Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was used to characterize commercial cylindrical Li‐ion cells under different state‐of‐charge (SOC) conditions and up to 300 charge/discharge cycles to monitor state‐of‐health (SOH) status. The study included the effect of temperature to access better resolution of the time constants related to the redox reactions at the electrodes. The EIS in the 10 kHz–1 mHz frequency range allowed the elaboration of a comprehensive electrical equivalent that incorporated the geometry of the cell and the electrochemical processes occurring at the anode and cathode active material. The fitting procedure of the experimental EIS data to the equivalent circuit produced parameter values that can be used to assess the SOC and SOH of the cell. In the study example, early detection of cell degradation can be obtained using the evolution of Li ⁺ diffusion resistance through the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer.

Corrosion and scaling in metal pipelines are the major issues in the exploitation of geothermal sources. Geothermal fluids are complex mixtures consisting of dissolved gases and high-salinity solutions. This creates very aggressive environments primarily due to the high concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO₂), hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), chlorides, and other chemical species. Besides, the high temperature of the brines also increases corrosion rates, which can lead to failures related to stress and fatigue corrosion. On the other hand, reinjection of cooled brine exiting the heat exchanger favors the onset of scaling, since the chemicals dissolved in geothermal waters may tend to precipitate promoting inorganic depositions on the casing. Corrosion and scaling phenomena are difficult to detect visually or monitor continuously. Standard techniques based on pH, temperature pressure, electrical resistance measurements, chemistry composition, and physical properties are habitually applied as indirect methods for corrosion rate control. These methods, however, lack enough robustness for accurate and reliable measuring of the corrosion behavior of materials. To address this issue, a novel system has been proposed for the continuous monitoring of corrosion degradation caused by the effect of the geothermal brines. The present work aims to design, develop, and validate a dedicated electrochemical-based test system for online and onsite monitoring of the corrosion rate and scaling growth occurring on different materials exposed to real operating conditions. This system uses non-standard methods based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to obtain quantitative data related to the material quality. It can be used to track the condition of the pipeline, reducing the operation and maintenance (O&M) costs and shutdown times. By providing early corrosion rate data, this system allows the prediction of failures in critical units of the plant.

The growing need for efficient battery reuse and recycling requires rapid, reliable methods to assess the state of health (SoH) of lithium-ion cells. Conventional SoH estimation based on full charge–discharge cycling is slow, energy-intensive, and unsuitable for dismantled cells with unknown histories. This work presents an automated diagnostic approach using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) combined with Electrical Equivalent Circuit (EEC) modeling for fast, non-invasive SoH estimation. A correlation between fitted EIS parameters and cell degradation stages was established through controlled aging tests on NMC-based lithium-ion cells. The methodology was implemented in custom software (BaterurgIA) integrated into a robotic testing bench, enabling automatic EIS acquisition, data fitting, and SoH determination. The system achieves SoH estimation with 5–10% accuracy for cells in intermediate and advanced degradation stages, while additional parameters improve sensitivity during early aging. Compared to conventional cycling methods, the proposed approach reduces diagnostic time from hours to minutes, minimizes energy consumption, and offers predictive insights into internal degradation mechanisms. This enables fast and reliable cell grading for reuse, reconditioning, or recycling, supporting the development of scalable solutions for battery second-life applications and circular economy initiatives.

The growing need for efficient battery reuse and recycling requires rapid, reliable methods to assess the State of Health (SoH) of lithium-ion cells. Conventional SoH estimation based on full charge-discharge cycling is slow, energy-intensive, and unsuitable for dismantled cells with unknown histories. This work presents an automated diagnostic approach using Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) combined with Electrical Equivalent Circuit (EEC) modeling for fast, non-invasive SoH estimation. A correlation between fitted EIS parameters and cell degradation stages was established through controlled aging tests on NMC-based lithium-ion cells. The methodology was implemented in custom software (BaterurgIA) integrated into a robotic testing bench, enabling automatic EIS acquisition, data fitting, and SoH determination. The system achieves SoH estimation with 5–10% accuracy for cells in intermediate and advanced degradation stages, while additional parameters improve sensitivity during early aging. Compared to conventional cycling methods, the proposed approach reduces diagnostic time from hours to minutes, minimizes energy consumption, and offers predictive insights into internal degradation mechanisms. This enables fast and reliable cell grading for reuse, reconditioning, or recycling, supporting the development of scalable solutions for battery second-life applications and circular economy initiatives.

One of the major issues in the energy intensive industries (EIIs) operation is corrosion control. Particularly, in refineries, corrosion causes 33% of malfunctions, especially due to the deterioration of the metallic materials and, therefore, the shortening of the useful life of equipment and installations. To face this problem, novel polymer-derived ceramic (PDC) coatings have been formulated, developed and characterized by physical and chemical tests. Different formulations were analyzed on a lab-scale through accelerated corrosion tests under acidic environments using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to evaluate their corrosion performance when exposed to near-real operating conditions. The optimized formulation will be used as a barrier in stainless-steel pipelines to improve the energy performance of EIIs by reducing energy losses due to excess cooling of components, maximizing the thermal efficiency of equipment, increasing the service life of equipment and reducing operation and maintenance (O&M) costs and downtime.