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Dr. Mohammad Ola
King Saud University College of Science, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

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Research Keywords & Expertise

0 Diabetic Retinopathy
0 Metabolism
0 oxidative stress
0 Diabetes and diabetes complication
0 Hyperglycaemia

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Diabetic Retinopathy
oxidative stress
Metabolism
Diabetes and diabetes complication

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Journal article
Published: 02 April 2021 in Cells
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Diabetes, being a metabolic disease dysregulates a large number of metabolites and factors. However, among those altered metabolites, hyperglycemia is considered as the major factor to cause an increase in oxidative stress that initiates the pathophysiology of retinal damage leading to diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes-induced oxidative stress in the diabetic retina and its damaging effects are well known, but still, the exact source and the mechanism of hyperglycemia-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation especially through mitochondria remains uncertain. In this study, we analyzed precisely the generation of ROS and the antioxidant capacity of enzymes in a real-time situation under ex vivo and in vivo conditions in the control and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat retinas. We also measured the rate of flux through the citric acid cycle by determining the oxidation of glucose to CO2 and glutamate, under ex vivo conditions in the control and diabetic retinas. Measurements of H2O2 clearance from the ex vivo control and diabetic retinas indicated that activities of mitochondrial antioxidant enzymes are intact in the diabetic retina. Short-term hyperglycemia seems to influence a decrease in ROS generation in the diabetic retina compared to controls, which is also correlated with a decreased oxidation rate of glucose in the diabetic retina. However, an increase in the formation of ROS was observed in the diabetic retinas compared to controls under in vivo conditions. Thus, our results suggest of diabetes/hyperglycemia-induced non-mitochondrial sources may serve as major sources of ROS generation in the diabetic retina as opposed to widely believed hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial sources of excess ROS. Therefore, hyperglycemia per se may not cause an increase in oxidative stress, especially through mitochondria to damage the retina as in the case of diabetic retinopathy.

ACS Style

Mohammad Ola. Does Hyperglycemia Cause Oxidative Stress in the Diabetic Rat Retina? Cells 2021, 10, 794 .

AMA Style

Mohammad Ola. Does Hyperglycemia Cause Oxidative Stress in the Diabetic Rat Retina? Cells. 2021; 10 (4):794.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Ola. 2021. "Does Hyperglycemia Cause Oxidative Stress in the Diabetic Rat Retina?" Cells 10, no. 4: 794.

Original research
Published: 01 July 2020 in Infection and Drug Resistance
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Background: Infections of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) are major threats to health, threats include diarrhoea, fever, acute intestinal inflammation, and cancer. Nevertheless, little information is available about the involvement of S. typhimurium in colon cancer etiology. Methods: The present study was designed to predict nuclear targeting of S. typhimurium proteins in the host cell through computational tools, including nuclear localization signal (NLS) mapper, Balanced Subcellular Localization predictor (BaCeILo), and Hum-mPLoc using next-generation sequencing data. Results: Several gene expression-associated proteins of S. typhimurium have been predicted to target the host nucleus during intracellular infections. Nuclear targeting of S. typhimurium proteins can lead to competitive interactions between the host and pathogen proteins with similar cellular substrates, and it may have a possible involvement in colon cancer growth. Our results suggested that S. typhimurium releases its proteins within compartments of the host cell, where they act as a component of the host cell proteome. Protein targeting is possibly involved in colon cancer etiology during intracellular bacterial infection. Conclusion: The results of current in-silico study showed the potential involvement of S. typhimurium infection with alteration in normal functioning of host cell which act as possible factor to connect with the growth and development of colon cancer.

ACS Style

Jianhua Li; Mohammed Zakariah; Abdul Malik; Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Rabbani Syed; Anis Ahmad Chaudhary; Shahanavaj Khan. Analysis of Salmonella typhimurium Protein-Targeting in the Nucleus of Host Cells and the Implications in Colon Cancer: An in-silico Approach. Infection and Drug Resistance 2020, ume 13, 2433 -2442.

AMA Style

Jianhua Li, Mohammed Zakariah, Abdul Malik, Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Rabbani Syed, Anis Ahmad Chaudhary, Shahanavaj Khan. Analysis of Salmonella typhimurium Protein-Targeting in the Nucleus of Host Cells and the Implications in Colon Cancer: An in-silico Approach. Infection and Drug Resistance. 2020; ume 13 ():2433-2442.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jianhua Li; Mohammed Zakariah; Abdul Malik; Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Rabbani Syed; Anis Ahmad Chaudhary; Shahanavaj Khan. 2020. "Analysis of Salmonella typhimurium Protein-Targeting in the Nucleus of Host Cells and the Implications in Colon Cancer: An in-silico Approach." Infection and Drug Resistance ume 13, no. : 2433-2442.

