The racial and ethnic disparities in tooth morphology and alignment indicate the need for different orthodontic prescriptions. This study aimed at utilizing the 3D digital models to measure the teeth prominence of Saudi adults and compare the results to previously published data. The sample included 60 sets of 3D digital dental models of subjects who presented with non-orthodontic normal occlusion and balanced profile. Rhinoceros™ 3D modeling software was used to mark the midpoint of the clinical crown (LA) and the embrasure line and then to measure the prominence of the teeth. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS (IBM SPSS Inc., version 20, Chicago, IL, USA). The mean and SD scores were obtained for each measurement. Independent t-test, paired t-test, and student t-test were used for the comparison at a significant level of P ≤ 0.05. Comparison between the right and the left sides, and between the male and female showed no significant differences, and hence the result data were combined. However, further comparison with the published data of the North American whites, Japanese, Indian, African and Italian showed significant differences in most of the teeth. Racial differences influence the teeth prominence values that should be considered in presenting orthodontic bracket prescriptions. More research in this field is needed.

Background and Objectives: Gingival recession (GR) is a recognized periodontal condition that can expose the tooth root, imposing aesthetic, functional, and hypersensitivity concerns. We conducted this study to investigate xenogenic soft tissue substitutes as potential alternatives to the gold standard connective tissue graft (CTG) for the treatment of multiple GR. Materials and Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library was conducted until October 2025 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing connective tissue graft (CTG) to xenogeneic substitutes (XCM or P-XADM) for treating multiple gingival recessions. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the RoB 2 tool, 2019 version. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate mean differences (MD) and risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for primary (mean root coverage, MRC; complete root coverage, CRC) and secondary outcomes (clinical attachment level, CAL; keratinized tissue width, KTW; gingival thickness, GT; probing depth, PD). Results: Sixteen RCTs (632 patients, 1878 recessions) were included. At 6 and 12 months, CTG demonstrated a significantly greater MRC than both XCM (MD −13.4% and −11.05%) and P-XADM (MD −11.63% at 12 months). CTG was also superior to XCM in achieving CRC at 6 months (RR = 0.71, 95% CI [0.62 to 0.82]). For secondary outcomes, CTG showed superior gains in CAL and KTW at 12 months compared with both xenogeneic materials. GT was significantly greater in the CTG than in the XCM group in 12 months. No significant differences were found in PD at all time points. Conclusions: CTG continues to have superior clinical outcomes in the treatment of multiple GR. However, xenogenic materials are a promising alternative, particularly when patient comfort and satisfaction are prioritized. Future well-designed trials with larger sample sizes and standardized outcomes are needed to validate their clinical benefits and long-term stability.

To compare orthodontic bracket failure rates with and without primer in patients undergoing fixed appliances treatment. This split-mouth randomized controlled trial was conducted on 42 participants. Diagonal quadrants were randomly assigned to either the primer (control) or non-primer (experimental) group. Allocation was concealed in opaque envelopes and revealed at the time of intervention. Both genders, aged 12–30 years, and visiting for the management of malocclusion were included. Patients with dental anomalies, caries, or restorations were excluded. The direct bonding technique was used for the placement of conventional metallic brackets. Participants were followed up for six months, with monthly visits, and bracket failure within each group was recorded. Generalized estimating equation logistic regression was used to account for clustering of multiple attachments within participants and to estimate odds ratios. A total of 42 participants contributing 840 orthodontic attachments were analyzed over six months. Mean age was 17.81 ± 4.09 years, and 52.4% were female. Monthly attachment failure rates were low in both groups, ranging from 3.8% to 4.3% in the primer group and 3.6% to 6.0% in the non-primer group, with no significant unadjusted differences at any month. In multivariable generalized estimating equation analysis, bonding method was not significantly associated with attachment failure (non-primer vs primer: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 0.72–2.13; p = 0.435). Male participants (OR = 2.31, 95% CI = 1.28–4.18; p = 0.005) and those aged ≤ 17 years (OR = 2.18, 95% CI = 1.22–3.91; p = 0.008) had significantly higher odds of failure. Failure risk declined modestly over time (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.92–0.99; p = 0.028). No significant interaction effects were observed. Over a six-month follow-up period, omission of primer did not significantly increase orthodontic bracket failure rates. Male participants and younger patients showed a higher risk of bracket failure, irrespective of bonding method.

