Juniperus drupacea fruit is widely used in traditional and complementary medicine in Turkey for the treatment of different diseases in various forms such as molasses and tar. This study was carried out to evaluate the phenolic compounds, organic acid, sugar, and macro‐ and micromineral distributions of methanol and water extracts of J. drupace fruit, as well as their antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. For this purpose, total phenolic content by spectrophotometer, phenolics, organic acids, and sugars distributions by HPLC in extracts of J. drupacea fruits, and macro‐ and micromineral element content by ICP‐AES in fruit were determined. 2,2‐diphenyl‐l‐picrylhydrazyl assay (DPPH assay) was used to evaluate in vitro antioxidant activity in extracts. The antimicrobial potential of J. drupacea fruit methanol extract against some gram‐positive and gram‐negative pathogenic bacteria was evaluated using disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. The potassium macroelement and the iron microelement were found at high content in J. drupacea fruit. The total phenolic content in the methanol extracts was higher than the water extracts. Among the individual phenolic compounds, catechin, a flavonoid that was the highest in both extractions, was determined as 300.49 μg/g in methanol extract and 314.88 μg/g in water extract. DPPH scavenging activity was higher in methanol extracts. While the methanol extract of J. drupacea had no‐inhibitory effect on the gram‐negative bacteria tested, it exhibited a strong inhibition on the gram‐positive bacteria Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus carnosus, and Enterococcus faecalis.

Aquilaria agallocha is an economically valuable plant facing endangerment, sought after globally for its production of agarwood. A. agallocha tree possesses medicinal and aromatic properties in its fruits, branches, leaves, wood, and roots, which are being studied for their effective compounds and their potential bioactive effects on human health. This study aimed to uncover the phytochemical properties and biological activities of A. agallocha roots, which possess medicinal and aromatic characteristics. The phenolic, organic acid, and sugar profiles of A. agallocha roots were determined using HPLC-DAD, while mineral distributions were analyzed via ICP-AES. In vitro antioxidant capacity was assessed using the 2,2-diphenyl- 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Furthermore, the antibacterial effects of methanol extracts of A. agalocha roots against S. aureus, S. carnosus, B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, E. coli, L. innocua, K. pneumoniae, and E. faecalis were estimated with disc diffusion and MIC methods. The amount of total phenolic and in vitro DPPH radical scavenging capacity of A. agalocha roots were determined as 7.529 mg GAE/g and 18.83 µmol TE/g, respectively. Eight phenolic components were detected in the extracts of A. agalocha roots. The most dominant among these phenolic compounds detected was tannic acid, which was followed by 4-hydrobenzoic acid and oleuropein, respectively. In the aqueous extracts of A. agalocha roots, four organic acids were identified, including citric, tartaric, malic and succinic acid, and succinic acid was the most dominant organic acid. Only fructose sugar was detected in the water extracts of A. agalocha roots. The extracts of A. agalocha roots had a strong antibacterial effect against all gram-positive pathogens except for S. carnosus, but did not have any effect against gram-negative bacteria.

Many plants such as Dracaena cinnabari have been used in traditional medicine since ancient times due to their including bioactive compounds such as phenolic compounds, tocopherols, and organic acids. The aim of present study is to determine the presence and diversity of bioactive components such as phenolic, organic acids and tocopherols of Dracaena cinnabari resin extracts, and to reveal which solvents can be effective in the extraction of these components and to what extent. Methanol, ethanol, chloroform, water, and vinegar were used in extraction of Dracaena cinnabari resin. The widest diversity was obtained with vinegar for organic acids, methanol for tocopherols, and methanol solvent for phenolic compounds. Fourteen phenolic compounds, four tocopherols and ten organic acids were detected in Dracaena cinnabari resin extracts, the most abundant phenolic was apigenin, while the most tocopherol was ?-tocopherol. Dracaena cinnabari resin extracts appear to be rich in apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin and rutin flavonoids.

Yemişen, diğer adı ile kırmızı alıç (Crataegus spp.) Rosaceae familyasına ait bir bitki olup Dünya’da ılıman iklime sahip Asya, Avrupa ve Kuzey Amerika’nın farklı bölgelerinde yetişmekte ve aynı zamanda Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinde de yayılım göstermektedir. Meyveleri beğenilerek tüketilmekle birlikte bitkinin yaprak ve sapları, fenolik asitler ve flavonoidler gibi antioksidan biyoaktif bileşenlerce oldukça zengindir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinden temin edilen iki farklı yemişen türünün fitokimyasal ve antioksidan özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Crataegus monogyna Jacq. Ve Crataegus laevigata (Poir.) DC. Yemişen türlerine ait meyve, pulp, çekirdek ve saplarında toplam fenolik madde (TFM) içeriği ve DPPH radikal süpürme aktivitesi, organik asit ve şeker profili ve mineral dağılımları belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, en bol bulunan makro-mineral K, mikro-mineral Fe, hâkim asit malik asit ve baskın şeker fruktoz olarak belirlenmiştir. Her iki kırmızı alıç türünde de meyve pulplarının TFM bakımından zengin olduğu ve meyvenin saplarının ise daha yüksek antioksidan kapasiteye sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Ligustrum (Oleaceae) Avrupa ve Asya'da geleneksel Çin tıbbında uzun bir kullanım geçmişine sahiptir. Birkaç Ligustrum türünün yapraklarından üretilen bir infüzyon, geleneksel olarak halk hekimliğinde orofaringeal inflamasyona, hipertansiyona, baş ağrısına veya diyabete karşı kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Ligustrum vulgare meyve ve yapraklarının metanol ekstraktlarının toplam fenolik, makro ve mikromineral dağılımları ve in vitro antioksidan ve antibakteriyel potansiyellerini değerlendirmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla, Ligustrum vulgare meyve ve yaprak ekstraktlarında spektrofotometre ile toplam fenolik içerik, ICP-AES ile makro- ve mikro-mineral içerikleri, ekstraktlardaki in vitro antioksidan kapasite ise 2,2-difenil-1-pikrilhidrazil analizi (DPPH analizi) ile belirlendi. Ligustrum vulgare meyve ekstraktlarının Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus carnosus, Bacillus cereus ve Enterococcus faecalis Gram-pozitif ve Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae Gram-negatif patojen bakterilere karşı antimikrobiyal potansiyeli, disk difüzyon ve minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MIC) yöntemleri kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Ligustrum vulgare meyvesinde tespit edilen makro-mineralerden potasyum ve mikro-minerallerden demir en yüksek miktarda bulunmuştur. Ligustrum vulgare yaprağının metanol ekstraktlarında DPPH radikal süpürme kapasitesi meyvelerdekine göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Ligustrum vulgare meyvesi metanol ekstraktının test edilen gram negatif bakteriler üzerinde hiçbir engelleyici etkiye sahip olmasa da gram pozitif bakterilerden Listeria innocua, Listeria monocytogenes üzerinde güçlü bir engelleme sergilemiştir.