While carbon fibers (CFs) are still the most attractive reinforcement material for lightweight structures, they are mostly manufactured using crude oil-based process chains. To achieve a higher eco-efficiency, the partial substitution of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) by renewable materials, such as lignin, is investigated. So far, this investigation has only been carried out for batch manufacturing studies, neglecting the transfer and validation to continuous CF manufacturing. Therefore, this work is the first to investigate the possibility of partial substituting lignin for PAN in a continuous process. Lignin/PAN-blended CFs with up to 15 wt.-% lignin were able to attain mechanical properties comparable to unmodified PAN-based carbon fibers, achieving tensile strengths of up to 2466 MPa and a Young’s Modulus of 200 Pa. In summary, this study provides the basis for continuous Lignin/PAN-blended CF manufacturing.

Chitosan fibers (CHS) are a promising bio‐based precursor for carbon materials. However, their stabilization behavior and early‐stage thermal conversion are not well understood in fiber form. This study systematically investigated the thermo‐oxidative stabilization of chitosan yarns using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in air and nitrogen atmospheres. Stepwise stabilization experiments revealed that major chemical transformations, including dehydration, cleavage of CO/COC linkages, and changes in C–H functionalities, were largely complete within 15 min at the investigated temperatures. Extended dwell times confirmed reaction completion and revealed minor residual endothermic processes at higher temperatures. FTIR analysis showed that stabilization primarily alters functional group chemistry while leaving the overall nitrogen content largely unaffected. Carbonization experiments conducted to evaluate carbon yield showed that stabilized fibers exhibited carbon yields comparable to or slightly lower than those obtained by direct carbonization. These results provide insight into the stabilization behavior of CHS and clarify the roles of atmosphere and dwell time during early thermal conversion. This contributes to our understanding of fiber‐based chitosan precursors for developing carbon materials.

This study focuses the dynamic degradation analysis of gelatin-modified calcium/strontium phosphate bone substitute composites under controlled liquid flow