Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is a polyphagous insect of difficult control and maize is an important host crop of this insect. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are control agents of soil pests. This study aimed to verify the action of EPNs for the control of H. armigera pupae. Laboratory and greenhouse bioassays were conducted to select the concentration of nematode application and subsequently field test were conducted. It was obtained that Heterorhabditis amazonensis MC01 at the concentration of 400 infective juveniles (IJs) ·pupa-1 caused the highest mortality in a lower concentration, whereas for H. amazonensis JPM4, concentrations of both 200 and 400 IJs ·pupa-1 were similar causing pupae mortality. In the greenhouse, H. amazonensis MC01 caused mortality reached values of 80% after 10 days, at concentrations of 600 and 800 IJs ·pupa-1. The highest mortality caused by Steinernema carpocapsae was observed at eight days after the juvenile application, at a concentration of 600 IJs ·pupa-1, also reaching 80% mortality. In the field test, both forms of application were considered appropriate for H. amazonensis MC01, causing mortality rates of up to 80%.

Brazil is the largest coffee producer in the world. However, it has been a challenge to manage the main pest affecting the plant’s foliar part, the Coffee Leaf Miner (CLM) Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae). To mitigate this, remote sensing has been employed to spectrally characterize various stresses on coffee trees. This study establishes the groundwork for efficient pest detection by investigating the spectral characteristics of CLM infestation at different levels. This research aims to characterize the spectral signature of leaves at different CLM levels of infestation and identify the optimal spectral regions for discriminating these levels. To achieve this, hyperspectral reflectance measurements were made of healthy and infested leaves, and the classes of infested leaves were grouped into minimally, moderately, and severely infested. As the infestation level rises, the 700 nm region becomes increasingly suitable for distinguishing between infestation levels, with the visible region also proving significant, particularly during severe infestations. Reflectance thresholds established in this study provide a foundation for agronomic references related to CLM. These findings lay the essential groundwork for enhancing monitoring and early detection systems and underscore the value of terrestrial hyperspectral data for developing sustainable pest management strategies in coffee crops.