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Prof. Dino Musmarra
Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Aversa (81031), Italy

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Biomass gasification
0 Biorefinery
0 Industrial wastewater treatment
0 Innovative applications for biomass valorisation
0 Value-added compound production

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Wastewater treatment by using AOP, innovative renewable fuel technologies
Biomass gasification
Innovative technologies for groundwater remediation
Advanced treatment technologies

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Journal article
Published: 04 January 2021 in Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings
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ACS Style

Ali Ghamari; Seyed Majid Amini; Carmen De Crescenzo; Dino Musmarra. Investigating the behaviour of steel end-plate connections with shape memory alloy bolts. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings 2021, 1 -16.

AMA Style

Ali Ghamari, Seyed Majid Amini, Carmen De Crescenzo, Dino Musmarra. Investigating the behaviour of steel end-plate connections with shape memory alloy bolts. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings. 2021; ():1-16.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ali Ghamari; Seyed Majid Amini; Carmen De Crescenzo; Dino Musmarra. 2021. "Investigating the behaviour of steel end-plate connections with shape memory alloy bolts." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Structures and Buildings , no. : 1-16.

Review
Published: 17 September 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in water systems is a major hazard for living organisms, including humans. The most popular technology currently used to remove Cr(VI) from polluted water is sorption for its effectiveness, ease of use, low cost and environmental friendliness. The electrostatic interactions between chromium species and the sorbent matrix are the main determinants of Cr(VI) sorption. The pH plays a central role in the process by affecting chromium speciation and the net charge on sorbent surface. In most cases, Cr(VI) sorption is an endothermic process whose kinetics is satisfactorily described by the pseudo second-order model. A critical survey of the recent literature, however, reveals that the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters reported for Cr(VI) sorption are often incorrect and/or erroneously interpreted.

ACS Style

Angelo Fenti; Simeone Chianese; Pasquale Iovino; Dino Musmarra; Stefano Salvestrini. Cr(VI) Sorption from Aqueous Solution: A Review. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6477 .

AMA Style

Angelo Fenti, Simeone Chianese, Pasquale Iovino, Dino Musmarra, Stefano Salvestrini. Cr(VI) Sorption from Aqueous Solution: A Review. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (18):6477.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Angelo Fenti; Simeone Chianese; Pasquale Iovino; Dino Musmarra; Stefano Salvestrini. 2020. "Cr(VI) Sorption from Aqueous Solution: A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18: 6477.

Journal article
Published: 03 September 2020 in Antioxidants
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The aim of this study was to develop an effective integrated cultivation system for Haematococcus pluvialis as a source of bioactive compounds such as astaxanthin, lutein, proteins, and fatty acids (FAs). The Chlorophyta H. pluvialis was cultivated in a vertical bubble column photobioreactor (VBC-PBR) under batch mode, allowing switching from green to red phase for astaxanthin induction. The combined effect of light intensity and nutrients on bioactive compound formation was investigated. Results showed that growth under lower nutrients availability and light intensity led to a higher concentration of biomass. Growth under high light intensity with an appropriate concentration of nitrate, sulfate, phosphate and magnesium led to ~85% and ~58% higher production of total carotenoids and fatty acids, respectively. Under high stress conditions, ~90% nitrate and phosphate consumption were observed.

ACS Style

Sanjeet Mehariya; Neeta Sharma; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Antonio Molino; Dino Musmarra. An Integrated Strategy for Nutraceuticals from Haematoccus pluvialis: From Cultivation to Extraction. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 825 .

AMA Style

Sanjeet Mehariya, Neeta Sharma, Angela Iovine, Patrizia Casella, Tiziana Marino, Vincenzo LaRocca, Antonio Molino, Dino Musmarra. An Integrated Strategy for Nutraceuticals from Haematoccus pluvialis: From Cultivation to Extraction. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (9):825.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanjeet Mehariya; Neeta Sharma; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Antonio Molino; Dino Musmarra. 2020. "An Integrated Strategy for Nutraceuticals from Haematoccus pluvialis: From Cultivation to Extraction." Antioxidants 9, no. 9: 825.

Journal article
Published: 10 August 2020 in Water
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Humic acids (HA) are a potential hazard to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Because biological treatment of contaminated water does not satisfactorily remove these pollutants, novel approaches are under evaluation. This work explores electrochemical oxidation of HA in aqueous solution in a lab-scale apparatus using platinum-coated titanium electrodes. We evaluated the effects of HA concentration, current density, chloride concentration and ionic strength on the rate of HA oxidation. The initial reaction rate method was used for determining the rate law of HA degradation. The results showed that the reaction rate was first-order relative to HA concentration, chloride concentration and current density. An appreciable effect of ionic strength was also observed, most likely due to the polyanionic character of HA. We propose a kinetic model that satisfactorily fits the experimental data.

ACS Style

Stefano Salvestrini; Angelo Fenti; Simeone Chianese; Pasquale Iovino; Dino Musmarra. Electro-Oxidation of Humic Acids Using Platinum Electrodes: An Experimental Approach and Kinetic Modelling. Water 2020, 12, 2250 .

