Land use change significantly influences landscape pattern adjustments, thereby altering ecosystem functions and service flows, ultimately impacting ecosystem service value (ESV). However, previous studies have often examined the impacts of land use change and landscape patterns on ecosystem services from a one-dimensional perspective, overlooking the complex interactions among these factors. This study proposes a “process–structure–value” response framework and applies it to a case study of the western Sichuan urban agglomeration. Its aim is to identify the spatial and temporal characteristics of land use and landscape pattern evolution. Additionally, it quantitatively evaluates the synergistic effects of these changes on ESV evolution from 2000 to 2020 using a correlation analysis. The results show that, over the past 20 years, the study area experienced a significant expansion of construction land by 184,729.41 hm², leading to the dispersion and fragmentation of arable land, grassland, and waters, resulting in an overall trend of fragmentation and diversification in landscape patterns. The ESV increased by CNY 2.619 billion, primarily due to the increased ESV associated with forest land and waters. This study found that the synergistic effects of land use processes and landscape pattern structures significantly enhanced ESV. The transition from construction land and arable land to forest land and waters notably improved the ESV. Meanwhile, increased landscape diversity and patch connectivity further enhanced the ecosystem service function. Furthermore, the ecological environment of the study area remained vulnerable despite the increased ESV. Overall, the results highlight the significant correlation between changes in land use processes, landscape patterns, and ESV, emphasizing the necessity of integrating the “process–structure–value” framework in future research to comprehensively assess the responses of land use and landscape patterns to ESV, providing a more comprehensive reference for land use planning and policy development.

Regional ecological protection is an urgent task in today’s social development, and constructing an ecological protection network is an important way to achieve regional ecological coordination. However, previous studies have lacked a systematic review and analysis of policy document transmission paths, failing to consider the spatial network structure and its complex characteristics of regional ecological protection policies, resulting in deficiencies in regional coordinated governance of the ecological environment. To address this gap, this study constructs an ecological policy transmission network lineage for the Chengdu Plain urban agglomeration (CDPUA) based on 400 ecological environmental protection policy documents issued by cities in the CDPUA from 2015 to 2022, focusing on the transmission perspective of policy documents. Social network analysis methods, a GIS spatial analysis, and other methods were employed to construct the ecological protection network of the CDPUA and analyze the complex spatial structure and characteristics of the network. It was found that the integrated ecological protection network of the CDPUA exhibits a multi-core triangular pattern with spatial characteristics of density in the east and sparsity in the west. The integrated ecological protection network has a density of 60.71%, indicating a strong intercity linkage, with Suining as the central nucleus transmitting policies to surrounding cities, forming the Suining–Chengdu–Mianyang policy transmission triangle. The urban agglomeration has formed an ecological protection network dominated by multiple cities, offering diverse and distinct types of ecosystem services. This study provides insights to enhance regional collaborative ecological governance and protection, promoting sustainable development in the region.

Climate change may alter mountain bamboo distributions and giant panda food resources. We modeled potential habitat suitability for Bashania faberi, Yushania brevipaniculata, and Chimonobambusa szechuanensis in a defined Qionglai Mountains study area in Sichuan, China, using MaxEnt, ten bootstrap replicates, and three global climate models (GCMs) for the 2050s and 2070s under SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5. We tested sensitivity to predictors, thresholds, spatial grain, connectivity, and future climate products. High omission in some spatial folds and 15 records make B. faberi projections exploratory and its patch metrics indicative. At species-specific 10th-percentile (10P) thresholds, the nine-variable ensemble projected gains for B. faberi and Y. brevipaniculata only under SSP5-8.5 in the 2070s; the five-variable configuration and fixed thresholds reversed both. Each expansion was supported by one GCM, while two projected contraction. Chimonobambusa szechuanensis contracted under the nine-variable and elevation-containing configurations but increased in the temperature-inclusive diagnostic at 10P. The combined suitable-area proportion fell from 34.20% currently to 21.00–31.05% in baseline future maps; mean patch area and aggregation also declined. Averaging outcomes could produce a different change direction from averaging predictions. These projections describe conditional suitability, not food supply or functional connectivity.