M. Woosnam; Kayode D. Aleshinloye; Manuel Alector Ribeiro; Dimitrios Stylidis; Jingxian Jiang; Emrullah Erul. 2018. "Social determinants of place attachment at a World Heritage Site." Tourism Management 67, no. : 139-146.
The purpose of this work is to develop a sustainable hotel building model (SHBM) that will allow for the measurement of sustainability in determining what conditions are most ideal for hotels in Northern Cyprus. This research method is based on the synthesis of international sustainable building assessment criteria from the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and the localization of these criteria in Northern Cyprus. Thus, this article proposes an SHBM, which is especially localized for Northern Cyprus that can be used for new hotel buildings’ design and construction and renovations of existing buildings as well as to measure their sustainability regarding environmental, economic and socio-cultural aspects. To serve this purpose, various methods of measurement of sustainability and green certificates (both qualitative and quantitative), global in scale were studied, which provided the basis for the development of the SHBM and local conditions of Northern Cyprus. Six hotels of differing sizes were studied in order to understand localized situation, conditions and priorities. The results of this study suggest that to have a more sustainable hotel in the aimed context, hotels of different scales (based on bed capacity and classification) must be evaluated adopting the SHBM model to achieve a better result for the sustainability of large-scale as well as small-scale hotels. In addition, this model helps the tourism industry and the hotel sector of Northern Cyprus benefit from sustainability in terms of environmental, economic and sociocultural aspects, which consequently help the local community in several ways.
Soad Abokhamis Mousavi; Ercan Hoşkara; Kyle M. Woosnam. Developing a Model for Sustainable Hotels in Northern Cyprus. Sustainability 2017, 9, 2101 .
AMA StyleSoad Abokhamis Mousavi, Ercan Hoşkara, Kyle M. Woosnam. Developing a Model for Sustainable Hotels in Northern Cyprus. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (11):2101.
Chicago/Turabian StyleSoad Abokhamis Mousavi; Ercan Hoşkara; Kyle M. Woosnam. 2017. "Developing a Model for Sustainable Hotels in Northern Cyprus." Sustainability 9, no. 11: 2101.
Kyle M. Woosnam. High tide on main street: Rising sea level and the coming coastal crisis. Community Development 2017, 48, 597 -598.
AMA StyleKyle M. Woosnam. High tide on main street: Rising sea level and the coming coastal crisis. Community Development. 2017; 48 (4):597-598.
Chicago/Turabian StyleKyle M. Woosnam. 2017. "High tide on main street: Rising sea level and the coming coastal crisis." Community Development 48, no. 4: 597-598.