AMA Style

Stefano Salvestrini, Angelo Fenti, Simeone Chianese, Pasquale Iovino, Dino Musmarra. Electro-Oxidation of Humic Acids Using Platinum Electrodes: An Experimental Approach and Kinetic Modelling. Water. 2020; 12 (8):2250.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Stefano Salvestrini; Angelo Fenti; Simeone Chianese; Pasquale Iovino; Dino Musmarra. 2020. "Electro-Oxidation of Humic Acids Using Platinum Electrodes: An Experimental Approach and Kinetic Modelling." Water 12, no. 8: 2250.

Journal article
Published: 28 July 2020 in Pathogens
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Several bacteria pathogens are responsible for plant diseases causing significant economic losses. The antibacterial activity of Dunaliella salina microalgae extracts were investigated in vitro and in vivo. First, biomass composition was chemically characterized and subjected to extraction using polar/non-polar solvents. The highest extraction yield was obtained using chloroform:methanol (1:1 v/v) equal to 170 mg g−1 followed by ethanol (88 mg g−1) and hexane (61 mg g−1). In vitro examination of hexane extracts of Dunaliella salina demonstrated antibacterial activity against all tested bacteria. The hexane extract showed the highest amount of β-carotene with respect to the others, so it was selected for subsequent analyses. In vivo studies were also carried out using hexane extracts of D. salina against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato and Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum on young tomato plants and fruits of tomato and zucchini, respectively. The treated young tomato plants exhibited a reduction of 65.7% incidence and 77.0% severity of bacterial speck spot disease. Similarly, a reduction of soft rot symptoms was observed in treated tomato and zucchini fruits with a disease incidence of 5.3% and 12.6% with respect to 90.6% and 100%, respectively, for the positive control.

ACS Style

Alfredo Ambrico; Mario Trupo; Rosaria Magarelli; Roberto Balducchi; Angelo Ferraro; Evangelos Hristoforou; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra; Patrizia Casella; Antonio Molino. Effectiveness of Dunaliella salina Extracts against Bacillus subtilis and Bacterial Plant Pathogens. Pathogens 2020, 9, 613 .

AMA Style

Alfredo Ambrico, Mario Trupo, Rosaria Magarelli, Roberto Balducchi, Angelo Ferraro, Evangelos Hristoforou, Tiziana Marino, Dino Musmarra, Patrizia Casella, Antonio Molino. Effectiveness of Dunaliella salina Extracts against Bacillus subtilis and Bacterial Plant Pathogens. Pathogens. 2020; 9 (8):613.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alfredo Ambrico; Mario Trupo; Rosaria Magarelli; Roberto Balducchi; Angelo Ferraro; Evangelos Hristoforou; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra; Patrizia Casella; Antonio Molino. 2020. "Effectiveness of Dunaliella salina Extracts against Bacillus subtilis and Bacterial Plant Pathogens." Pathogens 9, no. 8: 613.

Journal article
Published: 30 May 2020 in Water
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Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) has been extensively studied for the Advanced Oxidation of organic compounds in wastewaters since it physically produces an oxidative environment at ambient conditions. This process is simple and economical since it can be realized through a properly designed restriction in a pipeline, even in retrofit solutions. Several experimental works individuated similar values of the optimal operating conditions, especially with regard to the inlet pressure. Up to now, the available modeling works rely on a single-bubble dynamics (SBD) approach and do not consider the actual process configuration and pollutant transport in proximity to the oxidizing environment. This work describes different experimental results (from this research group and others) and applies a novel mathematical model based on a transport-phenomena approach, able to directly simulate the effect of HC on the pollutant degradation. The novel proposed model is able to reproduce well a large number of experimental data obtained in different conditions, with different apparatus and different molecules, and allows to interconnect both SBD, fluid-dynamics, and physio-chemical variables in order to deeply study the interaction between the transport of pollutants and the reactive environment. This paper includes collection and discussion of several experimental results with the related main process parameters, description of the novel model and validation against the cited experimental results (to explain the effect of the operating pressure), sensitivity analysis, and the performance limit of the HC with the proposed modeling approach.

ACS Style

Mauro Capocelli; Carmen De Crescenzo; Despina Karatza; Amedeo Lancia; Dino Musmarra; Vincenzo Piemonte; Marina Prisciandaro. A Transport-Phenomena Approach to Model Hydrodynamic Cavitation of Organic Pollutants. Water 2020, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Mauro Capocelli, Carmen De Crescenzo, Despina Karatza, Amedeo Lancia, Dino Musmarra, Vincenzo Piemonte, Marina Prisciandaro. A Transport-Phenomena Approach to Model Hydrodynamic Cavitation of Organic Pollutants. Water. 2020; 12 (6):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mauro Capocelli; Carmen De Crescenzo; Despina Karatza; Amedeo Lancia; Dino Musmarra; Vincenzo Piemonte; Marina Prisciandaro. 2020. "A Transport-Phenomena Approach to Model Hydrodynamic Cavitation of Organic Pollutants." Water 12, no. 6: 1.

