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Prof. Pedro Morouço
Polytechnic Institute of Leiria

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0 Physiology
0 exercise and health
0 sport sciences
0 biofabrication

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Hypothesis
Published: 12 April 2021 in Sustainability
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Global health, climate, and ecological conditions cannot be dissociated, and over the last decade, the impacts of climate change on health have been profoundly felt. In 2010, the transport sector has been responsible for the direct emission of 6.7 Gt of carbon dioxide (CO2), and these numbers are expected to double by 2050. Additionally, physical inactivity rates have been growing over the last years, with most individuals in developed countries still relying on their cars for daily transportation, despite the unexplored potential of daily commuting in the promotion of physical activity. Given the well-known link between chronic diseases and sedentary lifestyles, addressing both the upward tendency of public health costs and energy consumption obtained from fossil fuels can be, possibly, one of the greatest public health opportunities over the last century. In this paper, we explore the potential of active commuting as a contemporary approach to address both global issues, considering its benefits on several indicators of health, quality of life, and well-being, as well as environmental-friendly behaviors.

ACS Style

Nuno Figueiredo; Filipe Rodrigues; Pedro Morouço; Diogo Monteiro. Active Commuting: An Opportunity to Fight Both Climate Change and Physical Inactivity. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4290 .

AMA Style

Nuno Figueiredo, Filipe Rodrigues, Pedro Morouço, Diogo Monteiro. Active Commuting: An Opportunity to Fight Both Climate Change and Physical Inactivity. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4290.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nuno Figueiredo; Filipe Rodrigues; Pedro Morouço; Diogo Monteiro. 2021. "Active Commuting: An Opportunity to Fight Both Climate Change and Physical Inactivity." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4290.

Journal article
Published: 02 April 2021 in Bioresources and Bioprocessing
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Considering the expected increasing demand for cellulose fibers in the near future and that its major source is wood pulp, alternative sources such as vegetable wastes from agricultural activities and agro-food industries are currently being sought to prevent deforestation. In the present study, cellulose was successfully isolated from six agroindustrial residues: corncob, corn husk, grape stalk, pomegranate peel, marc of strawberry-tree fruit and fava pod. Cellulose fibers were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, stereomicroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Despite the evident morphological differences among the extracted celluloses, results revealed similar compositional and thermal properties with the wood-derived commercial microcrystalline cellulose used as a control. Trace amounts of lignin or hemicellulose were detected in all cellulose samples, with the exception of corncob cellulose, that exhibited the greatest extraction yield (26%) and morphological similarities to wood-derived microcrystalline cellulose, visible through SEM. Furthermore, corncob cellulose was found to have thermal properties (TOnset of 307.17 °C, TD of 330.31 °C, and ΔH of 306.04 kJ/kg) suitable for biomedical applications.

ACS Style

Mariana Vallejo; Rachel Cordeiro; Paulo A. N. Dias; Carla Moura; Marta Henriques; Inês J. Seabra; Cândida Maria Malça; Pedro Morouço. Recovery and evaluation of cellulose from agroindustrial residues of corn, grape, pomegranate, strawberry-tree fruit and fava. Bioresources and Bioprocessing 2021, 8, 1 -12.

AMA Style

Mariana Vallejo, Rachel Cordeiro, Paulo A. N. Dias, Carla Moura, Marta Henriques, Inês J. Seabra, Cândida Maria Malça, Pedro Morouço. Recovery and evaluation of cellulose from agroindustrial residues of corn, grape, pomegranate, strawberry-tree fruit and fava. Bioresources and Bioprocessing. 2021; 8 (1):1-12.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mariana Vallejo; Rachel Cordeiro; Paulo A. N. Dias; Carla Moura; Marta Henriques; Inês J. Seabra; Cândida Maria Malça; Pedro Morouço. 2021. "Recovery and evaluation of cellulose from agroindustrial residues of corn, grape, pomegranate, strawberry-tree fruit and fava." Bioresources and Bioprocessing 8, no. 1: 1-12.

Review
Published: 27 February 2021 in Journal of Functional Biomaterials
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Due to the extremely high incidence of lesions and diseases in aging population, it is critical to put all efforts into developing a successful implant for osteochondral tissue regeneration. Many of the patients undergoing surgery present osteochondral fissure extending until the subchondral bone (corresponding to a IV grade according to the conventional radiographic classification by Berndt and Harty). Therefore, strategies for functional tissue regeneration should also aim at healing the subchondral bone and joint interface, besides hyaline cartilage. With the ambition of contributing to solving this problem, several research groups have been working intensively on the development of tailored implants that could promote that complex osteochondral regeneration. These implants may be manufactured through a wide variety of processes and use a wide variety of (bio)materials. This review aimed to examine the state of the art regarding the challenges, advantages, and drawbacks of the current strategies for osteochondral regeneration. One of the most promising approaches relies on the principles of additive manufacturing, where technologies are used that allow for the production of complex 3D structures with a high level of control, intended and predefined geometry, size, and interconnected pores, in a reproducible way. However, not all materials are suitable for these processes, and their features should be examined, targeting a successful regeneration.

