In the evolving landscape of perishable goods management, where the balance between minimizing waste and maximizing profitability is paramount, this work introduces an innovative approach to pricing and inventory decisions for products with limited shelf lives, focusing on vegetables in supermarkets. The contribution lies in its integration of an automated pricing and restocking decision model that leverages autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) forecasting techniques alongside dynamic pricing strategies tailored to the goods’ freshness and remaining shelf life. The study uses a comprehensive sales, spoilage rates, and customer demand dataset to apply ARIMA forecasting for optimal restocking and adjusts prices dynamically based on product freshness, promoting competitive pricing and waste reduction. The results demonstrate the model’s effectiveness, reducing spoilage rates by up to 30% and increasing profitability margins by about 15%, highlighting its practical utility in real-world scenarios. The research highlights the potential for supermarkets to improve perishable goods inventory management, leading to significant economic benefits and reduced food waste. This study contributes to sustainable retail practices aligning with global responsible consumption and production initiatives, offering a scalable economic efficiency and environmental stewardship solution.

The wetting behaviors of Al-Si-Cu-Mg-Zn brazing materials on 5083 aluminum alloy substrate were investigated through changing the proportion of Mg from 0 to 2 wt.%. The experimental results showed that the welding process goes through the three following stages: slow spreading, fast spreading, and stabilizing. The wettability of the brazing material was improved effectively, and the porosity of the interfacial layer was reduced, with the addition of Mg. With Mg content at 1 wt.%, the wetting diameter reached a maximum value of 20.46 mm. The reaction mechanism of the wetted interfacial layer between the brazing material and substrate alloy was illustrated with dynamic data, provided through experimentation and simulated thermodynamic calculation, and showed that the wetting behavior of the resultant Al-7.5Si-15Cu-1Mg-5Zn brazing material was dominated primarily by a diffusion reaction from elemental magnesium.

Aluminum–based brazing alloys have been developed for joining 7072 high–strength aluminum alloys. However, challenges related to their high melting points and joint softening still require further exploration. This study employs a combination of first–principles calculations and experimental techniques to examine the microstructure and mechanical properties of 7072 aluminum alloy joints brazed with (Ni, Y)–modified Al–Si–Cu–Zn filler alloys. Through the virtual crystal approximation (VCA) method, it was observed that the Al–10Si–10Cu–5Zn–xNi–yY (x = 0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, y = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) filler alloy exhibits excellent mechanical stability, combining both high strength and reasonable ductility. Seven brazed joint samples with varying Ni and Y contents were fabricated using melting brazing and analyzed. The findings showed that Ni reduces the liquidus temperature of the filler, narrowing the melting range. This facilitates the conversion of the brittle Al₂Cu phase into a more ductile Al₂(Cu,Ni) phase, thus enhancing joint strength. Y acts as a heterogeneous nucleation site, promoting local undercooling, increasing the nucleation rate, and refining the microstructure. When the Ni content was 2.0 wt.% and the Y content was 0.4 wt.%, the tensile strength of the brazed joint reached a peak value of 295.1 MPa. Computational predictions align with the experimental results, confirming that first–principles calculations are a reliable method for predicting the properties of aluminum alloy brazing materials.

A primary challenge in successfully manufacturing reactive materials for laser metal deposition (LMD) is to prevent oxidization. To address the oxidation susceptibility of titanium alloys in open environments, a local atmosphere protection model was developed. Using Ansys Fluent 2023R1 software, the effective protective atmosphere range provided by the local shielding device under varying shielding gas flow rates was investigated in detail, and a mathematical model for the effective protection area was obtained through quadratic polynomial fitting. A quadratic regression model linking process parameters with the length of high-temperature zones was established using central composite design (CCD). By integrating these two models, a local shielding gas model for LMD titanium alloys in an open environment was formulated. Validation experiments demonstrated excellent morphology of the single layers with shiny silver. The local shielding atmosphere can effectively protect the high-temperature region. These findings provide a basis for the deposition of active materials in an open environment and the selection of appropriate shielding gas flow rates.

Aluminum alloy, due to its low melting point and high thermal conductivity, deforms and contracts significantly during welding. To mitigate this and achieve full penetration in a single pass, this study uses GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) additive manufacturing and optimizes welding groove parameters via the Box-Behnken Response Surface Methodology. The focus is on improving tensile strength and penetration depth by analyzing the effects of groove angle, root face width, and root gap. The results show that groove angle most significantly affects tensile strength and penetration depth. Hardness profiles exhibit a W-shape, with base material hardness decreasing and weld zone hardness increasing as groove angle rises. Root face width reduces hardness fluctuation in the weld zone, and an appropriate root gap compensates for thermal expansion, enhancing joint performance. The interaction between root face width and root gap most impacts tensile strength, while groove angle and root face width interaction most affects penetration depth. The optimal welding parameters for 7xxx aluminum alloy GTAW are a groove angle of 70.8°, root face width of 1.38 mm, and root gap of 0 mm. This results in a tensile strength of 297.95 MPa and penetration depth of 5 mm, a 90.38% increase in tensile strength compared to the RSM experimental worst group. Microstructural analysis reveals the presence of β-Mg₂Si and η-MgZn₂ strengthening phases, which contribute to the material’s enhanced mechanical properties. Fracture surface examination exhibits characteristic ductile fracture features, including dimples and shear lips, confirming the material’s high ductility. The coexistence of these strengthening phases and ductile fracture behavior indicates excellent overall mechanical performance, balancing strength and plasticity.