Journal article
Published: 13 May 2020 in Antioxidants
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Haematococcus pluvialis microalgae is a promising source of astaxanthin, an excellent antioxidant carotenoid. H. pluvialis, as well as other species, could find more extensive applications as healthy food for a variegated carotenoids composition in addition to astaxanthin. Official method has not currently been used for this purpose. The objective of this work was to propose a method to characterize carotenoids in H. pluvialis after the comparison between spectrophotometric and liquid chromatography analysis. In addition, in order to improve the use of astaxanthin in the food industry, thermal stability was investigated. In this context, the effect of temperature at 40–80 °C, over a 16 h storage period was tested on astaxanthin produced by H. pluvialis. A further test was carried out at room temperature (20 °C) for seven days. A decrease in the astaxanthin concentration was observed at all tested temperatures with a decrease >50% of all-trans isomer at 80 °C after 16 h and an increase of 9-cis and 13-cis isomers. In conclusion, the obtained results showed the importance of evaluating the degradation effect of temperature on astaxanthin used as a food additive for a future greater enhancement of this bioproduct in the food field.

ACS Style

Patrizia Casella; Angela Iovine; Sanjeet Mehariya; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra; Antonio Molino. Smart Method for Carotenoids Characterization in Haematococcus pluvialis Red Phase and Evaluation of Astaxanthin Thermal Stability. Antioxidants 2020, 9, 422 .

AMA Style

Patrizia Casella, Angela Iovine, Sanjeet Mehariya, Tiziana Marino, Dino Musmarra, Antonio Molino. Smart Method for Carotenoids Characterization in Haematococcus pluvialis Red Phase and Evaluation of Astaxanthin Thermal Stability. Antioxidants. 2020; 9 (5):422.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Patrizia Casella; Angela Iovine; Sanjeet Mehariya; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra; Antonio Molino. 2020. "Smart Method for Carotenoids Characterization in Haematococcus pluvialis Red Phase and Evaluation of Astaxanthin Thermal Stability." Antioxidants 9, no. 5: 422.

Journal article
Published: 15 April 2020 in Environments
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The molecular structure of a commercial sample of humic acids (HA) was investigated by membrane dialysis experiments (MD) and low-pressure size-exclusion chromatography (LP-SEC). MD showed that HA molecules were retained by dialysis membrane with a cut-off of 6–8 kDa, independently from HA concentration (15 or 150 mg L−1), NaHCO3 concentration (0.005–2.0 mol L−1), and from propan 2-ol (0–5 v/v %). SEC experiments at low pressure gave chromatograms with a broad peak, with an elution volume between those of the globular proteins bovine serum albumin (molecular weight = 66.5 kDa) and lysozyme from egg (molecular weight = 14.4 kDa). The pattern of the chromatogram did not vary with HA concentration, and second-run chromatograms of single eluted fractions showed relatively sharp peaks. From these data, we reveal that the commercial HA sample analysed has a macromolecular structure rather than being a supramolecular aggregate of relatively small molecules, as recently proposed for some samples of HA obtained from different sources.

ACS Style

Sante Capasso; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra; Pasquale Iovino. Macromolecular Structure of a Commercial Humic Acid Sample. Environments 2020, 7, 32 .

AMA Style

Sante Capasso, Simeone Chianese, Dino Musmarra, Pasquale Iovino. Macromolecular Structure of a Commercial Humic Acid Sample. Environments. 2020; 7 (4):32.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sante Capasso; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra; Pasquale Iovino. 2020. "Macromolecular Structure of a Commercial Humic Acid Sample." Environments 7, no. 4: 32.

Review
Published: 19 February 2020 in Molecules
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Humic acids (HA) are promising green materials for water and wastewater treatment. They show a strong ability to sorb cationic and hydrophobic organic pollutants. Cationic compounds interact mainly by electrostatic interaction with the deprotonated carboxylic groups of HA. Other functional groups of HA such as quinones, may form covalent bonds with aromatic ammines or similar organic compounds. Computational and experimental works show that the interaction of HA with hydrophobic organics is mainly due to π–π interactions, hydrophobic effect and hydrogen bonding. Several works report that sorbing efficiency is related to the hydrophobicity of the sorbate. Papers about the interaction between organic pollutants and humic acids dissolved in solution, in the solid state and adsorbed onto solid particles, like aluminosilicates and magnetic materials, are reviewed and discussed. A short discussion of the thermodynamics and kinetics of the sorption process, with indication of the main mistakes reported in literature, is also given.

ACS Style

Simeone Chianese; Angelo Fenti; Pasquale Iovino; Dino Musmarra; Stefano Salvestrini. Sorption of Organic Pollutants by Humic Acids: A Review. Molecules 2020, 25, 918 .

AMA Style

Simeone Chianese, Angelo Fenti, Pasquale Iovino, Dino Musmarra, Stefano Salvestrini. Sorption of Organic Pollutants by Humic Acids: A Review. Molecules. 2020; 25 (4):918.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simeone Chianese; Angelo Fenti; Pasquale Iovino; Dino Musmarra; Stefano Salvestrini. 2020. "Sorption of Organic Pollutants by Humic Acids: A Review." Molecules 25, no. 4: 918.

