Sexually-transmitted infections are a public health problem in developing countries including Ethiopia. However, there is limited evidence on factors associated with sexually-transmitted infections among men in Ethiopia. Therefore, this analysis was done to fill this gap. This analysis was done based on the 2016 Ethiopian demographic health survey data. The survey was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted from January 18 to June 27, 2016. The survey used two stage-stratified cluster sampling technique. A total of 8849 sexually active men were included in this analysis. Descriptive and analytical analyses were performed. A p-value of less than 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Muslim men (AOR = 1.68; 95%CI: 1.02–2.76), men who were not exposed to media (AOR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.01–3.03) and men who had multiple sexual partners (AOR = 2.29; 95%CI: 1.05–5.01) had higher odds of having a sexually transmitted infection. In addition, men living in Amhara (AOR = 3.31; 95%CI: 1.33–8.22), Oromia (AOR = 4.62; 95%CI: 1.85–11.55), Gambella (AOR = 3.64; 95%CI: 1.27–10.42), and Harari regions (AOR = 4.57; 95%CI: 1.49–14.02) had higher odds of developing sexually transmitted infection. On the other hand, men who believe women are asked to use a condom if she knows he has STIs (AOR = 0.53; 95%CI: 0.33–0.85) had low odds of developing a sexually transmitted infection. Men not exposed to mass media, Muslims and men with multi-sexual partners had higher odds of having sexually transmitted infections. Encouraging monogamous relationships and exposing men to mass media may help to reduce the burden of STIs in Ethiopia.

Background: The postpartum period is a critical time to improve maternal and child health. It is a time for accessing contraceptives to prevent short inter-pregnancy intervals. More than 95% of postpartum women do not want to get pregnant within 12 months. However, many women in Ethiopia experience an unintended pregnancy, and there is low information about postpartum contraceptive use among women who have family planning demand. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of postpartum contraceptive use and its predictors among women who give birth 12 months before the survey in Ethiopia. Methods: We used the 2016 Ethiopia demographic health survey data for this analysis. The survey was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted from January 18 to June 27, 2016. The survey employed a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. A total of 2304 postpartum women were included. Bivariate and multivariable logistics regressions were done to identify factors associated with postpartum contraceptive use. A p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results: About 23.7% (23.7, 95% CI: 20.7–27.0%) of postpartum women were using modern contraceptives. Women who were urban residents (AOR = 2.18; 95%CI: 1.34–3.55), those who attended secondary or higher education (AOR = 1.79; 95%CI: 1.04–3.10), women who attended 1–3 (AOR = 2.33; 95%CI:1.27–4.25) or 4 or more ANC visits (AOR = 2.59; 95%CI:1.43–4.69) and women who delivered at a health facility (AOR = 1.86; 95%CI: 1.23–2.81) had higher odds of modern contraceptive use during the postpartum period. Similarly, women who reported the last child was no more wanted (AOR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.01–3.31), women who decided for contraceptive use (AOR = 2.03; 95%CI: 1.13–3.65) and women whose recent child was male (AOR = 1.38; 95%CI: 1.01–1.88) had higher odds of modern contraceptive use. Conclusion: Postpartum contraceptive use was low in Ethiopia. Strengthening health facility delivery, promoting girls’ education and encouraging women’s participation in deciding for contraceptive use would improve the uptake of modern contraceptives use during the postpartum period.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify determinants of stillbirth in Felege Hiwot comprehensive specialized referral hospital, North-west, Ethiopia: 2019. To conduct this study an institutional-based unmatched case–control study was used among 84 cases and 336 controls. Pretested, structured questioner with face to face interview was conducted and some data were also extracted from medical records using a checklist. The data were analyzed by using binary logistics regression. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered as significant at 95% confidence level and the strength of association was measured using odds ratio. Results: Illiteracy (AOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.4–10.2), sexually transmitted infection (AOR 5.7, 95% CI 1.1–29.7), Premature rupture of membrane (AOR 4.0, 95% CI 1.4–11.3), congenital anomaly (AOR 10.4, 95% CI 2.0–11.2) and history of perinatal death (AOR 10.4, 95% CI 3.7–29.2) were the determinants of stillbirth that increase risk of fetal death. Whereas taking at least two doses of tetanus toxoid vaccine (AOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.2–0.9) and partograph use (AOR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1–0.4) were found to be protective factors for stillbirth. To overcome this problem; empowering female education, facilitating women in taking tetanus toxoid vaccine, sexually transmitted infection prevention, and encourage health professionals to use partograph during labour follow up highly strongly recommended.