Journal article
Published: 29 April 2020 in Processes
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Bee pollens are rich source of essential amino acids and are often considered as complete food for human beings. Herein, we exploited the potential reducing abilities of Bee pollens extract for the eco-friendly preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-G). The resulting NPs were characterized using a combination of microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The analyses confirm the formation of spherical Ag NPs. AgNPs-G obtained from the aqueous extract of bee pollens was used to study their antibacterial properties against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microbes using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration 50 (MIC50) method. The antibacterial properties of AgNPs-G were compared to the properties of chemically synthesized Ag NPs (AgNPs-C) using sodium borohydride as a reducing agent. The green synthesized nanoparticles (AgNPs-G) exhibited a better antibacterial activity against most of the studied strains when compared to the chemically synthesized Ag NPs (AgNPs-C). In addition, the anti-cancer activity of Ag NPs was also studied against human liver and breast carcinoma cell lines by applying MTT-assay. The Ag NPs demonstrated considerable anticancer activity against the studied cell lines and exhibited high IC50 values in both MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines.

ACS Style

Hanan M. Al-Yousef; Musarat Amina; Ali S. Alqahtani; Mohammed S. Alqahtani; Abdul Malik; Mohammad Rafe Hatshan; Mohammed Rafiq H. Siddiqui; Mujeeb Khan; Mohammed Rafi Shaik; Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Rabbani Syed. Pollen Bee Aqueous Extract-Based Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Anti-Cancer and Anti-Bacterial Activities. Processes 2020, 8, 524 .

AMA Style

Hanan M. Al-Yousef, Musarat Amina, Ali S. Alqahtani, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Abdul Malik, Mohammad Rafe Hatshan, Mohammed Rafiq H. Siddiqui, Mujeeb Khan, Mohammed Rafi Shaik, Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Rabbani Syed. Pollen Bee Aqueous Extract-Based Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Anti-Cancer and Anti-Bacterial Activities. Processes. 2020; 8 (5):524.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Hanan M. Al-Yousef; Musarat Amina; Ali S. Alqahtani; Mohammed S. Alqahtani; Abdul Malik; Mohammad Rafe Hatshan; Mohammed Rafiq H. Siddiqui; Mujeeb Khan; Mohammed Rafi Shaik; Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Rabbani Syed. 2020. "Pollen Bee Aqueous Extract-Based Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Evaluation of Their Anti-Cancer and Anti-Bacterial Activities." Processes 8, no. 5: 524.

Review article
Published: 30 January 2020 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
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Renin angiotensin system (RAS) is an endocrine system widely known for its physiological roles in electrolyte homeostasis, body fluid volume regulation and cardiovascular control in peripheral circulation. However, brain RAS is an independent form of RAS expressed locally in the brain, which is known to be involved in brain functions and disorders. There is strong evidence for a major involvement of excessive brain angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)/Angiotensin II (Ang II)/Angiotensin type-1 receptor (AT-1R) axis in increased activation of oxidative stress, apoptosis and neuroinflammation causing neurodegeneration in several brain disorders. Numerous studies have demonstrated strong neuroprotective effects by blocking AT1R in these brain disorders. Additionally, the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/Angiotensin (1–7)/Mas receptor (MASR), is another axis of brain RAS which counteracts the damaging effects of ACE/Ang II/AT1R axis on neurons in the brain. Thus, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) and activation of ACE2/Angiotensin (1–7)/MASR axis may serve as an exciting and novel method for neuroprotection in several neurodegenerative diseases. Here in this review article, we discuss the expression of RAS in the brain and highlight how altered RAS level may cause neurodegeneration. Understanding the pathophysiology of RAS and their links to neurodegeneration has enormous potential to identify potentially effective pharmacological tools to treat neurodegenerative diseases in the brain.

ACS Style

Oyesiji A. Abiodun; Mohammad Shamsul Ola. Role of brain renin angiotensin system in neurodegeneration: An update. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2020, 27, 905 -912.

AMA Style

Oyesiji A. Abiodun, Mohammad Shamsul Ola. Role of brain renin angiotensin system in neurodegeneration: An update. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2020; 27 (3):905-912.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Oyesiji A. Abiodun; Mohammad Shamsul Ola. 2020. "Role of brain renin angiotensin system in neurodegeneration: An update." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27, no. 3: 905-912.