ACS Style

Pedro Morouço; Cristiana Fernandes; Wanda Lattanzi. Challenges and Innovations in Osteochondral Regeneration: Insights from Biology and Inputs from Bioengineering toward the Optimization of Tissue Engineering Strategies. Journal of Functional Biomaterials 2021, 12, 17 .

AMA Style

Pedro Morouço, Cristiana Fernandes, Wanda Lattanzi. Challenges and Innovations in Osteochondral Regeneration: Insights from Biology and Inputs from Bioengineering toward the Optimization of Tissue Engineering Strategies. Journal of Functional Biomaterials. 2021; 12 (1):17.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Morouço; Cristiana Fernandes; Wanda Lattanzi. 2021. "Challenges and Innovations in Osteochondral Regeneration: Insights from Biology and Inputs from Bioengineering toward the Optimization of Tissue Engineering Strategies." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 12, no. 1: 17.

Review
Published: 21 December 2020 in Applied Sciences
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The applications of tissue engineered constructs have witnessed great advances in the last few years, as advanced fabrication techniques have enabled promising approaches to develop structures and devices for biomedical uses. (Bio-)printing, including both plain material and cell/material printing, offers remarkable advantages and versatility to produce multilateral and cell-laden tissue constructs; however, it has often revealed to be insufficient to fulfill clinical needs. Indeed, three-dimensional (3D) (bio-)printing does not provide one critical element, fundamental to mimic native live tissues, i.e., the ability to change shape/properties with time to respond to microenvironmental stimuli in a personalized manner. This capability is in charge of the so-called “smart materials”; thus, 3D (bio-)printing these biomaterials is a possible way to reach four-dimensional (4D) (bio-)printing. We present a comprehensive review on stimuli-responsive materials to produce scaffolds and constructs via additive manufacturing techniques, aiming to obtain constructs that closely mimic the dynamics of native tissues. Our work deploys the advantages and drawbacks of the mechanisms used to produce stimuli-responsive constructs, using a classification based on the target stimulus: humidity, temperature, electricity, magnetism, light, pH, among others. A deep understanding of biomaterial properties, the scaffolding technologies, and the implant site microenvironment would help the design of innovative devices suitable and valuable for many biomedical applications.

ACS Style

Pedro Morouço; Bahareh Azimi; Mario Milazzo; Fatemeh Mokhtari; Cristiana Fernandes; Diana Reis; Serena Danti. Four-Dimensional (Bio-)Printing: A Review on Stimuli-Responsive Mechanisms and Their Biomedical Suitability. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 9143 .

AMA Style

Pedro Morouço, Bahareh Azimi, Mario Milazzo, Fatemeh Mokhtari, Cristiana Fernandes, Diana Reis, Serena Danti. Four-Dimensional (Bio-)Printing: A Review on Stimuli-Responsive Mechanisms and Their Biomedical Suitability. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (24):9143.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Morouço; Bahareh Azimi; Mario Milazzo; Fatemeh Mokhtari; Cristiana Fernandes; Diana Reis; Serena Danti. 2020. "Four-Dimensional (Bio-)Printing: A Review on Stimuli-Responsive Mechanisms and Their Biomedical Suitability." Applied Sciences 10, no. 24: 9143.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2020 in International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
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Purpose: To study the relationship between tethered swimming in a flume at different speeds and swimming performance. Methods: Sixteen regional-level swimmers performed 25-, 50-, and 100-m front-crawl trials and four 30-s tethered-swimming tests at 0, 0.926, 1.124, and 1.389 m·s−1 water-flow velocities. Average and maximum force, average and maximum impulse, and intracyclic force variation (dF) were estimated for each tethered-swimming trial. Swimming velocity and intracyclic velocity variation (dv) were obtained for each free-swimming trial. Stroke rate and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were registered for all trials. Results: Tethered-swimming variables, both at 1.124 m·s−1 and at 1.389 m·s−1 water-flow velocities, were positively associated with 25-m swimming velocity (P < .05). Average force and maximum impulse in stationary swimming were significantly associated with 25-m swimming velocity (P < .05). A positive relationship between water-flow velocities with dF was observed. Swimming performance was not related to dF or dv. Neither stroke rate nor RPE differed between the 4 tethered conditions and mean 50-m free-swimming velocity (P > .05). Conclusions: Measuring force in a swimming flume at higher water-flow velocities is a better indicator of performance than stationary tethered swimming. It enables assessment of the ability to effectively apply force in the water.

ACS Style

Jesús J. Ruiz-Navarro; Pedro Morouço; Raúl Arellano. Relationship Between Tethered Swimming in a Flume and Swimming Performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 2020, 15, 1 -8.

