With the increasing demand for automation in agriculture, more and more researchers are exploring the application of digital twin in agricultural production. However, existing studies have predominantly focused on enhancing resource utilization efficiency and improving irrigation control systems in agricultural production through the implementation of digital twins. Unfortunately, there is a noticeable research gap when it comes to applying digital twins specifically to buried water conveyance pipelines within an agricultural irrigation infrastructure. Focusing on the long-term performance requirements of buried pipelines in agricultural irrigation and drainage, this study established a digital twin system for the industry of axial hollow-wall pipes with an outer diameter of 200 mm, specifically designed for this field of operation. The system was used to optimize the end-forming process of axial hollow-wall pipes, resulting in improved leak tightness under internal pressure and angular deflection of the pipes. The study suggests that the most effective method for the end-forming process of axial hollow-wall pipes is to heat the pipe for 60 s at the ambient temperature of 15 °C, with heating temperatures of 225 °C on both the inner and outer sides. Additionally, preheating the stamping equipment to 70 °C and controlling the cooling temperature, during pipe detachment, to between 35 °C and 45 °C is recommended. In terms of the leak tightness under internal pressure and angular deviation, the study found that increasing the thickness of the protruding end of the sealing ring to 16 mm, and shortening the chamfer length to 20 mm, while maintaining the same slope, can enhance the sealing effectiveness of the pipeline interface. The implementation of the digital twin system improves the production efficiency of the hollow pipe production line during the end-forming process, resulting in a yield rate of the pipe of up to 95% for qualified products. Moreover, the system provides intelligent closed-loop feedback which ensures the long-term operation and maintenance of the pipelines, making it easier to identify problems and implement design improvements. By doing so, it contributes to ensuring the long-term stability of related agricultural production.

The metrological performance of FBG strain sensing systems is a critical premise for the precision of plastics water support pipeline structural deformation measurement, but the strain transfer loss of FBG attached on the plastics pipe subjected by dynamic force is unclear. This paper presents the first study on the effects of strain transfer between FBG, and acrylate polymer blended with poly resin (ABR)pipe sheets loaded by static and dynamic force. Theoretical methods of dynamic strain transfer theory combine with the exponentially decaying sinusoidal shock force time course is deduced and various dynamic parameters sensitivities studies are carried out, as well as that of the geometric parameters. The result of the dynamic theory is compared with the calibration test outcomes, while the ASTR of FBG attached on ABR sheet is compared with distributed optical fiber sensors (DOFS) and other pipe materials such as PVC, concrete, and steel. Results show that the ASTR of FBG is more accurate than that of the DOFS, and the grows of ASTR depending on the paste length of FBG, the Young's modulus of the middle materials, the thickness of the middle materials and attenuation coefficient. Paste length produced the largest increase, yet the magnitude and loading speed of the external force has unexpectedly little effect on ASTR. FBG seem low error, insensitive with dynamic force and independent with the material of matrix, and this demonstrates benefits that are stronger across the board than DOFS. This is not currently recognized by standards or by most reported studies.