Journal article
Published: 22 July 2019 in Energies
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In this study, Scenedesmus almeriensis as green microalga was cultivated on bench-scale for carbon dioxide (CO2) capture and lutein production. The autotrophic cultivation of S. almeriensis was carried out by using a vertical bubble column photo-bioreactor (VBC-PBR) with a continuous flow of a gaseous mixture of oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and CO2, the latter in content of 0.0–3.0 %v/v. The liquid phase was batch. S. almeriensis growth was optimized. In addition, lutein extraction was carried out by using accelerated solvent extraction with ethanol as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) solvent at 67 °C and 10 MPa. Upon optimization of CO2 concentration, the maximum biomass productivity, equal to 129.24 mg·L−1·d−1, was achieved during the cultivation by using a content of CO2 equal to 3.0 %v/v and it allowed to obtain a lutein content of 8.54 mg·g−1, which was 5.6-fold higher in comparison to the analogous process carried out without CO2 addition. The ion chemical analysis in the growth medium showed that by gradually increasing CO2 content, the nutrient consumption during the growth phase also increased. This study may be of potential interest for lutein extraction at industrial scale, since it is focused on pigment production from a natural source with a concomitantly CO2 capture.

ACS Style

Antonio Molino; Sanjeet Mehariya; Despina Karatza; Simeone Chianese; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra. Bench-Scale Cultivation of Microalgae Scenedesmus almeriensis for CO2 Capture and Lutein Production. Energies 2019, 12, 2806 .

AMA Style

Antonio Molino, Sanjeet Mehariya, Despina Karatza, Simeone Chianese, Angela Iovine, Patrizia Casella, Tiziana Marino, Dino Musmarra. Bench-Scale Cultivation of Microalgae Scenedesmus almeriensis for CO2 Capture and Lutein Production. Energies. 2019; 12 (14):2806.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Molino; Sanjeet Mehariya; Despina Karatza; Simeone Chianese; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra. 2019. "Bench-Scale Cultivation of Microalgae Scenedesmus almeriensis for CO2 Capture and Lutein Production." Energies 12, no. 14: 2806.

Journal article
Published: 29 June 2019 in Molecules
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In this article, microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. was used for fatty acid (FA) extraction, using a supercritical fluid-carbon dioxide (SF-CO2) extraction method. This study investigated the influence of different pre-treatment conditions by varying the grinding speed (200–600 rpm), pre-treatment time (2.5–10 min), and mixing ratio of diatomaceous earth (DE) and Nannochloropsis sp. biomass (0.5–2.0 DE/biomass) on FAs extraction. In addition, the effect of different operating conditions, such as pressure (100–550 bar), temperature (50–75 °C), and CO2 flow rate (7.24 and 14.48 g/min) on eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) recovery, was analyzed. Experimental data evidenced that, keeping constant the extraction conditions, the pre-treatment step enhanced the FAs extraction yield up to 3.4 fold, thereby the maximum extracted amount of FAs (61.19 mg/g) was attained with the pre-treatment with a ratio of DE/biomass of 1 at 600 rpm for 5 min. Moreover, by increasing both SF-CO2 pressure and temperature, the selectivity towards EPA was enhanced, while intermediate pressure and lower pressure promoted DHA recovery. The highest amount of extracted EPA, i.e., 5.69 mg/g, corresponding to 15.59%, was obtained at 75 °C and 550 bar with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min, while the maximum amount of extracted DHA, i.e., ~0.12 mg/g, equal to 79.63%, was registered at 50 °C and 400 bar with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min. Moreover, the increased CO2 flow rate from 7.24 to 14.48 g/min enhanced both EPA and DHA recovery.

ACS Style

Gian Paolo Leone; Roberto Balducchi; Sanjeet Mehariya; Maria Martino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Despina Karatza; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra; Antonio Molino. Selective Extraction of ω-3 Fatty Acids from Nannochloropsis sp. Using Supercritical CO2 Extraction. Molecules 2019, 24, 2406 .

AMA Style

Gian Paolo Leone, Roberto Balducchi, Sanjeet Mehariya, Maria Martino, Vincenzo LaRocca, Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Angela Iovine, Patrizia Casella, Tiziana Marino, Despina Karatza, Simeone Chianese, Dino Musmarra, Antonio Molino. Selective Extraction of ω-3 Fatty Acids from Nannochloropsis sp. Using Supercritical CO2 Extraction. Molecules. 2019; 24 (13):2406.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gian Paolo Leone; Roberto Balducchi; Sanjeet Mehariya; Maria Martino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Despina Karatza; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra; Antonio Molino. 2019. "Selective Extraction of ω-3 Fatty Acids from Nannochloropsis sp. Using Supercritical CO2 Extraction." Molecules 24, no. 13: 2406.

Journal article
Published: 25 June 2019 in Water
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This paper proposes a combined management strategy for monitoring water distribution networks (WDNs). This strategy is based on the application of water network partitioning (WNP) for the creation of district metered areas (DMAs) and on the installation of sensors for water quality monitoring. The proposed methodology was tested on a real WDN, showing that boundary pipes, at which flowmeters are installed to monitor flow, are good candidate locations for sensor installation, when considered along with few other nodes detected through topological criteria on the partitioned WDN. The option of considering only these potential locations, instead of all WDN nodes, inside a multi-objective optimization process, helps in reducing the search space of possible solutions and, ultimately, the computational burden. The solutions obtained with the optimization are effective in reducing affected population and detection time in contamination scenarios, and in increasing detection likelihood and redundancy of the monitoring system. Last but most importantly, these solutions offer benefits in terms of management and costs. In fact, installing a sensor alongside the flowmeter present between two adjacent DMAs yields managerial advantages associated with the closeness of the two devices. Furthermore, economic benefits due to the possibility of sharing some electronical components for data acquisition, saving, and transmission are derived.

