Background: Polynucleotides (PN) are increasingly used for the treatment of facial erythema in the Republic of Korea. However, there are limited pre‐clinical and clinical data on the efficacy of polynucleotides for facial erythema. In this study, we investigated the current practice and perceived effectiveness of polynucleotide treatment for facial erythema among cosmetic physicians.Methods: By conducting a survey among clinicians who use PN in clinical practice, we explored the current practices and assessed the perceived effectiveness of polynucleotides in treating facial erythema.Results: A total of 557 physicians who used polynucleotides for facial erythema participated in the survey. Polynucleotides were used by 84.4%, 66.4%, and 47.4% of physicians for facial erythema caused by inflammatory facial dermatosis, repeated laser/microneedle radiofrequency, and steroid overuse, respectively. Among those users, 88.1%, 90%, and 83.7% respectively in those same categories answered that polynucleotides were “highly effective” or “effective.” Furthermore, they agreed that polynucleotides have the following properties: wound healing/regeneration (95.8%), protection of skin barrier (92.2%), hydration (90.5%), vascular stabilization (81.0%), and anti‐inflammation (79.5%).Conclusion: Our findings showed that cosmetic physicians in the Republic of Korea have used PN as a part of combination treatment for facial erythema resulting from inflammatory facial dermatosis and repeated laser/ microneedle radiofrequency, rather than from steroid overuse. Also, most clinicians agreed that PN was effective for treatment of facial erythema. Given the lack of pre‐clinical and clinical trial evidence, the empirical responses of practicing physicians provide useful information to guide clinical practice and further research.

Background: Botulinum toxin is a crucial therapeutic tool with broad indications in both cosmetic and medical fields. However, the expanding cosmetic use and increased dosages of botulinum toxin have raised concerns about resistance, making it essential to study the awareness and management practices among healthcare professionals. Methods: A survey was conducted among clinical physicians using botulinum toxin. The study investigated their experiences, awareness, and management practices related to toxin resistance. Real‐time mobile app‐based surveys were administered to clinicians attending the 45th International Academic Conference of the Korean Academy of Laser and Dermatology (KALDAT) on December 3, 2023. Results: Among 3140 participants, 673 clinical physicians completed the survey. Of these, 363 clinicians (53.9%) reported experiencing botulinum toxin resistance. Regarding the resistance rate, 59.4% indicated less than 1%, 36% reported approximately 1%–25%, and 95.4% reported less than 25%. Efforts to prevent resistance included maintaining intervals of over 3 months (54.8%), using products with lower resistance potential (47.0%), employing minimal effective doses (28.2%), and minimizing re‐administration (14.9%). Conclusion: In the South Korean aesthetic medicine community, a majority of clinical physician's report encountering botulinum toxin resistance. Given the potential loss of various benefits associated with resistance, there is a need to establish appropriate guidelines based on mechanistic studies and current status assessments. Educating clinicians on applicable guidelines is crucial.

Background: Polynucleotides stimulate collagen formation and are used clinically to enhance elasticity. In this study, we investigated current practices and perceived effectiveness of polynucleotide injection treatment for enlarged facial pores among cosmetic physicians. Materials and Methods: A survey was developed to investigate clinicians’ use and effectiveness of polynucleotides in the treatment of enlarged facial pores. This survey was distributed to clinicians at the Korean Aesthetic Surgery & Laser Society Autumn Symposium. Results: A total of 407 physicians who used polynucleotides for enlarged facial pores were enrolled in the survey. Polynucleotides were used by 75.7%, 87.7%, and 72.2% of physicians for enlarged facial pores caused by excessive sebum production, reduced elasticity, and acne, respectively. Among those users, 81.4%, 83.8%, and 76.8% in those same categories, respectively, responded that polynucleotides were “very effective” or “effective.” Furthermore, most clinicians combined polynucleotides with microneedle radiofrequency as energy‐based devices and with botulinum toxin as injection therapy. Conclusion: This study highlights the widespread use and perceived efficacy of polynucleotide injection among cosmetic physicians in the Republic of Korea for enlarged facial pores due to excessive sebum production, reduced elasticity, and acne. Positive feedback from practitioners supports the benefits of using polynucleotides in enlarged facial pore treatment.

Infraorbital fat (IOF) protrusion is a common feature of periorbital aging and is commonly managed with lower blepharoplasty. Although surgical approaches can provide predictable aesthetic outcomes, there remains interest in minimally invasive treatment options for appropriately selected patients. This preliminary case series evaluated the feasibility, short-term tolerability, and clinical outcomes of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) for the treatment of IOF protrusion. Three Korean patients (two female and one male; mean age, 48 years) underwent HIFU treatment using LinearZ device at focal depths of 4.5 and 9.0 mm following pre-treatment ultrasonography. Each treatment session delivered 0.6 J per shot in DOT mode under local anesthesia. Clinical photographs, patient satisfaction, and Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) scores were assessed three months after the final treatment session. All three patients showed clinically observable improvement in infraorbital bulging and lid-cheek contour, with high patient satisfaction. GAIS scores were 4, 5, and 4, respectively. Treatment was well tolerated, with transient erythema and edema reported and no major adverse events observed during follow-up. Given the very small sample size, absence of a control group, subjective and non-blinded outcome assessment, lack of systematic post-treatment imaging or quantitative fat measurements, and short follow-up, these findings should be considered preliminary and hypothesis-generating. Larger controlled studies incorporating objective outcome measures are warranted to establish efficacy, durability, and optimal treatment parameters of HIFU for IOF protrusion.