Journal article
Published: 18 November 2019 in Processes
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In this current study, we demonstrated the green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Myrtus communis L. plant extract (Ag-MC) and its evaluation of anticancer and antimicrobial activities. The green synthesis of (Ag-MC), was assessed by numerous characterization techniques such as ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The anti-cancer activity of the green synthesized silver nanoparticles was evaluated by the median inhibitory dose (IC50) on human liver carcinoma cell lines (HepG2). These results suggested that SN-NPs can be used as effective anticancer cell lines, as well as antibacterial and antiseptic agents in the medical field. This study showed that overexpression of aldose reductase (AR) in the human liver carcinoma cell line, HepG2, was down regulated by administration of SN-MC. The down regulation of AR was associated with abrogation of Pl3k/Akt, ERK and NF-kB pathways and the inhibition of cancer hallmarks, however, the target molecule for SN-MC was not practically established. Thus it is still unknown if the consequences were due to AR inhibition or direct Ag-MC interaction with AR.

ACS Style

Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman; Rabbani Syed; Abdullah A. Alyousef; Mohammed S. Alqahtani; Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdul Malik. Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of Myrtus communis L (AgMC) Extract Inhibits Cancer Hallmarks via Targeting Aldose Reductase (AR) and Associated Signaling Network. Processes 2019, 7, 860 .

AMA Style

Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman, Rabbani Syed, Abdullah A. Alyousef, Mohammed S. Alqahtani, Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Abdul Malik. Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of Myrtus communis L (AgMC) Extract Inhibits Cancer Hallmarks via Targeting Aldose Reductase (AR) and Associated Signaling Network. Processes. 2019; 7 (11):860.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdulwahab Ali Abuderman; Rabbani Syed; Abdullah A. Alyousef; Mohammed S. Alqahtani; Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdul Malik. 2019. "Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles of Myrtus communis L (AgMC) Extract Inhibits Cancer Hallmarks via Targeting Aldose Reductase (AR) and Associated Signaling Network." Processes 7, no. 11: 860.

Original article
Published: 27 June 2019 in Molecular Biology Reports
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From the literature review, there seem to be no studies conducted on infection caused by Helicobacter pylori in patients with gastric MALT lymphoma in the KSA region. The present research is an attempt to understand the prevalence of patients infected with H. pylori in the selected region and the role of allelic imbalance of chromosome 3p regions to understand the clinical manifestations and features associated with MALT lymphomagenesis. The researcher analyzed the frequency of infection in patients from the region of Saudi Arabia by examining the data collected from hospitals and biopsy tissue samples as per the recommended protocol. The endoscopic diagnosis was performed to collect biopsy samples. Histology and AP-PCR DNA fingerprinting analyses were performed from the endoscopic gastric mucosal biopsies collected from patients with associated gastric MALT lymphoma. The existence of H. pylori was examined based on the results of gastric mucosal biopsies stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and Steiner's silver stains. MALT, MALT lymphoma tissue samples and H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis were examined for LOH at chromosome 3p24 using standard procedures and techniques. The findings of the paper revealed the H. pylori was found to be positive in 17% of the cases significantly high among the age group of 31-50 years. Patients with MALT, MALT lymphoma, and H. pylori-associated gastritis presented features such as lymphocyte accumulation, vacuolation, Peyer's patch appearance, and lymphatic follicles. H. pylori were found to appear as a dense colored accumulated mass in the gastric epithelial layer. The findings from AP-PCR generated DNA fingerprints revealed intense band including two prominent bands in MALT lymphoma. Among other loci, 3p24 was the only one locus that showed high percentages of LOH as reported earlier in all cancer-related cases. The findings of this research paper empower the fact that allelic imbalances play a vital role in the development of MALT lymphoma. However, future researches should be conducted to identify the chromosome regions of the AP-PCR generated DNA fingerprints of human gastric MALT lymphoma in order to confirm this proposition.

ACS Style

Abdul Wahab Ali Abuderman; Rabbani Syed; Ayesha Mateen; Abdul Malik; Mohammad Ola. Epidemiological characterization, genetic alterations of Helicobacter pylori infection in chronic gastric disorder and prognostic values of heterozygosity loss in chromosome 3p. Molecular Biology Reports 2019, 46, 4323 -4332.

AMA Style

Abdul Wahab Ali Abuderman, Rabbani Syed, Ayesha Mateen, Abdul Malik, Mohammad Ola. Epidemiological characterization, genetic alterations of Helicobacter pylori infection in chronic gastric disorder and prognostic values of heterozygosity loss in chromosome 3p. Molecular Biology Reports. 2019; 46 (4):4323-4332.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdul Wahab Ali Abuderman; Rabbani Syed; Ayesha Mateen; Abdul Malik; Mohammad Ola. 2019. "Epidemiological characterization, genetic alterations of Helicobacter pylori infection in chronic gastric disorder and prognostic values of heterozygosity loss in chromosome 3p." Molecular Biology Reports 46, no. 4: 4323-4332.