AMA Style

Jesús J. Ruiz-Navarro, Pedro Morouço, Raúl Arellano. Relationship Between Tethered Swimming in a Flume and Swimming Performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2020; 15 (8):1-8.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jesús J. Ruiz-Navarro; Pedro Morouço; Raúl Arellano. 2020. "Relationship Between Tethered Swimming in a Flume and Swimming Performance." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 15, no. 8: 1-8.

Journal article
Published: 18 June 2020 in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
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This cross-sectional study aimed to characterize the lifestyle habits, anxiety levels and basic psychological needs (BPN), in Portuguese adults during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, including a comparison between genders and age groups. In total, 1404 adults (36.4 ± 11.7 years; 69.6% female) answered sociodemographic data and three instruments: the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, the Basic Need General Satisfaction Scale and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Males revealed higher values for the total energy expenditure (z = −2.26; p = 0.024; η 2 = 0.004) and for the level of satisfaction of competence (z = −2.62; p = 0.009; η 2 = 0.005). Females showed higher scores for the anxiety state (z = −7.87; p ≤ 0.001; η 2 = 0.044) and anxiety trait (z = −6.49; p ≤ 0.001; η 2 = 0.030). Regarding age, higher values for the anxiety trait (p ≤ 0.001; η H 2 = 0.030) were found in the 18–34 years-old group compared to all the other age groups, also presenting significantly higher values of total energy expenditure (χ² = 13.93; p = 0.008; η H 2 = 0.007) when compared to the 35–44 years-old group. Significant differences were observed between the 18–34 years-old group and the other age groups for the satisfaction of competence (χ² = 40.97; p ≤ 0.001; η H 2 = 0.026), except for the >65 years-old group. Strategies for promoting well-being during periods of social isolation should consider the role of psychological dimensions and lifestyle habits according to the gender or age group.

ACS Style

Raul Antunes; Roberta Frontini; Nuno Amaro; Rogério Salvador; Rui Matos; Pedro Morouço; Ricardo Rebelo-Gonçalves. Exploring Lifestyle Habits, Physical Activity, Anxiety and Basic Psychological Needs in a Sample of Portuguese Adults during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020, 17, 4360 .

AMA Style

Raul Antunes, Roberta Frontini, Nuno Amaro, Rogério Salvador, Rui Matos, Pedro Morouço, Ricardo Rebelo-Gonçalves. Exploring Lifestyle Habits, Physical Activity, Anxiety and Basic Psychological Needs in a Sample of Portuguese Adults during COVID-19. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2020; 17 (12):4360.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Raul Antunes; Roberta Frontini; Nuno Amaro; Rogério Salvador; Rui Matos; Pedro Morouço; Ricardo Rebelo-Gonçalves. 2020. "Exploring Lifestyle Habits, Physical Activity, Anxiety and Basic Psychological Needs in a Sample of Portuguese Adults during COVID-19." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 12: 4360.

Comparative study
Published: 22 May 2019 in Einstein (São Paulo)
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To compare tissue composition, total and regional bone mineral content and bone mineral density, static hand grip and knee joint isokinetic strength between amateur soccer players and Control Group. Cross-sectional study. Air displacement plethysmography was used to estimate body volume and, in turn, density. Body composition, bone mineral content and bone mineral density were assessed for the whole body and at standardized regions using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Static grip strength was assessed with an adjustable dynamometer, and peak torque derived from isokinetic strength dynamometer (concentric muscular knee actions at 60°/s). Magnitude of the differences between groups was examined using d-Cohen. Compared to healthy active adults, soccer players showed larger values of whole body bone mineral content (+651g; d=1.60; p<0.01). In addition, differences between groups were large for whole body bone mineral density (d=1.20 to 1.90; p<0.01): lumbar spine, i.e. L1-L4 (+19.4%), upper limbs (+8.6%) and lower limbs (+16.8%). Soccer players attained larger mean values in strength test given by static hand grip protocol (+5.6kg, d=0.99; p<0.01). Soccer adequately regulates body composition and is associated better bone health parameters (bone mineral content and density at whole-body and at particular sites exposed to mechanical loadings).

ACS Style

Óscar M. Tavares; João P. Duarte; André O. Werneck; Daniela C. Costa; Paulo Sousa-E-Silva; Diogo Martinho; Leonardo G. O. Luz; Pedro Morouço; João Valente-Dos-Santos; Rui Soles-Gonçalves; Jorge Conde; José M. Casanova; Manuel J. Coelho-E-Silva. Body composition, strength static and isokinetic, and bone health: comparative study between active adults and amateur soccer players. Einstein (São Paulo) 2019, 17, eAO4419 .