This in vitro investigation evaluated the marginal fit of three pressable glass-ceramic onlay materials: a conventional monolithic lithium disilicate (IPS e.max Press, EM, ivoclar vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) and two zirconia-reinforced glass-ceramics (Vita Ambria, VA, VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany; Celtra Press, CP, Sirona Dentsply, Milford, CT, USA). A typodont maxillary first premolar was prepared for an intensive onlay design by a single operator using a milling surveyor. The master die was duplicated with silicone impressions to create 72 identical epoxy resin dies. Seventy-two onlays (n = 24 per material) were fabricated and adhesively cemented to their respective dies. Vertical marginal gaps were recorded under a stereo-electron microscope before and after thermomechanical loading (TML) in a chewing simulator. Data were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc tests for intergroup comparisons and paired t-tests for pre- versus post-TML values. All groups showed a significant increase in marginal gap following TML. VA exhibited mean gaps of 46.41 µm before and 57.28 µm after loading (p = 0.001). EM demonstrated 41.16 µm before and 46.63 µm after TML (p = 0.002). CP showed 45.70 µm before and 55.99 µm after TML (p = 0.003). Among the three materials, EM maintained the most accurate marginal adaptation both before and after simulated chewing. Despite the increases, all post-loading values remained within the clinically acceptable threshold for marginal discrepancy. These findings indicated that thermomechanical fatigue adversely affected the marginal integrity of pressable glass-ceramic onlays, including zirconia-reinforced formulations. Nevertheless, zirconia-reinforced ceramics (VA and CP) achieved marginal gaps comparable to conventional lithium disilicate and remained within acceptable clinical limits. IPS e.max Press provided the best overall fit, suggesting it may offer superior long-term marginal stability for onlay restorations.

Objective: To compare the alignment efficiency, arch dimensional changes, and passive extraction space closure between between self‐ligating brackets (SLBs) and conventional brackets (CBs). Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled trial on 70 participants (13–30 years) with moderate to severe crowding, skeletal Class I or mild to moderate Class II malocclusions, all requiring premolar extractions, who were randomly assigned to CB ( n = 35) or SLB ( n = 35) groups. Baseline age, gender, crowding, and malocclusion type were recorded. Standardized 0.022‐inch MBT brackets were bonded, with alignment started using 0.014‐inch nickel‐titanium (NiTi) archwires and monthly follow‐ups. Outcomes—Little’s Irregularity Index, intercanine and intermolar widths, and passive extraction space closure—were measured on blinded casts at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months using digital calipers, with no active space‐closing auxiliaries. Data were analyzed using linear mixed‐effects models with repeated measures and covariates; regression coefficients with 95% CIs were reported, and p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Over the 9‐month observation period, both groups showed substantial improvement in alignment. SLBs demonstrated faster early alignment, with greater reductions in Little’s Irregularity Index at 3 months in both arches (maxilla: β = −0.91, p < 0.001; mandible: β = −0.60, p = 0.009), and in the maxilla at 6 months (β = −0.66, p = 0.005). Intercanine width increased in both groups, but expansion was consistently smaller with SLBs (β = −1.36 to −1.69 mm; all p < 0.001). In contrast, intermolar width was greater with SLBs throughout follow‐up in both arches (maxilla: β = 2.34–2.77 mm; mandible: β = 2.06–2.34 mm; all p < 0.001). Passive extraction space closure decreased significantly over time in both groups, with no significant effect of bracket type. Conclusion: SLBs showed smaller increases in intercanine width, greater intermolar expansion, and faster early alignment. However, passive space closure was similar between groups. Differences were modest and may have limited clinical significance. Trial Registration : Retrospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07503314)