Book chapter
Published: 12 April 2019 in Curcumin for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders
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Diabetic retinopathy is a common neurovascular disease of the retina which causes vision loss and blindness in working adults worldwide. Numerous studies suggest that increased oxidative stress is the central pathogenic factor in the development of diabetic retinopathy. A number of cellular and molecular studies suggest that increased oxidative stress damages neurovascular components early in diabetic retina which implicate later in the clinical pathology of diabetic retinopathy. Various therapeutic approaches to reduce oxidative stress have emerged utilizing dietary polyphenolic compounds. One such compound is curcumin, which possesses powerful antioxidant and antiinflammatory activity. This chapter discusses various protective mechanisms of curcumin in combating neurodegenerative factors including apoptosis, inflammation, and neurotrophic effects in the diabetic retina. Considering the enormous beneficial effects of curcumin, its dietary supplementation may serve as a novel strategy for preventing and treating diabetic neurovascular damage early in diabetic retinopathy.

ACS Style

Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Mohammad Ola. The Potential Beneficial Effects of Curcumin in Diabetic Retinopathy. Curcumin for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders 2019, 401 -417.

AMA Style

Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz, Abdullah S. Alhomida, Mohammad Ola. The Potential Beneficial Effects of Curcumin in Diabetic Retinopathy. Curcumin for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders. 2019; ():401-417.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Mohammad Ola. 2019. "The Potential Beneficial Effects of Curcumin in Diabetic Retinopathy." Curcumin for Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders , no. : 401-417.

Original article
Published: 04 March 2019 in Neurotoxicity Research
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Neurodegeneration in diabetic retina has been widely considered as initiating factor that may lead to vascular damage, the classical hallmark of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes induced altered glutamate metabolism in the retina, especially through glutamate excitotoxicity might play a major role in the neurodegeneration. Increased level of branched chain amino acids (BCAAs) measured in diabetic retina might cause an increase in the neurotoxic level of glutamate by transamination of citric acid cycle intermediates. In order to analyze the transamination of BCAAs and their influence on neurodegenerative factors, we treated streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with gabapentin, a leucine analogue and an inhibitor of branched chain amino transferase (BCATc). Interestingly, gabapentin lowered the retinal level of BCAAs in diabetic rats. Furthermore, gabapentin treatments ameliorated the reduced antioxidant glutathione level and increased malondialdehyde (MDA), the marker of lipid peroxidation in diabetic rat retinas. In addition, gabapentin also reduced the expression of proapoptotic caspase-3, a marker of apoptosis and increased anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 in diabetic retinas. Thus, these results suggest that gabapentin stimulates glutamate disposal, and ameliorates apoptosis and oxidative stress in diabetic rat retina. The influence of gabapentin may be due to its capacity to increase the ratio of BCKA to BCAA which in turn would reduce glutamate excitotoxicity in diabetic retina.

ACS Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Kathryn F. LaNoue. Gabapentin Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Diabetic Rat Retina. Neurotoxicity Research 2019, 36, 81 -90.

AMA Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Abdullah S. Alhomida, Kathryn F. LaNoue. Gabapentin Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Diabetic Rat Retina. Neurotoxicity Research. 2019; 36 (1):81-90.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Kathryn F. LaNoue. 2019. "Gabapentin Attenuates Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis in the Diabetic Rat Retina." Neurotoxicity Research 36, no. 1: 81-90.

Journal article
Published: 29 November 2018 in Brain Research Bulletin
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Müller glial cells are highly metabolic active cells that compensate for the high energy demand of retinal neurons. It has been believed that glucose provides the energy needs by the complete oxidation within Müller cells. However, numerous studies indicated that glial cells convert the majority of glucose to lactate, which may serve as an energy source for neurons. It is still not well understood why within glia, glucose is not completely oxidized under aerobic glycolysis conditions. The aspartate glutamate carrier (AGC) is a major component of the malate-aspartate shuttle (MAS) responsible for transporting the reducing equivalent of glycolysis to the mitochondria for the complete oxidation of glucose. Here, we report the absence of AGC within Müller glial cells which impairs the ability to oxidize glucose. We investigated the expression and localization of AGC and its isoforms (aralar and citrin) in the intact rat retina. We also analyzed the expression and regulation of AGC and its metabolic activity within cultured Müller cells (TR-MUL). The results suggest that AGC and its isoforms seem to be neuronal, with no or low expression within Müller cells of the intact retina. The study of cultured Müller cells suggests a very low expression of AGC and a decreased metabolic activity of the carrier especially under cell differentiation conditions due to low serum and hydrocortisone treatments. Thus, these data give a molecular explanation of increased levels of lactate formation due to a lack of AGC in the retina by Müller glial cells.