ACS Style

Carlo Ciaponi; Enrico Creaco; Armando Di Nardo; Michele Di Natale; Carlo Giudicianni; Dino Musmarra; Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso. Reducing Impacts of Contamination in Water Distribution Networks: A Combined Strategy Based on Network Partitioning and Installation of Water Quality Sensors. Water 2019, 11, 1315 .

AMA Style

Carlo Ciaponi, Enrico Creaco, Armando Di Nardo, Michele Di Natale, Carlo Giudicianni, Dino Musmarra, Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso. Reducing Impacts of Contamination in Water Distribution Networks: A Combined Strategy Based on Network Partitioning and Installation of Water Quality Sensors. Water. 2019; 11 (6):1315.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Carlo Ciaponi; Enrico Creaco; Armando Di Nardo; Michele Di Natale; Carlo Giudicianni; Dino Musmarra; Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso. 2019. "Reducing Impacts of Contamination in Water Distribution Networks: A Combined Strategy Based on Network Partitioning and Installation of Water Quality Sensors." Water 11, no. 6: 1315.

Journal article
Published: 04 April 2019 in Molecules
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Lutein has several benefits for human health, playing an important role in the prevention of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, amelioration of the first stages of atherosclerosis, and some types of cancer. In this work, the Scenedesmus almeriensis microalga was used as a natural source for the supercritical fluid (SF) extraction of lutein. For this purpose, the optimization of the main parameters affecting the extraction, such as biomass pre-treatment, temperature, pressure, and carbon dioxide (CO2) flow rate, was performed. In the first stage, the effect of mechanical pre-treatment (diatomaceous earth (DE) and biomass mixing in the range 0.25–1 DE/biomass; grinding speed varying between 0 and 600 rpm, and pre-treatment time changing from 2.5 to 10 min), was evaluated on lutein extraction efficiency. In the second stage, the influence of SF-CO2 extraction parameters such as pressure (25–55 MPa), temperature (50 and 65 °C), and CO2 flow rate (7.24 and 14.48 g/min) on lutein recovery and purity was investigated. The results demonstrated that by increasing temperature, pressure, and CO2 flow rate lutein recovery and purity were improved. The maximum lutein recovery (~98%) with purity of ~34% was achieved operating at 65 °C and 55 MPa with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min. Therefore, optimum conditions could be useful in food industries for lutein supplementation in food products.

ACS Style

Sanjeet Mehariya; Angela Iovine; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Vincenzo LaRocca; Maria Martino; Gian Paolo Leone; Patrizia Casella; Despina Karatza; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra; Antonio Molino. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from Scenedesmus almeriensis. Molecules 2019, 24, 1324 .

AMA Style

Sanjeet Mehariya, Angela Iovine, Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Vincenzo LaRocca, Maria Martino, Gian Paolo Leone, Patrizia Casella, Despina Karatza, Tiziana Marino, Dino Musmarra, Antonio Molino. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from Scenedesmus almeriensis. Molecules. 2019; 24 (7):1324.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sanjeet Mehariya; Angela Iovine; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Vincenzo LaRocca; Maria Martino; Gian Paolo Leone; Patrizia Casella; Despina Karatza; Tiziana Marino; Dino Musmarra; Antonio Molino. 2019. "Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Lutein from Scenedesmus almeriensis." Molecules 24, no. 7: 1324.

Journal article
Published: 22 February 2019 in Marine Drugs
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This research shows that carbon dioxide supercritical fluid (CO2-SF) is an emerging technology for the extraction of high interest compounds for applications in the manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, and cosmetics from microalgae. The purpose of this study is to recover fatty acids (FAs) and, more precisely, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) from Nannochloropsis gaditana biomass by CO2-SF extraction. In the paper, the effect of mechanical pre-treatment was evaluated with the aim of increasing FAs recovery. Extraction was performed at a pressure range of 250–550 bars and a CO2 flow rate of 7.24 and 14.48 g/min, while temperature was fixed at 50 or 65 °C. The effect of these parameters on the extraction yield was assessed at each extraction cycle, 20 min each, for a total extraction time of 100 min. Furthermore, the effect of biomass loading on EPA recovery was evaluated. The highest EPA extraction yield, i.e., 11.50 mg/g, corresponding to 27.4% EPA recovery, was obtained at 65 °C and 250 bars with a CO2 flow rate of 7.24 g/min and 1.0 g biomass loading. The increased CO2 flow rate from 7.24 to 14.48 g/min enhanced the cumulative EPA recovery at 250 bars. The purity of EPA could be improved by biomass loading of 2.01 g, even if recovery was reduced.

ACS Style

Antonio Molino; Maria Martino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Anna Spagnoletta; Tiziana Marino; Despina Karatza; Angela Iovine; Sanjeet Mehariya; Dino Musmarra. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Extraction from Nannochloropsis gaditana using Carbon Dioxide at Supercritical Conditions. Marine Drugs 2019, 17, 132 .