AMA Style

Óscar M. Tavares, João P. Duarte, André O. Werneck, Daniela C. Costa, Paulo Sousa-E-Silva, Diogo Martinho, Leonardo G. O. Luz, Pedro Morouço, João Valente-Dos-Santos, Rui Soles-Gonçalves, Jorge Conde, José M. Casanova, Manuel J. Coelho-E-Silva. Body composition, strength static and isokinetic, and bone health: comparative study between active adults and amateur soccer players. Einstein (São Paulo). 2019; 17 (3):eAO4419.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Óscar M. Tavares; João P. Duarte; André O. Werneck; Daniela C. Costa; Paulo Sousa-E-Silva; Diogo Martinho; Leonardo G. O. Luz; Pedro Morouço; João Valente-Dos-Santos; Rui Soles-Gonçalves; Jorge Conde; José M. Casanova; Manuel J. Coelho-E-Silva. 2019. "Body composition, strength static and isokinetic, and bone health: comparative study between active adults and amateur soccer players." Einstein (São Paulo) 17, no. 3: eAO4419.

Review article
Published: 02 May 2019 in Journal of Aging Research
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Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease, promoted by abnormal chronic mechanical loading over the joint, for instance, due to excessive body mass. Patients frequently report pain, fatigue, and limitations in specific functional daily activities. Regarding the treatment of OA, two nonpharmacological options are available. However, it is not clear which type and intensity of exercise have better outcomes in treatment and how tissue engineering can be a promising field due to the mechanical load implants will suffer. The aims of this work were to investigate (1) the main characteristics, prevalence, and consequences of OA; (2) the exercise prescription guidelines and whether exercise interventions have a positive effect on OA treatment; and (3) the novel improvements on tissue engineering for OA treatment. Both patients and practitioners should be aware that benefits may come from prescribed and supervised exercise. Recent studies have highlighted that an optimal balance between exercise and nutritional income should be widely recommended. Regarding tissue engineering, significant steps towards the development of implants that mimic the native tissue have been taken. Thus, further studies should focus on the impact that exercise (repetitive loading) might have on cartilage regeneration. Finally, suggestions for future research were proposed.

ACS Style

Pedro Morouço; Cristiana Fernandes; Rita Santos-Rocha. Osteoarthritis, Exercise, and Tissue Engineering: A Stimulating Triad for Health Professionals. Journal of Aging Research 2019, 2019, 1935806 -6.

AMA Style

Pedro Morouço, Cristiana Fernandes, Rita Santos-Rocha. Osteoarthritis, Exercise, and Tissue Engineering: A Stimulating Triad for Health Professionals. Journal of Aging Research. 2019; 2019 ():1935806-6.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Morouço; Cristiana Fernandes; Rita Santos-Rocha. 2019. "Osteoarthritis, Exercise, and Tissue Engineering: A Stimulating Triad for Health Professionals." Journal of Aging Research 2019, no. : 1935806-6.

Review
Published: 28 January 2019 in Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine
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Biofabrication allows the formation of 3D scaffolds through a precise spatial control. This is of foremost importance when aiming to mimic heterogeneous and anisotropic architecture, such as that of the osteochondral tissue. Osteochondral defects are a supreme challenge for tissue engineering due to the compositional and structural complexity of stratified architecture and contrasting biomechanical properties of the cartilage-bone interface. This review highlights the advancements and retreats witnessed by using developed bioinks for tissue regeneration, taking osteochondral tissue as a challenging example. Methods, materials and requirements for bioprinting were discussed, highlighting the pre and post-processing factors that researchers should consider towards the development of a clinical treatment.

ACS Style

Saba Abdulghani; Pedro G. Morouço; Saba Abdulghani. Biofabrication for osteochondral tissue regeneration: bioink printability requirements. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 2019, 30, 20 .

AMA Style

Saba Abdulghani, Pedro G. Morouço, Saba Abdulghani. Biofabrication for osteochondral tissue regeneration: bioink printability requirements. Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine. 2019; 30 (2):20.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saba Abdulghani; Pedro G. Morouço; Saba Abdulghani. 2019. "Biofabrication for osteochondral tissue regeneration: bioink printability requirements." Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 30, no. 2: 20.

Journal article
Published: 10 January 2019 in EMJ Innovations
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Regenerative medicine is an exciting field of research, in which significant steps are being taken that are leading to the translation of the technique into clinical practice. In the near future, it is expected that clinicians will have the opportunity to bioprint tissues and organs that closely mimic native human tissues. To do so, imaging of patients must be translated to digital models and then fabricated in a layer-by-layer fashion. The main aim of this review is to elaborate on the possible mechanisms that support four-dimensional bioprinting, as well as provide examples of current and future applications of the technology. This technology, considering time as the fourth dimension, emerged with the aim to develop bioactive functional constructs with programmed stimuli responses. The main idea is to have three-dimensional-printed constructs that are responsive to preplanned stimuli. With this review, the authors aim to provoke creative thinking, highlighting several issues that need to be addressed when reproducing such a complex network as the human body. The authors envision that there are some key features that need to be studied in the near future: printed constructs should be able to respond to different types of stimuli in a timely manner, bioreactors must be developed combining different types of automated stimuli and aiming to replicate the in vivo ecology, and adequate testing procedures must be developed to obtain a proper assessment of the constructs. The effective development of a printed construct that supports tissue maturation according to the anticipated stimuli will significantly advance this promising approach to regenerative medicine.