ACS Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Kathryn F. LaNoue. Molecular basis for increased lactate formation in the Müller glial cells of retina. Brain Research Bulletin 2018, 144, 158 -163.

AMA Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Kathryn F. LaNoue. Molecular basis for increased lactate formation in the Müller glial cells of retina. Brain Research Bulletin. 2018; 144 ():158-163.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Kathryn F. LaNoue. 2018. "Molecular basis for increased lactate formation in the Müller glial cells of retina." Brain Research Bulletin 144, no. : 158-163.

Book chapter
Published: 01 January 2018 in Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Diabetes is widely considered as a sedentary lifestyle disease. Diet is one of the main factors of lifestyle that contribute to the development of diabetes epidemic and its complications. Many studies reported the effect of individual food or nutrients in diabetes but not much focus is given on dietary pattern. Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) is believed as a healthy dietary pattern for the management of diabetes and its associated complications including neuropathy and retinopathy. Recent experimental and clinical studies suggest that MedDiet is associated with the reduced risk of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. MedDiet consists of high consumption of fruits, vegetables, grains, and fish, while less consumption of red meat and saturated fat. These diets have high content of molecules and factors which are known to serve as antioxidants, antiinflammatory, and neuroprotective that exhibit a strong potential to prevent diabetes and its complications including retinopathy.

ACS Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdullah S. Alhomida. Mediterranean Diet and Diabetic Retinopathy. Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases 2018, 171 -181.

AMA Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Abdullah S. Alhomida. Mediterranean Diet and Diabetic Retinopathy. Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases. 2018; ():171-181.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdullah S. Alhomida. 2018. "Mediterranean Diet and Diabetic Retinopathy." Role of the Mediterranean Diet in the Brain and Neurodegenerative Diseases , no. : 171-181.

Journal article
Published: 24 October 2017 in Nutrients
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the leading causes of decreased vision and blindness worldwide. Diabetes-induced oxidative stress is believed to be the key factor that initiates neuronal damage in the diabetic retina leading to DR. Experimental approaches to utilize dietary flavonoids, which possess both antidiabetic and antioxidant activities, might protect the retinal damage in diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential protective effects of naringenin in the retina of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetic rats were orally treated and untreated with naringenin (50 mg/kg/day) for five weeks and retinas were analyzed for markers of oxidative stress, apoptosis and neurotrophic factors. Systemic effects of naringenin treatments were also analyzed and compared with untreated groups. The results showed that elevated levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) and decreased level of glutathione (GSH) in diabetic rats were ameliorated with naringenin treatments. Moreover, decreased levels of neuroprotective factors (Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)), tropomyosin related kinase B (TrkB) and synaptophysin in diabetic retina were augmented with naringenin treatments. In addition, naringenin treatment ameliorated the levels of apoptosis regulatory proteins; B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax) and caspase-3 in the diabetic retina. Thus, the study demonstrates the beneficial effects of naringenin that possesses anti-diabetic, antioxidant and antiapoptotic properties, which may limit neurodegeneration by providing neurotrophic support to prevent retinal damage in diabetic retinopathy.

ACS Style

Dalia I. Al-Dosari; Mohammed M. Ahmed; Salim S. Al-Rejaie; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Mohammad S. Ola. Flavonoid Naringenin Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Improves Neurotrophic Effects in the Diabetic Rat Retina. Nutrients 2017, 9, 1161 .

AMA Style

Dalia I. Al-Dosari, Mohammed M. Ahmed, Salim S. Al-Rejaie, Abdullah S. Alhomida, Mohammad S. Ola. Flavonoid Naringenin Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Improves Neurotrophic Effects in the Diabetic Rat Retina. Nutrients. 2017; 9 (10):1161.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dalia I. Al-Dosari; Mohammed M. Ahmed; Salim S. Al-Rejaie; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Mohammad S. Ola. 2017. "Flavonoid Naringenin Attenuates Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Improves Neurotrophic Effects in the Diabetic Rat Retina." Nutrients 9, no. 10: 1161.