AMA Style

Antonio Molino, Maria Martino, Vincenzo LaRocca, Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Anna Spagnoletta, Tiziana Marino, Despina Karatza, Angela Iovine, Sanjeet Mehariya, Dino Musmarra. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Extraction from Nannochloropsis gaditana using Carbon Dioxide at Supercritical Conditions. Marine Drugs. 2019; 17 (2):132.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Molino; Maria Martino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Anna Spagnoletta; Tiziana Marino; Despina Karatza; Angela Iovine; Sanjeet Mehariya; Dino Musmarra. 2019. "Eicosapentaenoic Acid Extraction from Nannochloropsis gaditana using Carbon Dioxide at Supercritical Conditions." Marine Drugs 17, no. 2: 132.

Journal article
Published: 21 February 2019 in Molecules
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Microalgae Dunaliella salina contains useful molecules such as β-carotene and fatty acids (FAs), which are considered high value-added compounds. To extract these molecules, supercritical carbon dioxide was used at different operative conditions. The effects of mechanical pre-treatment (grinding speed at 0–600 rpm; pre-treatment time of 2.5–7.5 min) and operating parameters for extraction, such as biomass loading (2.45 and 7.53 g), pressure (100–550 bars), temperature (50–75 °C) and CO2 flow rate (7.24 and 14.48 g/min) by varying the extraction times (30–110 min) were evaluated. Results showed that the maximum cumulative recovery (25.48%) of β-carotene was achieved at 400 bars and 65 °C with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min, while the highest purity for stage (55.40%) was attained at 550 bars and 65 °C with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min. The maximum recovery of FAs, equal to 8.47 mg/g, was achieved at 550 bars and 75 °C with a CO2 flow rate of 14.48 g/min. Moreover, the lowest biomass loading (2.45 g) and the first extraction cycle (30 min) allowed the maximum extraction of β-carotene and FAs.

ACS Style

Antonio Molino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Maria Martino; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Despina Karatza; Dino Musmarra. Extraction of Bioactive Compounds Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Molecules 2019, 24, 782 .

AMA Style

Antonio Molino, Vincenzo LaRocca, Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Maria Martino, Patrizia Casella, Tiziana Marino, Despina Karatza, Dino Musmarra. Extraction of Bioactive Compounds Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Molecules. 2019; 24 (4):782.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Molino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Maria Martino; Patrizia Casella; Tiziana Marino; Despina Karatza; Dino Musmarra. 2019. "Extraction of Bioactive Compounds Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." Molecules 24, no. 4: 782.

Journal article
Published: 19 February 2019 in Chemical Engineering Journal
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In this paper, Triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol; TCS) photodegradation is studied by using a lab-scale experimental apparatus with a parametric variation study. Experiments were performed by using a lab view experimental set-up, consisting in a batch reactor (Petri dish) irradiated by UV-light at a wavelength of 254 nm and an UV dose of 400 mJ m−2. The effect of Triclosan initial concentration (TCS0), irradiated solution volume (V), solution initial pH (pH), nitrate anions (NO3−) and humic acids (HA) as a function of the irradiation time (0–60 min) is investigated, in order to study both direct photolysis and the combination of direct and indirect photolysis. Furthermore, TCS heterogeneous catalytic photolysis is studied when titanium dioxide (TiO2) is added to the experimental solution. The main obtained results have shown that TCS removal seems not to be significantly affected by TCS0 and V, while pH, NO3−, HA and TiO2 appear to be effective for TCS degradation; in particular, TCS photodegradation is enhanced by titanium dioxide. Finally, photo-oxidation by-product identification was performed, by determining 2,8-DCDD and 2,4-DCP as TCS photolysis reaction products, and a photoreaction pathway has been proposed, which allowed to assess TCS photolysis degradation rate constants, 2,8-DCDD and 2,4-DCP generation rate constants.

ACS Style

Pasquale Iovino; Simeone Chianese; Marina Prisciandaro; Dino Musmarra. Triclosan photolysis: operating condition study and photo-oxidation pathway. Chemical Engineering Journal 2019, 377, 121045 .

AMA Style

Pasquale Iovino, Simeone Chianese, Marina Prisciandaro, Dino Musmarra. Triclosan photolysis: operating condition study and photo-oxidation pathway. Chemical Engineering Journal. 2019; 377 ():121045.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pasquale Iovino; Simeone Chianese; Marina Prisciandaro; Dino Musmarra. 2019. "Triclosan photolysis: operating condition study and photo-oxidation pathway." Chemical Engineering Journal 377, no. : 121045.

Journal article
Published: 03 November 2018 in Marine Drugs
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Astaxanthin and lutein, antioxidants used in nutraceutics and cosmetics, can be extracted from several microalgal species. In this work, investigations on astaxanthin and lutein extraction from Haematococcus pluvialis (H. pluvialis) in the red phase were carried out by means of the supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) technique, in which CO2 supercritical fluid was used as the extracting solvent with ethanol as the co-solvent. The experimental activity was performed using a bench-scale reactor in semi-batch configuration with varying extraction times (20, 40, 60, and 80 min), temperatures (50, 65, and 80 °C) and pressures (100, 400, and 550 bar). Moreover, the performance of CO2 SFE with ethanol was compared to that without ethanol. The results show that the highest astaxanthin and lutein recoveries were found at 65 °C and 550 bar, with ~18.5 mg/g dry weight (~92%) astaxanthin and ~7.15 mg/g dry weight (~93%) lutein. The highest astaxanthin purity and the highest lutein purity were found at 80 °C and 400 bar, and at 65 °C and 550 bar, respectively.