ACS Style

Pedro Morouço. FOUR-DIMENSIONAL BIOPRINTING FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE: MECHANISMS TO INDUCE SHAPE VARIATION AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS. EMJ Innovations 2019, 36 -43.

AMA Style

Pedro Morouço. FOUR-DIMENSIONAL BIOPRINTING FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE: MECHANISMS TO INDUCE SHAPE VARIATION AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS. EMJ Innovations. 2019; ():36-43.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Morouço. 2019. "FOUR-DIMENSIONAL BIOPRINTING FOR REGENERATIVE MEDICINE: MECHANISMS TO INDUCE SHAPE VARIATION AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS." EMJ Innovations , no. : 36-43.

Review
Published: 15 September 2018 in Science & Sports
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The objective of this review was to examine the effects of dry-land strength and conditioning (S&C) training on swimming, and starts and turns performances. S&C training is a common practice in swimming aiming to enhance performance or to prevent injuries. However, studies regarding the effects of S&C on swimming performance are scarce; the influence of age, gender or competitive level is even scarcer. After a structured literature search, sixteen studies were included in the current review. Of those, seven did not report any positive or negative effects on swimming performance. Contrarily, most studies with positive effects were conducted with older swimmers whereas maximal strength was the most effective methodology for improving swimming performance. S&C plyometric training is suggested to be the most effective method to improve starts and turns. Future Randomized Controlled Trials should be conducted to explore the effects of S&C induced by age and gender, on different swimming distances and techniques, and long-term training effects. It is recommended that S&C training should be based on maximal strength, ranging from six to twelve weeks of 2 to 4 sessions per week (approximately 24 sessions altogether). In each session, coaches should vary from 2 to 3 sets and 3 to 5 repetitions, according to prescribed intensity. Rest intervals should range between 2 to 5 minutes and the intensity should be from 80 to 90% of 1RM. Particularly regarding improving starts and turns, a S&C training regime ranging from 6 to 8 weeks and with 2 sessions per week is suggested. In each session, swimmers should perform between 1 and 6 sets and 1 and 10 repetitions, according to the established intensity. Rest between sets should range from 60 to 90 seconds. The swimmers in the included studies are mostly men which do not allow to say if the recommendations made are gender-dependent. L’objectif de cette révision a été d’examiner les effets de l’entraînement de force à sec sur les performances de nage, départs et virages. L’entraînement de force à sec est une pratique commune en natation et a pour but d’augmenter la performance ou de prévenir les blessures. Pourtant, les études sur les effets de ce type d’entraînement sur la performance de nage restent encore peu nombreux ; l’influence de l’âge, le genre ou le niveau compétitif sont des questions encore moins abordées. À la suite d’une recherche structurée, quinze études furent incluses dans cette révision. Parmi celles-ci, sept concluaient l’absence d’effet, positif ou négatif, sur la performance de nage. En revanche, en ce qui concerne les études qui mettent en avant les effets positifs sur la performance, l’entraînement de force maximum fût la méthodologie la plus performante, pour la plupart, chez les nageurs les plus expérimentés. L’entraînement plyométrique apparaît comme la méthodologie la plus performante pour améliorer la performance des départs et des virages. Les études futures devraient être menées pour explorer les effets de l’entraînement de force induits par l’âge et le sexe, sur les différentes distances et techniques de natation et les effets d’entraînement à long terme. Il est conseillé que l’entraînement de force à sec repose sur la force maximum, durant une période variant entre 6 et 12 semaines avec 2 ou 4 sessions hebdomadaires. Pour chaque session, les entraîneurs doivent réaliser entre 2 ou 3 séries et entre 3 ou 5 répétitions par série, tout en respectant l’intensité requise. Les intervalles de récupération doivent avoir une durée variable qui se situe entre 2 et 5 minutes, tandis que l’intensité devraient se situer entre les 80 et les 90% de 1RM. Concernant l’amélioration des départs et des virages, il est suggéré que l’entraînement de force à sec varie entre les 6 et les 8 semaines avec 2 sessions hebdomadaires. Au cours de chaque session, les nageurs sont tenus de réaliser entre 1 et 6 séries et entre 1 et 10 répétions par série, tout en respectant l’intensité requise. Les intervalles de récupération doivent avoir une durée variable qui se situe entre 60 et 90 secondes. Les nageurs des études contemplées sont en majorité de hommes auxquels on défend de dire si les recommandations faites varient selon le sexe.

ACS Style

N.M. Amaro; P.G. Morouço; M.C. Marques; N. Batalha; H. Neiva; D.A. Marinho. A systematic review on dry-land strength and conditioning training on swimming performance. Science & Sports 2018, 34, e1 -e14.

