A pot experiment with carrot (Daucus Carota L.) was conducted aiming to investigate some soil properties, growth and heavy metal uptake by carrot with the application of sewage sludge. The treatments used were as T₁ Control (Soil only), T₂ (Soil + NPK), T₃ (Soil 50% and sewage sludge 50%), T₄ (Soil 60% + sewage sludge 40%), T₅ (Soil 70% + sewage sludge 30%) and T₆ (100% Sewage sludge). The results showed that sewage sludge application significantly influenced soil pH, organic matter (OM), electrical conductivity (EC), exchangeable potassium (K) and available phosphorus (P). Heavy metals like lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) content in soil and plant were increased due to the application of sewage sludge. Heavy metal content in soils for different sludge treatments was lower and that in carrot samples was higher than the WHO/FAO permissible limit. The carrot was recognized by a translocation factor <1.0 for all of the heavy metals except Cd. Plant heavy metal concentrations were positively correlated with the soil organic matter content and negatively correlated with soil pH. The growth of carrot was influenced positively with sewage sludge application. Maximum fresh weight (66.3 g plant^-1) was recorded in T₅ treatment, and maximum dry weight (5.61 g plant^-1) was in T₃ treatment. The soil application of sludge improves soil fertility and enhances the better yield of carrot. Moreover, sewage sludge could be co-recycled to take simultaneously the best profit and minimize environmental pollution.

A wildfire, an unplanned fire that is mainly uncontrolled and originates in combustible vegetation in rural or urban settings, is one of the most pervasive natural catastrophes in some areas, such as Siberia, California and Australia. Many studies, such as standard reviews, have been undertaken to look into the works of literature on wildfires or forest fires and their effects on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Regrettably, conventional literature reviews failed to identify the important researchers, evolving complexities, emerging research hotspots, trends and opportunities for further research on the ground of wildfire study. The present study employs bibliometric analysis to investigate this study area qualitatively and quantitatively. The Scopus database systems and Web of Science Core Collection yielded 78 qualifying papers, which were then evaluated using Biblioshiny (A bibliometrix tool of R-studio). According to the statistics, the discipline is expanding at a pace that is 13.68% faster than average. So far, three key periods of transformation have been documented: preliminary evolution (8 articles; 1999–2005), gentle evolution (14 articles; 2006–2013) and quick evolution (56 articles; 2014 to 2021). Forest Ecology and Management and Science journals have the highest number of publications, accounting for 7.70% of total wildfire-related articles published from 1999 to 2021. However, recent data indicate that investigators are shifting their focus to wildfires, with the term ‘Australia’ having the highest frequency (91) and ‘wildfire’ having the second highest (58) as the most appeared keywords. The present study will provide a foundation for future research on wildfire incidence and management by receiving information by synthesising previously published literature in Australia and around the world.