Propolis, a natural bee-derived product rich in diverse phytochemicals with potential therapeutic benefits, remains underexplored in Algeria. This study investigated the molecular profile, antioxidant capacity, and antibacterial activity of propolis sourced from two bioclimatically distinct Algerian regions (humid subtropical Batna and hot desert Biskra) using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Significant regional variations were observed, with propolis extract 2 (PE2) exhibiting a higher bioactive content, including a constituent not previously reported in propolis. Antioxidant assays (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ferric reducing antioxidant power, and phenanthroline) demonstrated that PE2 consistently outperformed propolis extract 1 and the reference standards (DPPH IC₅₀: 27.74 µg/mL; FRAP: 5.16 µg/mL). Antibacterial testing demonstrated potent bactericidal effects, particularly for PE2, with minimum inhibitory concentration values equivalent to the minimum bactericidal concentrations required against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 (18.75 µg/mL) and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 (133 µg/mL). Molecular docking identified nine bioactive compounds with high KEAP1 binding affinity, with 1,3-O-caffeoyl-dihydrocaffeoylglycerol (first time reported in propolis) showing the strongest binding affinity (−11.02 Kcal/mol). In silico pharmacokinetic predictions further verified its drug-like properties. These findings suggest the tested Algerian propolis samples, as a source of natural alternative antioxidants and antimicrobials, provide a basis for future research in drug discovery and development.

He aim of our study is to assess the impact of agricultural inputs on the levels of heavy metals, specifically copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), in soil, water, and plants in the oasis of El Ghrous, Branis, and Sidi Okba in Algeria. The existence of perilous substances in the surroundings is a significant ecological issue, endangering both human well-being and agricultural output. The overuse of fertilizers and pesticides may be causing heavy metals build-up. The aim will be to highlight a better understanding of the concentrations of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), considering as detrimental contaminants, after extensive utilization of agricultural inputs. In order to examine the levels of trace metals (TMs), we performed additional tests by comparing field samples using metal analysis techniques that involved ammonium acetate and EDTA, and detection by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Our findings suggest that in soils affected by fertilizers and phytosanitary agents, the concentrations of Cu++ and Zn++ are below levels that would cause toxicity. Indeed, the levels of Cu++ are measured at 6.14 µg/g and the levels of Zn++ are measured at 4.97 µg/g. Nevertheless, the copper contents in irrigation waters from sites 01 and 02 beyond the levels that are considered dangerous. Similarly, copper levels in plants are categorized as hazardous. The findings emphasize the significance of implementing integrated pest management strategies in order to reduce the negative consequences of excessive use of agricultural inputs. Additionally, our study imposes the need to closely monitoring agricultural practices in order to mitigate environmental and public health hazards. Implementing sustainable farming practices and employing effective resource management strategies is crucial for safeguarding agricultural ecosystems and guaranteeing sustainable food production in the long run. Adopting an all-encompassing strategy is crucial for preserving the well-being of both the ecosystem and the populace.

The aim of this study is to investigate the Aphids diversity associated with the field and under greenhouse crops in an arid climate in southeastern Algeria (Biskra province). Using yellow basins for the insects sampling, a total of 6683 specimens of aphids were collected and identified into 33...

This study investigated cereal pests (wheat and barley) grown in southeastern Algeria's arid climate. Using three sampling techniques (yellow pan traps and Pitfall traps, a comprehensive collection of insect specimens was obtained, comprising 2526 individuals taxonomically classified into 20 distinct species, 15 genera, ten families, and six orders. Homoptera and according to quantitative analysis, Thysanoptera was the most dominant taxa, with six and four occurrences, respectively. In contrast, the dominant species were Mayetiola destructor (Say 1817) (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae) with 412 specimens, Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch 1856) (Homoptera, Aphididae) with 404 specimens then Oulema melanopa (Linné 1758) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) with 342 specimens. The observed and expected species richness diversity parameters were comparatively more significant in the cereal ecosystem cultivated in the El Outaya location than in the Sidi Okba location. (Kruskal–Wallis, df = 3, P = 0.019). The results obtained from the Generalised Linear Models (GLM) indicated a statistically significant variation in species richness across the different sites and crops (wheat and barley) (df = 3, Mean Square = 47.70, F = 3.58, P = 0.020).While there were very significant differences in the average number of individuals per species (N/S ratio) (df = 3, mean square = 22.08, F = 5.526, P = 0.002). Species richness extrapolation revealed that diversity is anticipated as the number of individuals captured increases, however, at a slower rate as the sampled population increases. The species distribution showed that some insect species are found at all phenological stages and all sampling sites.

This study investigates vegetation ecology and rangeland degradation in the arid and desert regions of northeastern Algeria from 2015 to 2023, with predictions extending to 2031. Utilizing remote sensing techniques, specifically Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 imagery, and the Modified Soil Adjusted Vegetation Index (MSAVI), we mapped and analyzed changes in vegetation cover. The QGIS MOLUSCE plugin facilitated spatiotemporal analysis, revealing significant natural and anthropogenic impacts on a study area. Less degraded rangelands have also seen an increase, from 44,110,116 hectares in 2015 to 48,481,851 hectares in 2023, due to drought, overgrazing, and socioeconomic pressures. With a slight decrease to 48,450,495 hectares projected for 2031. This suggests efforts in land rehabilitation and sustainable rangeland management are yielding positive results, though there remains room for improvement. The study recorded that Agricultural croplands have experienced a slight decrease from 1,404,153 hectares in 2015 to 1,350,693 hectares in 2023. However, a modest increase to 1,587,242 hectares is projected by 2031. The findings indicate that Oases date palm areas have increased from 1,287,342 hectares in 2015 to 1,630,197 hectares in 2023, with further growth to 1,816,296 hectares anticipated by 2031. Our research highlights the critical role of remote sensing in monitoring vegetation dynamics within arid and desert ecosystems. The methodology provides a robust framework for similar studies, emphasizing the necessity for ongoing monitoring using advanced télédétection technologies. To mitigate further degradation and preserve these fragile ecosystems, the implementation of sustainable land management practices is essential.

Poisonous spontaneous plants in South Algeria have long been used traditionally as medicinal remedies. This study examined the use of poisonous wild plants as traditional medicines in Biskra, highlighting their ecological diversity and environmental adaptations. Using a questionnaire survey containing 300 items was developed and distributed in the region. The survey shows that the majority of respondents (65%) are between 30 and 60 years old, with women (59%) being more involved than men (41%). Most live in the outskirts of Biskra (62%), university graduates (36%) are the most knowledgeable. Citrullus colocynthis, Ruta chalepensis, and Thapsia garganica were among the most commonly used plants in the region used to treat digestive (20%) and dermatological (20%) disorders. Leaves are most used (38%) administered orally (54%) with common preparations decoctions (33%) and powders (29%). Measured by handful (55%) by spoonful (25%) and by a pinch (20%). Digestive toxicity is most common (30%), followed by skin, nerve, and kidney effects (15%). Medicinal plants contain both beneficial and toxic compounds, making extracts promising yet risky. Proper identification, characterization, and quantification are essential for safe and effective use.