Electric vehicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in decarbonizing global transportation. In the ASEAN region, emerging economies such as Cambodia, Myanmar, and the Philippines face persistent barriers, including high upfront costs, limited charging infrastructure, and fragmented policies. This study presents a comparative analysis across five key dimensions: economic, infrastructural, technological, policy, and social factors. Unlike previous research focused on more developed ASEAN countries, this study highlights underrepresented markets, incorporating behavioral and cultural aspects alongside financing and policy issues. A mixed-methods approach was employed, including structured surveys, Kruskal–Wallis and Chi-square tests, confirmatory factor analysis, and thematic analysis of open-ended responses. Findings reveal common challenges such as affordability, charging access, and battery-related concerns, as well as country-specific issues like unreliable electricity in Myanmar and cultural skepticism in Cambodia. Based on the results, policy recommendations include tailored financing mechanisms, investment in charging infrastructure, public awareness initiatives, and the creation of a regional EV platform to support harmonization and knowledge sharing. This study provides timely insights for policymakers, development partners, and regional stakeholders seeking to promote inclusive and context-sensitive EV adoption strategies across ASEAN’s emerging economies.

Fragmented regulations, limited access to green finance, and underdeveloped carbon markets impede ASEAN's clean energy transition. This paper assesses global best practices, including the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), and green bond standards, through comparative policy analysis, evaluating their suitability for ASEAN's context. By examining specific national cases from Indonesia, Singapore, and Thailand, we identify critical opportunities for enhancing institutional capacities, harmonizing regulatory frameworks, and scaling climate‐aligned investment. A strategic roadmap is developed, focusing particularly on carbon pricing mechanisms, blended finance solutions, and digital innovations such as blockchain and artificial intelligence for regional energy market integration. Findings underline the necessity of coordinated regional carbon markets, standardized green finance instruments, and digitally driven transparency tools. This integrated approach offers ASEAN a pragmatic pathway to accelerate its low‐carbon transition, ensuring both economic resilience and regional cooperation. Future research is recommended to explore socioeconomic impacts on vulnerable sectors and strategies for operationalizing regional carbon pricing across ASEAN's diverse political economies. This article is categorized under: Policy and Economics > Energy Transitions

This paper focuses on the development and optimization of a special hybrid electric vehicle arrangement known as a four-quadrant rotary converter. The introduction summarizes the main advantages and disadvantages of existing topologies in radial and axial flux arrangements. Based on previous experience, we developed a novel axial flux arrangement that eliminates the problems and disadvantages associated with existing radial flux solutions. In addition, this paper evaluates and subsequently describes the optimization of permanent magnet parameters in an axial flux rotary converter unit. A number of 3D finite element method optimizations were performed to find the optimal mass distribution of permanent magnets on the frontal area of the outer rotor in the axial flux rotary converter unit. The optimization involved the permanent magnets’ material, shape, and thickness in order to achieve maximal efficiency of the entire unit while leaving its nominal output power and speed unaffected. The results show an increase in the overall theoretical efficiency of the outer rotor unit from 90.2% to 94.4% following the optimization.

The ASEAN region faces mounting pressure to decarbonize its transport sector amid rising energy demand, urbanization, and climate commitments. Road transport dominates ASEAN energy use and emissions; in 2022 oil supplied 91.2% of transport energy and the sector produced 18.5% of total GHGs. This review synthesizes electric vehicle (EV) and biofuel policies across ASEAN member states using primary government sources, peer‐reviewed literature, national strategies, and global assessments. The scope is road transport, covering both passenger and freight segments, with outcomes reported for 2022–2025. We identify policy instruments, infrastructure readiness, and deployment patterns, and assess synergies and constraints in the dual transition to e‐mobility and sustainable biofuels. Key findings include heterogeneous progress: Thailand leads EV car uptake; Singapore shows the highest availability per car (charging points); and two‐wheeler‐dominant markets require adjusted denominators. On biofuels, Indonesia's B35 underpins large‐scale biodiesel production, Malaysia lacks a fuel ethanol market, the Philippines sustains E10 with imports, and Viet Nam is preparing E10 blending. We propose a structured policy framework tailored to diverse national contexts, emphasizing coordinated regional strategies, public–private collaboration, and long‐term investment. By consolidating policy detail and recent outcomes, the review supports a clearer, evidence‐based gap analysis and provides practical guidance for scaling sustainable transport across ASEAN. This article is categorized under: Cities and Transportation > Electric Mobility Sustainable Development > Sustainable Development Goals