AMA Style

N.M. Amaro, P.G. Morouço, M.C. Marques, N. Batalha, H. Neiva, D.A. Marinho. A systematic review on dry-land strength and conditioning training on swimming performance. Science & Sports. 2018; 34 (1):e1-e14.

Chicago/Turabian Style

N.M. Amaro; P.G. Morouço; M.C. Marques; N. Batalha; H. Neiva; D.A. Marinho. 2018. "A systematic review on dry-land strength and conditioning training on swimming performance." Science & Sports 34, no. 1: e1-e14.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance
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Context: In front-crawl swimming, the upper limbs perform alternating movements with the aim of achieving a continuous application of force in the water, leading to lower intracyclic velocity variation (dv). This parameter has been identified as a crucial criterion for swimmers’ evaluation. Purpose: To examine the assessment of intracyclic force variation (dF) and to analyze its relationship with dv and swimming performance. Methods: A total of 22 high-level male swimmers performed a maximal-effort 50-m front-crawl time trial and a 30-s maximal-effort fully tethered swimming test, which were randomly assigned. Instantaneous velocity was obtained by a speedometer and force by a strain-gauge system. Results: Similarity was observed between the tests, with dF attaining much higher magnitudes than dv (P < .001; d = 8.89). There were no differences in stroke rate or in physiological responses between tethered and free swimming, with a high level of agreement for the stroke rate and blood lactate increase. Swimming velocity presented a strong negative linear relationship with dF (r = −.826, P < .001) and a moderate negative nonlinear relationship with dv (r = .734, P < .01). With the addition of the maximum impulse to dF, multiple-regression analysis explained 83% of the free-swimming performance. Conclusions: Assessing dF is a promising approach for evaluating a swimmer’s performance. From the experiments, this new parameter showed that swimmers with higher dF also present higher dv, leading to a decrease in performance.

ACS Style

Pedro G. Morouço; Tiago M. Barbosa; Raúl Arellano; João Paulo Vilas-Boas. Intracyclic Variation of Force and Swimming Performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 2018, 13, 897 -902.

AMA Style

Pedro G. Morouço, Tiago M. Barbosa, Raúl Arellano, João Paulo Vilas-Boas. Intracyclic Variation of Force and Swimming Performance. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 2018; 13 (7):897-902.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro G. Morouço; Tiago M. Barbosa; Raúl Arellano; João Paulo Vilas-Boas. 2018. "Intracyclic Variation of Force and Swimming Performance." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 13, no. 7: 897-902.

Articles
Published: 27 July 2018 in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering
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The aim was to compare the mechanical power and energy cost of an elite wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle. The wheelchair-athlete system was 3D scanned and then computational fluid dynamics was used to estimate the drag force. Mechanical power and energy cost were derived from a set of formulae. The effective area in the catch, release and recovery phases were 0.41 m2, 0.33 m2 and 0.24 m2, respectively. Drag increased with speed and varied across the key-moments. The catch required the highest total power (range: 62.76–423.46 W), followed-up by the release (61.50–407.85 W) and the recovery (60.09–363.89 W).

ACS Style

Pedro Forte; Daniel A. Marinho; Jorge E. Morais; Pedro Morouço; Tiago M. Barbosa. Estimation of mechanical power and energy cost in elite wheelchair racing by analytical procedures and numerical simulations. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 2018, 21, 585 -592.

AMA Style

Pedro Forte, Daniel A. Marinho, Jorge E. Morais, Pedro Morouço, Tiago M. Barbosa. Estimation of mechanical power and energy cost in elite wheelchair racing by analytical procedures and numerical simulations. Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering. 2018; 21 (10):585-592.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Forte; Daniel A. Marinho; Jorge E. Morais; Pedro Morouço; Tiago M. Barbosa. 2018. "Estimation of mechanical power and energy cost in elite wheelchair racing by analytical procedures and numerical simulations." Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering 21, no. 10: 585-592.

Conference paper
Published: 10 July 2018 in INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017)
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The aim of this study was to analyze aerodynamics in a racing position of a wheelchair-racing sprinter, at the world record speed. The athlete and wheelchair were scanned at the beginning of the propulsive phase position (hands near the handrims at 12h) for the 3D model acquisition. Numerical simulation was run on Fluent, having as output the pressure, viscosity and total drag force, and respective coefficients of drag at the world record speed in T-52 category. Total drag was 7.56N and coefficient of drag was 1.65. This work helped on getting a deeper insight about the aerodynamic profile of a wheelchair-racing athlete, at a 100m world record speed.

ACS Style

Pedro Forte; Daniel A. Marinho; Jorge E. Morais; Pedro Morouço; Paula Pascoal-Faria; Tiago M. Barbosa. Aerodynamics of a wheelchair sprinter racing at the 100m world record pace by CFD. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017) 2018, 1978, 160008 .