ACS Style

Antonio Molino; Sanjeet Mehariya; Angela Iovine; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Maria Martino; Patrizia Casella; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra. Extraction of Astaxanthin and Lutein from Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis in the Red Phase Using CO2 Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology with Ethanol as Co-Solvent. Marine Drugs 2018, 16, 432 .

AMA Style

Antonio Molino, Sanjeet Mehariya, Angela Iovine, Vincenzo LaRocca, Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Maria Martino, Patrizia Casella, Simeone Chianese, Dino Musmarra. Extraction of Astaxanthin and Lutein from Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis in the Red Phase Using CO2 Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology with Ethanol as Co-Solvent. Marine Drugs. 2018; 16 (11):432.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Molino; Sanjeet Mehariya; Angela Iovine; Vincenzo LaRocca; Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Maria Martino; Patrizia Casella; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra. 2018. "Extraction of Astaxanthin and Lutein from Microalga Haematococcus pluvialis in the Red Phase Using CO2 Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology with Ethanol as Co-Solvent." Marine Drugs 16, no. 11: 432.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2018 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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The exploration of new food sources and natural products is the result of the increase in world population as well as the need for a healthier diet; in this context, microalgae are undoubtedly an interesting solution. With the intent to enhance their value in new commercial applications, this paper aims to characterize microalgae that have already been recognized as safe or authorized as additives for humans and animals (Chlorella vulgaris, Arthrospira platensis, Haematococcus pluvialis, Dunaliella salina) as well as those that have not yet been marketed (Scenedesmus almeriensis and Nannocholoropsis sp.). In this scope, the content of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, total dietary fiber, humidity, ash, and carotenoids has been measured via standard methods. In addition, individual carotenoids (beta-carotene, astaxanthin, and lutein) as well as individual saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids have been identified and quantified chromatographically. The results confirm the prerogative of some species to produce certain products such as carotenoids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and proteins, but also show how their cellular content is rich and diverse. H. pluvialis green and red phases, and Nannochloropsis sp., in addition to producing astaxanthin and omega-3, contain about 25–33% w/w proteins on a dry basis. D. salina is rich in beta-carotene (3.45% w/w on a dry basis), S. Almeriensis is a source of lutein (0.30% w/w on a dry basis), and the C. vulgaris species is a protein-based microalgae (45% w/w on a dry basis). All, however, can also produce important fatty acids such as palmitic acid, γ-linolenic acid, and oleic acid. Considering their varied composition, these microalgae can find applications in multiple sectors. This is true for microalgae already on the market as well as for promising new sources of bioproducts such as S. almeriensis and Nannochloropsis sp.

ACS Style

Antonio Molino; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Sanjeet Mehariya; Simeone Chianese; Antonietta Cerbone; Juri Rimauro; Dino Musmarra. Microalgae Characterization for Consolidated and New Application in Human Food, Animal Feed and Nutraceuticals. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018, 15, 2436 .

AMA Style

Antonio Molino, Angela Iovine, Patrizia Casella, Sanjeet Mehariya, Simeone Chianese, Antonietta Cerbone, Juri Rimauro, Dino Musmarra. Microalgae Characterization for Consolidated and New Application in Human Food, Animal Feed and Nutraceuticals. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2018; 15 (11):2436.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Antonio Molino; Angela Iovine; Patrizia Casella; Sanjeet Mehariya; Simeone Chianese; Antonietta Cerbone; Juri Rimauro; Dino Musmarra. 2018. "Microalgae Characterization for Consolidated and New Application in Human Food, Animal Feed and Nutraceuticals." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11: 2436.

Proceedings article
Published: 20 September 2018
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Smart cities are getting essential to drive economic growth, increase social prospects and improve high-quality lifestyle for citizens. To meet the goal of smart cities, Information and Communications Technology (ICT) have a key role. The application of smart solutions will allow the cities to use ICT and big data to improve infrastructure and services (i.e. network efficiency, protection from contamination, etc.). In the water sector, the integration of smart meters and sensors coupled with cloud computing and the paradigm of “divide and conquer” introduces a novel and smart management of the water network allowing an efficient online monitoring and transforming the traditional water networks into modern Smart WAter Networks (SWAN). The Ctrl+SWAN (Cloud Technologies & ReaL time monitoring+Smart WAter Network) Action Group (AG) was created within the European Innovation Partnership on Water, in order to promote innovation in the water sector by advancing existing smart solutions. The paper presents an update of a previous work on the state of the art on the best On-line Measuring Sensors (OMS) already available on the market and innovative technologies in the Research and Development (R&D) phases.