Review
Published: 25 September 2017 in Current Medicinal Chemistry
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major diabetes complication and the leading cause for vision loss and blindness in the adult human population. Diabetes, being an endocrinological disorder dysregulates a number of hormonal systems including the renin angiotensin system (RAS), which thereby may damage both vascular and neuronal cells in the retina. Angiotensin II (Ang II), an active component of the RAS is increased in diabetic retina, and may play a significant role in neurovascular damage leading to the progression of DR. In this review article, we highlight the role of Ang II in the pathogenesis of retinal damage in diabetes and discuss a newly identified mechanism involving tissue chymase and angiotensin-(1-12) [Ang-(1-12)] pathways. We also discuss the therapeutic effects of potential RAS inhibitors targeting blockade of cellular Ang II formation to prevent/ protect the retinal damage. Thus, a better understanding of Ang II formation pathways in the diabetic retina will elucidate early molecular mechanism of vision loss. These concepts may provide a novel strategy for preventing and/or treating diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness worldwide.

ACS Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Carlos M. Ferrario; Sarfaraz Ahmad. Role of Tissue Renin-angiotensin System and the Chymase/angiotensin-( 1-12) Axis in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy. Current Medicinal Chemistry 2017, 24, 3104 -3114.

AMA Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Abdullah S. Alhomida, Carlos M. Ferrario, Sarfaraz Ahmad. Role of Tissue Renin-angiotensin System and the Chymase/angiotensin-( 1-12) Axis in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy. Current Medicinal Chemistry. 2017; 24 (28):3104-3114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Abdullah S. Alhomida; Carlos M. Ferrario; Sarfaraz Ahmad. 2017. "Role of Tissue Renin-angiotensin System and the Chymase/angiotensin-( 1-12) Axis in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy." Current Medicinal Chemistry 24, no. 28: 3104-3114.

Review
Published: 14 September 2017 in Current Drug Targets
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ACS Style

Abdullah S. Alhomida; Mohammad Ola; Dalia Ibrahim Al-Dosary; Abdullah S. Alhomida And Mohammad S. Ola Dalia Ibrahim Al-Dosary. Protective Effects of Dietary Flavonoids in Diabetic Induced Retinal Neurodegeneration. Current Drug Targets 2017, 18, 1468 -1476.

AMA Style

Abdullah S. Alhomida, Mohammad Ola, Dalia Ibrahim Al-Dosary, Abdullah S. Alhomida And Mohammad S. Ola Dalia Ibrahim Al-Dosary. Protective Effects of Dietary Flavonoids in Diabetic Induced Retinal Neurodegeneration. Current Drug Targets. 2017; 18 (13):1468-1476.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abdullah S. Alhomida; Mohammad Ola; Dalia Ibrahim Al-Dosary; Abdullah S. Alhomida And Mohammad S. Ola Dalia Ibrahim Al-Dosary. 2017. "Protective Effects of Dietary Flavonoids in Diabetic Induced Retinal Neurodegeneration." Current Drug Targets 18, no. 13: 1468-1476.

Book chapter
Published: 02 January 2017 in Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders
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ACS Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz; Abdullah S. Alhomida. Effects of Phytochemicals on Diabetic Retino-neuropathy. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders 2017, 199 -211.

AMA Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz, Abdullah S. Alhomida. Effects of Phytochemicals on Diabetic Retino-neuropathy. Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders. 2017; ():199-211.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Mohd Imtiaz Nawaz; Abdullah S. Alhomida. 2017. "Effects of Phytochemicals on Diabetic Retino-neuropathy." Neuroprotective Effects of Phytochemicals in Neurological Disorders , no. : 199-211.

Journal article
Published: 03 December 2016 in Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences
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Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a severe complication of diabetes and the leading cause of blindness among working adults worldwide. DR is being widely recognized as a neurodegenerative disease of the retina, since, retinal neurons are damaged soon after diabetes onset. Diabetes-induced oxidative stress is considered as central factor that dysregulates neurotrophic factors and activates apoptosis, thereby damages neurons in the diabetic retina. Flavonoids being a powerful antioxidant have been considered to protect neurons in diabetic retina. The purpose of this study was to analyze the beneficial effects of flavonoid, quercetin to protect neurons in the diabetic rat retina. We quantitated the expression levels of BDNF, NGF, TrkB, synaptophysin, Akt, Bcl-2, cytochrome c and caspase-3 using Western blotting techniques in the diabetic retina with and without quercetin treatments and compared with non-diabetic rats. In addition, we employed ELISA techniques to determine the level of BDNF. Caspase-3 activity and the level of glutathione were analyzed by biochemical methods. Our results indicate that quercetin treatment to diabetic rats caused a significant increase in the level of neurotrophic factors and inhibited the level of cytochrome c and caspase-3 activity in the diabetic retina. Furthermore, the level of an anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was augmented in quercetin treated diabetic retina. Thus, quercetin, may protect the neuronal damage in diabetic retina by ameliorating the levels of neurotrophic factors and also by inhibiting the apoptosis of neurons. Therefore, this study suggests that quercetin can be a suitable therapeutic agent to prevent neurodegeneration in diabetic retinopathy.

