The biodistribution of PLGA nanoparticles labelled with Pd in the form of a dimeric cyclopalladated derivative of N , N -dimethyldiphenylmethylamine was investigated in rats using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Постоянно растущие масштабы использования редкоземельных элементов (РЗЭ) в металлургии, производстве стекла, автомобильных каталитических нейтрализаторов, в наукоёмких отраслях промышленности и многих других областях приводят к росту их концентраций в осадках, природных водах, почвах, растениях, атмосферном воздухе, живых организмах. В этой связи концентрации РЗЭ в природных объектах становятся важным экологическим индикатором антропогенных изменений окружающей среды. В настоящей работе обобщены данные по концентрациям, геохимическим особенностям и методам определения РЗЭ. Поведение РЗЭ в природных процессах контролируется растворимостью их соединений, способностью к комплексообразованию, тетрадным эффектом фракционирования и др. Обсуждены природные и антропогенные факторы, определяющие миграцию РЗЭ в окружающей среде. К ним относятся окислительно-восстановительные условия, концентрации комплексообразующих лигандов, микроорганизмы, способные к поглощению РЗЭ, видовые особенности растений, внесение минеральных удобрений, кормовые добавки, промышленные выбросы и т. д. Определение содержания РЗЭ в природных средах осложнено их низкими концентрациями и требует использования высокочувствительных методов химического анализа, важнейшими из которых являются методы атомной спектроскопии. Помимо традиционных методов анализа на сегодняшний день широко и успешно применяются методы локального определения концентраций РЗЭ, такие как масс-спектрометрия с индуктивно связанной плазмой с лазерным испарением и масс-спектрометрия вторичных...

The purpose of this work was to study the accumulation of heavy and toxic elements in the muscles of the main commercial fish of the Volga River basin. Sampling was carried out throughout the Volga River, in areas that are characterized by varying degrees of industrial development. In the course of the work, tissue samples of the main species of commercial fish were selected (about 300 samples in total). The analysis of the selected material was carried out by a set of methods: induction coupled plasma mass spectrometry, flamу atomic absorption spectroscopy and cold steam atomic absorption. Based on this analysis, the levels of accumulation of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Sr, Cd, Sb, I, Hg, Pb in the muscles of the main species of commercial fish were determined. Graphs of the distribution of the concentration of elements in the muscles of perch depending on the area of fishing are given: the maximum concentration of the sum of toxic elements in the muscles of perch is characteristic of the Rybinsk reservoir and the area of the village of TsaganAman, and the minimum – for the upper Volga and delta. The dependence of accumulation of As, Cd, Hg, Se, I and Br in the muscles of perch on the mass of fish has been assessed. It was found that the concentration of Hg and Se in the muscles of the perch is directly proportional to the weight of the fish.

The purpose of the work: to study the patterns of background accumulation of trace elements during the spring-summer-autumn season in the vegetative organs (leaves) of the heart-shaped linden (Tilia cordata Mill.) and white birch (Betula alba L.). Samples were taken on the territory of the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences during one season of 2018 from the same tree with an interval of 10–12 days, starting from the opening of the bud (end of April) right up to the time of leaf fall. Soil samples were also taken from birch and linden growing areas. The samples were analyzed in the laboratory of Chemical analytical methods of the GIN RAS using X-ray fluorescence analysis (XRF), instrumental neutron activation analysis (INАA) and atomic absorption spectrometry of cold vapor (AA). The concentration of trace elements in the selected soil samples corresponds to the concept of “background” contents. Two types of trace elements’ distribution in linden and birch leaves during the season have been revealed. The first type is a uniform accumulation of trace elements with a maximum at the end of the season (Na, Ca, Cr, Fe, Co, Br, Sb, La). The second type of distribution is characterized by a maximum concentration of trace elements in the middle of the season with a decrease in concentration by the time of leaf fall (K, As, Zn, Cd, Pb). It should be noted that the range of changes in the concentration of trace elements during the season in both cases can reach 10–15 times. We recommend to take samples of vegetation (leaves) as soon as possible in the middle of the summer season, and to use samples taken at the same time in the same area as “background”.