People all across the world, especially in Vietnam, have been motivated to make online purchases since the COVID-19 pandemic, which started in early 2020. Despite the problematic developments of the COVID-19 pandemic throughout the 2020–2021 period, Vietnam has experienced a considerable increase in e-commerce, both in terms of users and revenue, contributing considerably to national economic growth. The purpose of this study is to examine how COVID-19 affects Vietnamese customers’ online purchasing decisions. We conducted a survey of 638 Vietnamese internet shoppers for this, and the results were analyzed using SPSS. The results show that attitudes, perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and subjective norms all positively and significantly impact customer purchase intention. The desire to make an online purchase, however, is negatively and negligibly impacted by perceived risk. Online purchasing behavior is positively influenced by the intention to buy online. The perceived risk of the COVID-19, in particular, significantly modifies the relationship between perceived usefulness and perceived usability and online shopping intention, but only marginally modifies the relationship between attitude, subjective norms, and perceived risk and online purchase intention. Using a combined Theory of Acceptance Model (TAM) and Theory of Planned Behaviors (TPB) model with COVID-19 as an external model variable, the study adds to the body of knowledge by providing empirical findings.

Countries around the world are taking further steps toward transparency and corporate sustainability. Environmental, social, and governance (ESG) reporting will be required for all firms listed on European exchanges as of 2026 according to the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive. Meanwhile, the companies’ rate in Vietnam reporting and disclosing ESG information is still limited. There is an empirical gap between the theory and practices of ESG reporting in Vietnam. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the determinants affecting the readiness for ESG reporting in Vietnamese enterprises. Survey questionnaires and quantitative analysis are employed based on the structural models using SmartPLS4 software to analyze the sample of 169 manufacturing, commercial, and service enterprises in Vietnam. The findings show that accountant qualifications, management processes, women on management boards, and information technology systems positively affect Vietnamese firms’ readiness to report ESG. The relationship between business executives’ ESG awareness, public media pressure, governmental guidelines, and the readiness for ESG reporting is not statistically supported. Based on the research results, Vietnamese enterprises should increase women’s participation on management boards, facilitate professional development and training for accountants, invest in information technology systems, and improve management processes to enhance the adoption of ESG reporting in Vietnam.

The global business landscape has seen a growing necessity for companies to implement and disclose environmental, social, and governance (ESG) information (AlHares et al., 2023). Driven by the expectations of investors and society, companies find themselves obligated to publish ESG reports. Therefore, this study focuses on exploring the impact of ESG information on the investment decisions made by individual investors in Vietnamese stock markets. By employing the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and conducting a comprehensive survey, coupled with logistic regression analysis on a sample of 232 individual investors, our research uncovers a significant influence of ESG information on the stock decision-making process of these investors. Notably, our findings reveal that investors place greater emphasis on governance (G) information compared to social (S) and environmental (E) information when making investment decisions. This trend aligns with the conclusions drawn by Sultana et al. (2018) and Mehwish et al. (2022) but diverges from the findings of Rounok et al. (2023). These findings are poised to catalyze the disclosure of ESG reports among listed companies. They also impel policymakers to craft and implement policies actively promoting ESG reporting. Such initiatives will likely foster increased interest and bolster investments in companies adhering to ESG criteria, particularly among individual investors in emerging stock markets.

This paper presents results on species composition and distribution of marine algae at 6 transects of Con Co islands in May 2020. The result of studies shows that 95 species of marine algae are recorded in the study area, belonging to four divisions: Cyanophytes, Rhodophytes, Ochrophytes and Chlorophytes. Among them, five (5) species are classified into Cyanophytes (comprising 5.3% of total species); forty one (41) species into Rhodophytes (43.1%); twenty-nine (29) species into Ochrophytes/Phaeophytes (30.5%) and twenty (20) species into Chlorophytes (21.1%). The species composition of marine algae in Con Co shows significant differences as follows: 48 species (transect number I) to 72 species (transect number IV) and the average value is 60.7 species per transect. Sørensen similarity coefficient fluctuates from 0.56 (transects number I and II) to 0.81 (transects number II and IV, number III and IV) and the average value is 0.70. The current investigations show that twenty-two (22) species are distributed the littoral zone (22.9% of total species) only and thirty-seven (37) species in the sub-littoral zone only. In which there are thirty six (36) species distributed in both littoral zone and sub-littoral zone (44.8%). The algal flora in Con Co is characterized by subtropics.

Along with the development of the Internet and digital technologies, online shopping is becoming more and more popular worldwide in recent years. It is worth noting that online shopping has been increasingly noticeable by consumers in the half of 2020, since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. Amidst the complicated developments of the COVID-19 pandemic over the past year, Vietnam has seen strong growth in online shopping in terms of the number of online shopping users and purchase revenue, contributing significantly to national economic growth. However, up until now, there are not many studies on the online shopping behavior of Vietnamese customers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, this paper aims to review existing studies of online shopping behavior and then propose an integrative model to understanding consumer behavior commendations towards online shopping, help companies deal with similar situations in the future.

Purpose: This article aims to clarify the current situation and the factors influencing the early stages of applying environmental, social, and governance (ESG) in the Vietnamese economy. Design/methodology/approach: We employed a large-scale survey with 130 responses from November 2023 to January 2024 and statistics analysis using SPSS 26.0. Findings: We found that awareness of leaders, accountants' levels, pressure on ESG, state guidance, management process, information base, and women on boards, respectively, influence the early stages of applying environmental, social, and governance in Vietnamese enterprises. Research, Practical & Social Implications: This study illuminates the factors that influence the early stages of ESG performance in Vietnam, an emerging Asian economy. The findings highlight the crucial role of leaders' awareness and accountants’ levels in this process. This understanding can guide the country's leaders and policymakers in formulating strategies to promote ESG adoption for the sustainable development of the whole economy. Originality/value: This study stands out for its originality. It comprehensively analyzes the early period of ESG adoption in an emerging Asian country, particularly Vietnam. Its findings offer objective evidence to understand the situation and impacted factors on ESG application, aiding governments and related parties in formulating appropriate policies for sustainable development with ESG.