AMA Style

Pedro Forte, Daniel A. Marinho, Jorge E. Morais, Pedro Morouço, Paula Pascoal-Faria, Tiago M. Barbosa. Aerodynamics of a wheelchair sprinter racing at the 100m world record pace by CFD. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017). 2018; 1978 (1):160008.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Forte; Daniel A. Marinho; Jorge E. Morais; Pedro Morouço; Paula Pascoal-Faria; Tiago M. Barbosa. 2018. "Aerodynamics of a wheelchair sprinter racing at the 100m world record pace by CFD." INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017) 1978, no. 1: 160008.

Conference paper
Published: 10 July 2018 in INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017)
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Endodontic treatment aims to prevent and treat pulp and periradicular diseases, mainly through mechanical and chemical procedures. The mechanical preparation is critical for successful chemical irrigation and disinfection, as it assures that it can reach all the pulp canal system. This is mostly important where the anatomy is more complex, such as in the mesial roots of lower molars. The aim of this study was to examine the suitability of using computer fluid dynamics (CFD) for endodontic irrigation in the pulp canal system. We were mostly interested in examining the properness of this methodology to compare different mechanical preparations. Data were obtained from mandibular molar roots, scanned by computed tomography (CT) providing a three-dimensional object that was exported to the computer-assisted design (CAD) software. CAD model of an 27G side-vented irrigation needle was created and placed 3mm from the apical foramen. The flow pattern, irrigant re-placement, velocity distribution, wall stress distribution, and apical pressure in the canal can be analysed with the proposed methodology. This approach showed that CFD may be a useful tool for endodontists to evaluate the requirements in attaining a wider mechanical preparation. That will produce a better fluid dynamic of the irrigant inside, where the anatomy of the root canal is more complex, possibly leading to a better disinfection.

ACS Style

Mário Rito Pereira; Pedro Morouço; Isabel Vasconcelos; Margarida Franco; Nuno Alves; António Ginjeira. Computer fluid dynamics as a tool for analysis of endodontic irrigation. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017) 2018, 1978, 160003 .

AMA Style

Mário Rito Pereira, Pedro Morouço, Isabel Vasconcelos, Margarida Franco, Nuno Alves, António Ginjeira. Computer fluid dynamics as a tool for analysis of endodontic irrigation. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017). 2018; 1978 (1):160003.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mário Rito Pereira; Pedro Morouço; Isabel Vasconcelos; Margarida Franco; Nuno Alves; António Ginjeira. 2018. "Computer fluid dynamics as a tool for analysis of endodontic irrigation." INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017) 1978, no. 1: 160003.

Conference paper
Published: 10 July 2018 in INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017)
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The aim of the present manuscript was to provide information on the suitability of using ovine as models for conducting in vivo bone tissue engineering studies, regarding the biomechanical considerations. Despite the need of knowledge of the animal model used for bone tissue research a good planning and study design is equal important. The purpose of this review is to contribute to extrapolation of reliable data for those who pretend to use the ovine model in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

ACS Style

Rui Silva; Sandra Amado; Filipa João; Pedro Morouço; Paula Pascoal-Faria; Nuno Alves; António Veloso. Biomechanics modeling for functional analysis: Sheep model. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017) 2018, 1978, 160002 .

AMA Style

Rui Silva, Sandra Amado, Filipa João, Pedro Morouço, Paula Pascoal-Faria, Nuno Alves, António Veloso. Biomechanics modeling for functional analysis: Sheep model. INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017). 2018; 1978 (1):160002.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Rui Silva; Sandra Amado; Filipa João; Pedro Morouço; Paula Pascoal-Faria; Nuno Alves; António Veloso. 2018. "Biomechanics modeling for functional analysis: Sheep model." INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF NUMERICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS (ICNAAM 2017) 1978, no. 1: 160002.

Books
Published: 16 May 2018 in Green Chemistry Series
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Societies have been witnessing a constant increase in technology development. Likewise, the manufacturing process is shifting from a scope of massive production to massive customization. Thus, Direct Digital Manufacturing has emerged as a technical innovation that reduces the capital required to achieve emerging economies and breaks the current constraints, creating opportunities for companies to improve innovation, growth and performance. Its usage in biomedical applications has huge potential due to its ability to produce tailored products. This chapter highlights its use in the pharmaceutical domain, for surgical planning and training, and for tissue engineering. These areas of research can overlap the drawbacks of conventional methods in exploring advances in the design and printing processes. With constant evolution of the available (bio)materials and improved printing processes, enabling rapid production, complex geometries can be pursued. Examples are provided for each domain, demonstrating the future trends for adopting this manufacturing practice in our society.

ACS Style

Pedro Morouço. CHAPTER 22. The Usefulness of Direct Digital Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications. Green Chemistry Series 2018, 478 -487.