ACS Style

Mohammad S. Ola; M.M. Ahmed; Shakeeb Shams; Salim S. Al-Rejaie. Neuroprotective effects of quercetin in diabetic rat retina. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 2016, 24, 1186 -1194.

AMA Style

Mohammad S. Ola, M.M. Ahmed, Shakeeb Shams, Salim S. Al-Rejaie. Neuroprotective effects of quercetin in diabetic rat retina. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences. 2016; 24 (6):1186-1194.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad S. Ola; M.M. Ahmed; Shakeeb Shams; Salim S. Al-Rejaie. 2016. "Neuroprotective effects of quercetin in diabetic rat retina." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 24, no. 6: 1186-1194.

Validation study
Published: 21 April 2016 in Journal of Chromatographic Science
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ITALIC! N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) is the ITALIC! N-acetyl derivative of the amino acidl-cysteine and is extensively used as a medicine to treat a variety of diseases. High-throughput ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) method has been developed for the quantitative assessment of ITALIC! N-acetyl-l-cysteine. The method was further applied to study the distribution of the intraperitoneal injected drug into different tissues and plasma of Wistar rats, including liver, kidney, heart, lungs and spleen. The drug was having highest concentration in plasma and liver followed by kidney, lungs, heart and spleen. Method validation studies suggested being linear in the range of 1-15 µg mL(-1)for liver, kidney, heart, lungs and spleen and 1-120 µg mL(-1)for the plasma. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation were found to be 0.20 and 0.66 µg mL(-1), respectively. The recovery studies suggested that in all the cases, the obtained recovery was in the range of 98.51-101.88%. Our analyses provide a validated UPLC-MS method for the determination of NAC and its successful application for the analysis in plasma and tissues obtained from Wistar rats.

ACS Style

Masoom Raza Siddiqui; Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur; Mohammad Ola; Zeid A. Alothman; Mohammad Zulfiqar Ali Rafiquee; Moonis Ali Khan. High-Throughput UPLC–MS Method for the Determination ofN-Acetyl-l-Cysteine: Application in Tissue Distribution Study in Wistar Rats. Journal of Chromatographic Science 2016, 54, 1244 -1252.

AMA Style

Masoom Raza Siddiqui, Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur, Mohammad Ola, Zeid A. Alothman, Mohammad Zulfiqar Ali Rafiquee, Moonis Ali Khan. High-Throughput UPLC–MS Method for the Determination ofN-Acetyl-l-Cysteine: Application in Tissue Distribution Study in Wistar Rats. Journal of Chromatographic Science. 2016; 54 (7):1244-1252.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Masoom Raza Siddiqui; Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur; Mohammad Ola; Zeid A. Alothman; Mohammad Zulfiqar Ali Rafiquee; Moonis Ali Khan. 2016. "High-Throughput UPLC–MS Method for the Determination ofN-Acetyl-l-Cysteine: Application in Tissue Distribution Study in Wistar Rats." Journal of Chromatographic Science 54, no. 7: 1244-1252.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2016 in Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry
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Highlights•Molecular oxygen reduction by 2-mercaptoethanol in presence of cobalt(II)histidine.•Molecular oxygen react in the form of an adduct with cobalt(II)histidine.•Decrease in absorbance of dioxygen complex was monitored spectrophotometrically. AbstractReduction of molecular oxygen by 2-mercaptoethanol in the presence of cobalt(II)histidine is described. Cobalt(II)histidine complex forms dinuclear 2:1 (Co:O2) complex with molecular oxygen (μ-dioxytetrakis(histidinato)dicobalt(II)). The molecular oxygen did not directly react with 2-mercaptoethanol, but, reacted in the form of an adduct with cobalt(II)histidine complex. During the course of the reaction the molecular oxygen is reduced to hydroxide ion while the cobalt(II)histidine complex was oxidized to cobalt(III)histidine while 2-mercaptoethanol is reduced into 2,2′-dithiodiethanol. The decrease in absorbance for the dioxygen complex was monitored spectrophotometrically and was observed that the values of rate constant increased with the increase in [2-mercaptoethanol]. The values of kobs also increased with increasing [NaOH]. Thus, from the results of these studies, mechanism of the reaction has been proposed. In addition, the values of various equilibrium constants and rate constants were also determined using nonlinear least square techniques. Graphical abstractRepetitive scans of absorption spectra of solution containing [CoL2] = 2.0 × 10−3 mol dm−3, [2-mercaptoethanol] = 2.0 × 10−2 mol dm−3 and [NaOH] = 5.0 × 10−4 mol dm−3 at 5.0 ± 0.1 °C. The scans were recorded at the intervals of 120 s. The arrow indicates that the values of absorbance decreases with the progress of reaction with the increase in time.