Background Globally, divorce is a common phenomenon in couples' marital life. As a result, many divorced couples and their children face several social, economic, and health problems after dissolution. There is little information on the magnitude and determinants of divorce in developing countries including Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the prevalence of divorce from the first union and its predictors among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia. Methods We used the 2016 Ethiopia demographic and health survey data for this analysis. The survey was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted from January 18 to June 27, 2016. The survey employed a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. A total of 11,646 ever-married women were included in the analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistics regression was done to identify the determinants of divorce from the first marriage. A p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. Results About 25% (95%CI: 23.4% - 26.6%) ever-married women were divorced from their first marital relationship. Women who were married at age < 15 years (AOR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07-1.68), urban women (AOR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.22-2.35), women who did not attend formal education (AOR = 4.36; 95%CI: 3.14-6.05), women who were employed (AOR = 1.51; 95%CI: 1.31-1.73), and being childless (AOR = 1.34; 95%CI: 1.07-1.69) had higher odds of experiencing a divorce. Similarly, women who experienced partner violence, women with no house ownership, and women in the Amhara region had higher odds of divorce from their first marital union. Conversely, women in Oromia, SNNPR, the metropolis, and the pastoral regions had lower odds of divorce from their first marital union. Conclusion Divorce from the first marriage is high in Ethiopia. Preventing early marriage and partner violence and promoting girls' education would reduce the divorce rate in Ethiopia.

Ethiopia is one of the Sub-Saharan African countries with high unintended pregnancy rate. Every woman in Ethiopia experiences at least one unintended birth. Although there were some studies about contraceptive use among all women in Ethiopia, evidence about contraceptive use among women with no fertility intention was limited. Therefore, this analysis was performed to assess the prevalence of contraceptive use and associated factors among fecund, married reproductive-age women who intended no more children. We used the 2016 Ethiopian Demography and Health Survey (EDHS) data collected through a two-stage stratified cluster sampling technique. EDHS was a community based, cross-sectional study conducted from January 18, 2016, to June 27, 2016. A total of 2,859 fecund married reproductive age women with no desire to have more children were included in this study. Both descriptive and logistic regression analysis were performed using STATA V.14. A 95% confidence interval was used to declare statistical significance. Contraceptive use among fecund married reproductive-age women who want no more children was 51.1% (95%CI: 47.0–55.24%). Visit by health workers at home (AOR = 1.37, 95%CI: 1.02, 1.83), living in Addis Ababa (AOR = 3.38 95%CI: 1.76, 6.37) and having better wealth index (middle (AOR = 1.76, 95%CI: 1.25, 2.47) and being rich (AOR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.40, 2.74)) were found positively associated with contraceptive use. On the other hand, living in the Somali region (AOR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.85), and being Muslim (AOR = 0.45, 95%CI: 0.30, 0.67) were found negatively associated with contraceptive use. Contraceptive use among fecund married reproductive-age women with no fertility intention was low compared to their demand. Therefore, to improve contraceptive use, the provision of family planning counseling and information should be strengthened. Further intervention is needed to narrow disparities in contraceptive use among regions and different population groups.

Background: In Africa, over one-third of women experience multiple abortions, often due to inadequate access to effective modern contraceptives. This highlights a critical gap in understanding the patterns and predictors of post-abortion contraceptive (PAC) use. To address this issue, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to assess the uptake of PAC and associated factors among African women who received abortion services.Methods: Following the PRISMA guideline, all articles published between January 1, 2015, and December 30, 2023, were systematically retrieved from multiple databases. Articles reporting PAC uptake among African women were included. The pooled prevalence of Post-abortion contraceptive uptake was determined using a random effects model. The variation between the included studies was assessed using a funnel plot and I² heterogeneity statistics. Sources of heterogeneity: Subgroup analysis was performed by country, publication period, study design, and sub-African region.Results: From 48 articles, a total of 84,205 women who underwent abortion services were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of PAC uptake in Africa was 58.78% (95% CI: 52.36–65.21), with high heterogeneity (I² = 99.8%, 95% CI: 99.2%-99.9%; P < 0.001). The subgroup analysis revealed variation by country, publication period, and sub-African region. The most widely used contraceptive methods were injectables (30.27%), followed by implants (25.13%), oral contraceptive pills (22.34%), and IUDs (10.47%). Attending formal education (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.03, 2.07), knowing the period of fertility (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.14, 2.59), counseling about contraceptives (OR = 3.40, 95% CI = 1.82, 6.35), not having a desire for pregnancy (OR = 3.08, 95% CI = 1.74, 5.35, 95% CI = 2.55, 7.42), and possessing contraceptive knowledge (OR = 2.30, 95% CI = 1.41, 3.76) had a statistically significant combined effect on PAC uptake in Africa.Conclusion: The uptake of PAC in Africa stands at 58.78%, which is considered low according to the World Health Organization's recommendation that all women should postpone conception for six months following an abortion. There was also a decline of 20.22% between 2020 and 2023 compared to the pooled uptake between 2015 and 2019. To address this, it is crucial to enhance women's awareness of post-abortion contraception, the conception risks after abortion, and to strengthen client-centered counseling alongside women's education.Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/view/CRD42024505129, PROSPERO CRD42024505129.