ACS Style

Armando Di Nardo; David Baquero Gonzalez; Tom Baur; Romeo Bernini; Sergio Bodini; Sante Capasso; Furio Cascetta; Francesca Castaldo; Michele Cocco; Philippe Cousin; Mario D'acunto; Romeo Di Leo; Bartolomeo Della Ventura; Anna Di Mauro; Michele Di Natale; Guido Di Virgilio; Marco Doveri; Bouabid El Mansouri; Roberto Germano; Carlo Giudicianni; Nicolas Giunta; Roberto Greco; Pasquale Iovino; Evina Katsou; Ralf Koenig; Chrysi Laspidou; Vincenzo Lisbino; Lisa Lupi; Eva Martínez Díaz; Dino Musmarra; Montse Mussons Olivella; Osvaldo Paleari; Jordi Raich; Fiona Regan; Manuel J. Rodriguez-Pinzon; José Manuel Rodriguez-Varela; Luca Sanfilippo; Jai Sankar Seelam; Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso; Dragan Savic; Andrea Scozzari; Francesco Soldovieri; Francesco Paolo Tuccinardi; Velitchko Tzatchkov; Lydia Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia; Martin Van Rijn; Raffaele Velotta; Salvatore Venticinque; Hans Wouters. On-line Measuring Sensors for Smart Water Network Monitoring. 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Armando Di Nardo, David Baquero Gonzalez, Tom Baur, Romeo Bernini, Sergio Bodini, Sante Capasso, Furio Cascetta, Francesca Castaldo, Michele Cocco, Philippe Cousin, Mario D'acunto, Romeo Di Leo, Bartolomeo Della Ventura, Anna Di Mauro, Michele Di Natale, Guido Di Virgilio, Marco Doveri, Bouabid El Mansouri, Roberto Germano, Carlo Giudicianni, Nicolas Giunta, Roberto Greco, Pasquale Iovino, Evina Katsou, Ralf Koenig, Chrysi Laspidou, Vincenzo Lisbino, Lisa Lupi, Eva Martínez Díaz, Dino Musmarra, Montse Mussons Olivella, Osvaldo Paleari, Jordi Raich, Fiona Regan, Manuel J. Rodriguez-Pinzon, José Manuel Rodriguez-Varela, Luca Sanfilippo, Jai Sankar Seelam, Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso, Dragan Savic, Andrea Scozzari, Francesco Soldovieri, Francesco Paolo Tuccinardi, Velitchko Tzatchkov, Lydia Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia, Martin Van Rijn, Raffaele Velotta, Salvatore Venticinque, Hans Wouters. On-line Measuring Sensors for Smart Water Network Monitoring. . 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Armando Di Nardo; David Baquero Gonzalez; Tom Baur; Romeo Bernini; Sergio Bodini; Sante Capasso; Furio Cascetta; Francesca Castaldo; Michele Cocco; Philippe Cousin; Mario D'acunto; Romeo Di Leo; Bartolomeo Della Ventura; Anna Di Mauro; Michele Di Natale; Guido Di Virgilio; Marco Doveri; Bouabid El Mansouri; Roberto Germano; Carlo Giudicianni; Nicolas Giunta; Roberto Greco; Pasquale Iovino; Evina Katsou; Ralf Koenig; Chrysi Laspidou; Vincenzo Lisbino; Lisa Lupi; Eva Martínez Díaz; Dino Musmarra; Montse Mussons Olivella; Osvaldo Paleari; Jordi Raich; Fiona Regan; Manuel J. Rodriguez-Pinzon; José Manuel Rodriguez-Varela; Luca Sanfilippo; Jai Sankar Seelam; Giovanni Francesco Santonastaso; Dragan Savic; Andrea Scozzari; Francesco Soldovieri; Francesco Paolo Tuccinardi; Velitchko Tzatchkov; Lydia Vamvakeridou-Lyroudia; Martin Van Rijn; Raffaele Velotta; Salvatore Venticinque; Hans Wouters. 2018. "On-line Measuring Sensors for Smart Water Network Monitoring." , no. : 1.

Evaluation study
Published: 13 September 2018 in Marine Drugs
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Haematococcus pluvialis microalgae in the red phase can produce significant amounts of astaxanthin, lutein, and fatty acids (FAs), which are valuable antioxidants in nutraceutics and cosmetics. Extraction of astaxanthin, lutein, and FAs from disrupted biomass of the H. pluvialis red phase using carbon dioxide (CO2) in supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) conditions was investigated using a bench-scale reactor in a semi-batch configuration. In particular, the effect of extraction time (20, 40, 60, 80, and 120 min), CO2 flow rate (3.62 and 14.48 g/min) temperature (50, 65, and 80 °C), and pressure (100, 400, and 550 bar.) was explored. The results show the maximum recovery of astaxanthin and lutein achieved were 98.6% and 52.3%, respectively, at 50 °C and 550 bars, while the maximum recovery of FAs attained was 93.2% at 65 °C and 550 bars.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Sanjeet Mehariya; Maria Martino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Patrizia Casella; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra; Roberto Balducchi; Antonio Molino. Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Astaxanthin, Lutein, and Fatty Acids from Haematococcus pluvialis Microalgae. Marine Drugs 2018, 16, 334 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Di Sanzo, Sanjeet Mehariya, Maria Martino, Vincenzo LaRocca, Patrizia Casella, Simeone Chianese, Dino Musmarra, Roberto Balducchi, Antonio Molino. Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Astaxanthin, Lutein, and Fatty Acids from Haematococcus pluvialis Microalgae. Marine Drugs. 2018; 16 (9):334.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Di Sanzo; Sanjeet Mehariya; Maria Martino; Vincenzo LaRocca; Patrizia Casella; Simeone Chianese; Dino Musmarra; Roberto Balducchi; Antonio Molino. 2018. "Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Astaxanthin, Lutein, and Fatty Acids from Haematococcus pluvialis Microalgae." Marine Drugs 16, no. 9: 334.