The serum uric acid-to-creatinine ratio (UCR) may be a simple method for assessing xanthine oxidase overactivation, which may contribute to an increase in serum uric acid production and oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the nonlinear association between the UCR and long-term mortality in patients with hypertension. Data were acquired from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, and a total of 11,346 patients with hypertension were included. We explored the nonlinear link between the UCR and all-cause mortality via spline smoothing, threshold saturation, and log-likelihood ratio tests. The results were validated through a competing risk model. A nonlinear pattern emerged between the UCR and all-cause mortality in hypertensive patients, with an inflection point at 4.3. Below this point, an increased UCR was associated with a decreased mortality risk (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.68–0.94, P = 0.008), whereas above this point, the risk increased (OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.07–1.36, P = 0.004). The competing risk model yielded similar findings for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease-related deaths. In patients with hypertension, the UCR nonlinearly predicted all-cause mortality, with a notable inflection at 4.3. These findings suggest that the UCR is a valuable prognostic indicator for assessing long-term outcomes in patients with hypertension.

Background: Consuming fruit provides health benefits. Reportedly, increased fruit consumption reduces the risks of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, existing studies have not clarified the effect of fruit consumption on mortality risk in patients with dyslipidemia. This study aimed to assess the correlation between the consumption of different types of fruits and all-cause mortality in patients with dyslipidemia.Methods: A total of 2,184 patients with dyslipidemia were included in this study, and trends in the correlation between the frequency of consumption of different types of fruits and the 10-year all-cause mortality risk in patients with dyslipidemia were analyzed by smoothed curve fitting, Cox regression, and Kaplan–Meier curve analysis. Subgroup analysis and interaction test were applied to analyze the stability of the effect of apple consumption on 10-year all-cause mortality in patients with dyslipidemia.Results: Smoothed curve fitting and Cox regression analyses revealed a significant reduction in the 10-year all-cause mortality risk in patients with dyslipidemia who consumed apples 3–4 times/week (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.43–0.87, p = 0.007) and in those who consumed bananas 3–4 times/week (HR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52–0.98, p = 0.039), with a more pronounced effect in patients who consumed both apples and bananas (HR = 0.55, 95% CI: 0.30–0.99, p = 0.045). Other fruits did not exhibit similar effects.Conclusion: Consuming apples or bananas 3–4 times/week significantly improved the 10-year survival rate in patients with dyslipidemia, and the effect was even more profound in patients who consumed both fruits.

This study aimed to investigate if the ratio of uric acid to albumin (UAR) correlates with all-cause mortality. Smooth curve fitting was employed to analyze the association between UAR and all-cause mortality; a threshold saturation effect model was utilized to identify the inflection point of UAR’s impact on all-cause mortality. Furthermore, the association between UAR and all-cause mortality from heart disease was assessed using a competing risks model. This study included 25,437 male participants and 27,090 female participants. Smooth curves fitting revealed a U-shaped relationship, demonstrating a distinct inflection point for UAR and all-cause mortality, with the inflection point for females appearing earlier than for males. Kaplan-Meier curves indicated a significantly elevated risk of death in the high UAR group (1.49 < UAR < 4.65) compared to the low UAR group (0 < UAR < 1.03). UAR emerges as a robust independent prognostic indicator for all-cause mortality and could serve as a readily accessible and valuable novel inflammatory marker for identifying high-risk patients.

Objective: Apple consumption has a positive effect on human health. Some studies have shown that an appropriate amount of apple intake can reduce the incidence of hypertension. However, few studies have investigated whether eating different forms of apples has the same benefits as eating whole apples. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of different forms of apple on all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension.Methods: The study included 2,368 patients with hypertension. All participants were followed up for at least 10 years. Cox regression model was constructed to analyze the correlation between apple, apple juice, and apple sauce consumption and all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension.Results: The consumption of apples 3–6 times/week was associated with a 48% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality in patients with hypertension (HR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.37–0.72, p < 0.001). However, the consumption of apple juice (HR = 1.02, 95% CI: 0.67–1.56, p = 0.930) and sauce (HR = 1.28, 95% CI: 0.59–2.74, p = 0.531) tended to increase the risk of death in patients with hypertension, although this study did not obtain a statistically result.Conclusion: Moderate consumption of whole apples is associated with a reduced risk of all-cause death in patients with hypertension, whereas apple juice and sauce may increase the risk of death.

Background: Although the hemoglobin-to-creatinine ratio (HCR) has been recognized as a predictor for various diseases, its prognostic value in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between HCR and all-cause mortality in general CAD patients using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Methods: A total of 3701 adult patients with CAD, which was identified through self-report in questionnaires, were included and followed for a mean of 79 months. The association between HCR and all-cause mortality was evaluated using smooth curve fitting, threshold effect analysis, and a competing risk regression model. Results: A nonlinear association was observed between HCR and all-cause mortality among CAD patients, characterized by an inflection point at 18.32. Below this threshold, each unit decrease in HCR was associated with a 6% reduction in all-cause mortality (HR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.92–0.97, p < 0.001). Above the inflection point, each unit increase in HCR corresponded to a 7% increase in mortality risk (HR =1.07, 95%CI: 1.02–1.12, p = 0.005). The competing risk model revealed a similar association between HCR and cardiac mortality. Conclusions: Utilizing data from the nationally representative NHANES database, this study identified a nonlinear correlation between HCR and all-cause mortality in a general population of patients with CAD. Specifically, mortality risk initially decreased and subsequently increased with rising HCR levels, highlighting the broad relevance of these findings to community-based CAD management.

To compare the effects of early angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) versus angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) therapy on left ventricular remodeling and heart failure progression in patients with acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. Patients were stratified by treatment into ARNI (n = 97) and ACEI/ARB (n = 71) groups. Baseline characteristics, cardiac ultrasound data (baseline, 0-3 months, 6-12 months), and major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) were analyzed. The ARNI group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and relative wall thickness versus the ACEI/ARB group. Subgroup analyses (target-dose achievers, emergency reperfusion recipients, left ventricular ejection fraction ≥50 % patients) consistently showed better improvements with ARNI. ARNI therapy also significantly reduced MACEs risk (HR = 0.392, 95 % CI: 0.194-0.791, P = 0.009). Compared with ACEI/ARB, ARNI demonstrated enhanced preservation of cardiac function, attenuation of adverse ventricular remodeling, and maintenance of ventricular geometry following myocardial infarction. Additionally, ARNI was associated with a reduction in major adverse cardiac events and improved survival outcomes.