This study reports the biochemical profile and in vitro biological activities of the aerial part of two shrubs: Halocnemum strobilaceum and Suaeda fruticosa, a halophytes species native to saline habitats. The biomass was evaluated by determining its physiological properties and approximate composition. Hydro-methanolic extracts from Halocnemum strobilaceum and Suaeda fruticosa have been investigated for the inhibition of bacterial growth, the protection of proteins (albumin) from denaturation, and cytotoxicity to hepatocellular carcinomas (Huh-7 and HepG2). Their antioxidant activity was evaluated by five tests, including one that examined their ability to inhibit hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂)-induced hemolysis. The profile of their phenolic compounds was also determined. These two euhalophytes had a high moisture content, high levels of photosynthetic pigments, elevated levels of ash and protein, low oxidative damage indices, MDA (Malondialdehyde) and proline, and low lipids levels. Their content was also characterized by a moderate acidity with good electrical conductivity. They contained abundant levels of phytochemicals and varied phenolic contents. Reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis revealed the presence of caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, rutin, and quercetin in both plant extracts. On the pharmaceutical level, the two euhalophytes had anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, and cytotoxic properties, and therefore it was recommended to isolate and identify biologically active compounds from these plants and evaluate them in vivo.

Lobularia libyca (L. libyca) is a traditional plant that is popular for its richness in phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The aim of this study was to comprehensively investigate the phytochemical profile by liquid chromatography, electrospray ionization and tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS), the mineral contents and the biological properties of L. libyca methanol extract. L. libyca contains significant amounts of phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Thirteen compounds classified as flavonoids were identified. L. libyca is rich in nutrients such as Na, Fe and Ca. Moreover, the methanol extract of L. libyca showed significant antioxidant activity without cytotoxic activity on HCT116 cells (human colon cancer cell line) and HepG2 cells (human hepatoma), showing an inhibition zone of 13 mm in diameter. In silico studies showed that decanoic acid ethyl ester exhibited the best fit in β-lactamase and DNA gyrase active sites; meanwhile, oleic acid showed the best fit in reductase binding sites. Thus, it can be concluded that L. libyca can serve as a beneficial nutraceutical agent, owing to its significant antioxidant and antibacterial potential and due to its richness in iron, calcium and potassium, which are essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

This study investigates vegetation ecology and rangeland degradation in the arid and desert regions of northeastern Algeria from 2015 to 2023, with predictions extending to 2031. Utilizing remote sensing techniques, specifically Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 imagery, and the Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), we mapped and analyzed changes in vegetation cover. The QGIS MOLUSCE plugin facilitated spatiotemporal analysis, revealing significant natural and anthropogenic impacts on a study area. Less degraded rangelands have also seen an increase, from 44,110,116 hectares in 2015 to 48,481,851 hectares in 2023, due to drought, overgrazing, and socioeconomic pressures. With a slight decrease to 48,450,495 hectares projected for 2031. This suggests efforts in land rehabilitation and sustainable rangeland management are yielding positive results, though there remains room for improvement. The study recorded that Agricultural croplands have experienced a slight decrease from 1,404,153 hectares in 2015 to 1,350,693 hectares in 2023. However, a modest increase to 1,587,242 hectares is projected by 2031. The findings indicate that Oases date palm areas have increased from 1,287,342 hectares in 2015 to 1,630,197 hectares in 2023, with further growth to 1,816,296 hectares anticipated by 2031. Our research highlights the critical role of remote sensing in monitoring vegetation dynamics within arid and desert ecosystems. The methodology provides a robust framework for similar studies, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing monitoring using advanced télédétection technologies. To mitigate further degradation and preserve these fragile ecosystems, the implementation of sustainable land management practices is essential.

A field experiment was conducted on a private farm in El Oued State of Algeria to study the efficiency of using Fertil Verde as a fertilizer by foliar spry on hot pepper seedlings. The treatment by Fertil Verde increased all growth. The increase was significant in the number of main and secondary stems, the size of the leaves, and the weight of the dry leaves. While, the weight of the wet leaves did not significantly increase. Moreover, the use of Fertil Verde has led to a significant increase in the yield qualities of the plant: the weight and shape of the fruits, fresh yield of the plant, the content of pigment, and the size of the plant. Thus, the combination of fertilizing is common and Fertil Verde is a promising low-cost option in the production of high yields.

The purpose of this study is to study the effect of heat treatment on the physiochemical characteristics of the honey sample of the plant retam taken from Oued Souf region for the season 2018 , In this we have studied the properties of ( acidity, Colour, hydroxy methyl forural (HMF), total phenols and flavonoids, anti-oxidant activity). based on the methods of the Spectrophotometer, After exposing equal amounts of honey to the frozen at -18c°, and heat at 50 °C, 70c° and 90C°, they heated them for a period of half hour and a period four and a half hours. The results show that all samples of different, which have been heated at different temperatures or freezing at -18 ° C over a period of time has differences between pH values at 4 and 1/2 hours, 30 minutes. its pH and ranged in value between ​​between (4.4 – 4.5) and (4.4 – 5.03), respectively. Besides, it was found that the more the temperatures get increased and the duration of heating, the more total acidity and color intensity increased, too. Where it reached The total acidity value at 90 c° in the heat for 4.5 hours (37.5) and 30 minutes (30)mg/kg. While the color intensity reached 136.96, 112.84, respectively. The results showed that heat or cooling treatment increased the hydroxy Mithil Fororal content ( 138.68;67mg/kg) and the content of secondary metabolites total phenols (530.5, 268.3 mg/kg)and flavonoids(32.2, 30.1mg/kg )as well as the antioxidant activity against the DPPH. Where the values of each of them respectively at 4.5 hours and 30 minutes. The degree and duration of heating affect the properties of honey. Any failure to ensure health quality.