AMA Style

Pedro Morouço. CHAPTER 22. The Usefulness of Direct Digital Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications. Green Chemistry Series. 2018; ():478-487.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Morouço. 2018. "CHAPTER 22. The Usefulness of Direct Digital Manufacturing for Biomedical Applications." Green Chemistry Series , no. : 478-487.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
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David Faustino Ângelo; Pedro Morouço; Florencio Monje Gil; Lisete Mónico; Raúl González-Gárcia; Rita Sousa; Lia Neto; Inês Caldeira; Margaret Smith; Susan Smith; David Sanz; Fábio Abade dos Santos; Mário Pinho; Belmira Carrapiço; Sandra Cavaco; Carla Moura; Nuno Alves; Francisco Salvado; Christopher Little. Preclinical randomized controlled trial of bilateral discectomy versus bilateral discopexy in Black Merino sheep temporomandibular joint: TEMPOJIMS – Phase 1- histologic, imaging and body weight results. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 2018, 46, 688 -696.

AMA Style

David Faustino Ângelo, Pedro Morouço, Florencio Monje Gil, Lisete Mónico, Raúl González-Gárcia, Rita Sousa, Lia Neto, Inês Caldeira, Margaret Smith, Susan Smith, David Sanz, Fábio Abade dos Santos, Mário Pinho, Belmira Carrapiço, Sandra Cavaco, Carla Moura, Nuno Alves, Francisco Salvado, Christopher Little. Preclinical randomized controlled trial of bilateral discectomy versus bilateral discopexy in Black Merino sheep temporomandibular joint: TEMPOJIMS – Phase 1- histologic, imaging and body weight results. Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. 2018; 46 (4):688-696.

Chicago/Turabian Style

David Faustino Ângelo; Pedro Morouço; Florencio Monje Gil; Lisete Mónico; Raúl González-Gárcia; Rita Sousa; Lia Neto; Inês Caldeira; Margaret Smith; Susan Smith; David Sanz; Fábio Abade dos Santos; Mário Pinho; Belmira Carrapiço; Sandra Cavaco; Carla Moura; Nuno Alves; Francisco Salvado; Christopher Little. 2018. "Preclinical randomized controlled trial of bilateral discectomy versus bilateral discopexy in Black Merino sheep temporomandibular joint: TEMPOJIMS – Phase 1- histologic, imaging and body weight results." Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery 46, no. 4: 688-696.

Research article
Published: 28 February 2018 in PLOS ONE
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Biomechanics plays an important role helping Paralympic sprinters to excel, having the aerodynamic drag a significant impact on the athlete’s performance. The aim of this study was to assess the aerodynamics in different key-moments of the stroke cycle by Computational Fluid Dynamics. A world-ranked wheelchair sprinter was scanned on the racing wheelchair wearing his competition gear and helmet. The sprinter was scanned in three different positions: (i) catch (hands in the 12h position on the hand-rim); (ii) the release (hands in the 18h position on the hand-rim) and; (iii) recovery phase (hands do not touch the hand-rim and are hyperextended backwards). The simulations were performed at 2.0, 3.5, 5.0 and 6.5 m/s. The mean viscous and pressure drag components, total drag force and effective area were retrieved after running the numerical simulations. The viscous drag ranged from 3.35 N to 2.94 N, pressure drag from 0.38 N to 5.51 N, total drag force from 0.72 N to 8.45 N and effective area from 0.24 to 0.41 m2. The results pointed out that the sprinter was submitted to less drag in the recovery phase, and higher drag in the catch. These findings suggest the importance of keeping an adequate body alignment to avoid an increase in the drag force.

ACS Style

Pedro Forte; Daniel Marinho; Jorge E. Morais; Pedro Morouço; Tiago M. Barbosa. The variations on the aerodynamics of a world-ranked wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle: A numerical simulation analysis. PLOS ONE 2018, 13, e0193658 .

AMA Style

Pedro Forte, Daniel Marinho, Jorge E. Morais, Pedro Morouço, Tiago M. Barbosa. The variations on the aerodynamics of a world-ranked wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle: A numerical simulation analysis. PLOS ONE. 2018; 13 (2):e0193658.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pedro Forte; Daniel Marinho; Jorge E. Morais; Pedro Morouço; Tiago M. Barbosa. 2018. "The variations on the aerodynamics of a world-ranked wheelchair sprinter in the key-moments of the stroke cycle: A numerical simulation analysis." PLOS ONE 13, no. 2: e0193658.

Book chapter
Published: 14 February 2018 in Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine
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Tailoring Bioengineered Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine | InTechOpen, Published on: 2018-02-14. Authors: Sandra Amado, Pedro Morouço, Paula Pascoal-Faria, et

ACS Style

Sandra Amado; Pedro Morouço; Paula Pascoal-Faria; Nuno Alves. Tailoring Bioengineered Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine. Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine 2018, 1 .

AMA Style

Sandra Amado, Pedro Morouço, Paula Pascoal-Faria, Nuno Alves. Tailoring Bioengineered Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine. Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine. 2018; ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Sandra Amado; Pedro Morouço; Paula Pascoal-Faria; Nuno Alves. 2018. "Tailoring Bioengineered Scaffolds for Regenerative Medicine." Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine , no. : 1.