ACS Style

M.Z.A. Rafiquee; Masoom R. Siddiqui; H.N. Haque; Mohammad Ola; Hamad A. Al-Lohedan; Z.A. Al-Othman; Saikh M. Wabaidur. Activation of molecular oxygen for the oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol: A kinetic and mechanistic approach. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 2016, 34, 84 -88.

AMA Style

M.Z.A. Rafiquee, Masoom R. Siddiqui, H.N. Haque, Mohammad Ola, Hamad A. Al-Lohedan, Z.A. Al-Othman, Saikh M. Wabaidur. Activation of molecular oxygen for the oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol: A kinetic and mechanistic approach. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. 2016; 34 ():84-88.

Chicago/Turabian Style

M.Z.A. Rafiquee; Masoom R. Siddiqui; H.N. Haque; Mohammad Ola; Hamad A. Al-Lohedan; Z.A. Al-Othman; Saikh M. Wabaidur. 2016. "Activation of molecular oxygen for the oxidation of 2-mercaptoethanol: A kinetic and mechanistic approach." Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry 34, no. : 84-88.

Research article
Published: 24 May 2015 in Neurological Research
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Present study aims to investigate the ameliorative effects of naringenin (NG) on experimentally induced diabetic neuropathy (DN) in rats. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg). Naringenin (25 and 50 mg/kg/day) treatment was started 2 weeks after the diabetes induction and continued for five consecutive weeks. Pain threshold behaviour tests were performed at the end of the treatment. Serum levels of glucose, insulin and pro-inflammatory cytokines were assessed. In sciatic tissues, markers oxidative stress, cytokines and neurotrophic factors were measured. NG treatments showed significant decrease in paw-withdrawal (P < 0.01) and tail-flick latency (P < 0.01). The drug attenuated the diabetic-induced changes in serum glucose, insulin and pro-inflammatory cytokines including tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). In sciatic nerve, the diabetic-induced alterations in interleukins and oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly attenuated by NG. Decreased sciatic expressions of insulin growth factor (IGF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) in diabetic rats were also ameliorated by NG. Diabetes-induced dysregulated levels of nitric oxide (NO), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) were ameliorated by NG. Histological analysis showed that NG corrected the altered sciatic changes in diabetic animals. We suggest that neuro-protective effect of NG molecules in sciatic nerve of diabetic rats, through its anti-diabetic as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.

ACS Style

Salim S. Al-Rejaie; Abdulaziz M. Aleisa; Hatem M. Abuohashish; Mihir Y. Parmar; Mohammad Ola; Abdulaziz A. Al-Hosaini; Mohammed M. Ahmed. Naringenin neutralises oxidative stress and nerve growth factor discrepancy in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Neurological Research 2015, 37, 924 -933.

AMA Style

Salim S. Al-Rejaie, Abdulaziz M. Aleisa, Hatem M. Abuohashish, Mihir Y. Parmar, Mohammad Ola, Abdulaziz A. Al-Hosaini, Mohammed M. Ahmed. Naringenin neutralises oxidative stress and nerve growth factor discrepancy in experimental diabetic neuropathy. Neurological Research. 2015; 37 (10):924-933.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Salim S. Al-Rejaie; Abdulaziz M. Aleisa; Hatem M. Abuohashish; Mihir Y. Parmar; Mohammad Ola; Abdulaziz A. Al-Hosaini; Mohammed M. Ahmed. 2015. "Naringenin neutralises oxidative stress and nerve growth factor discrepancy in experimental diabetic neuropathy." Neurological Research 37, no. 10: 924-933.

Journal article
Published: 01 May 2015 in Journal of Molecular Neuroscience
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Diabetic retinopathy is widely recognized as a neurodegenerative disease of the eye. Increased oxidative stress has been considered the central factor in damaging neural retina in diabetes. Flavonoids, being powerful antioxidants, play protective roles in several oxidative stress-mediated neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we analyzed the neuroprotective effects of a potential flavonoid, rutin, in the diabetic rat retina. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by single injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). In age-matched control (non-diabetic) and 1 week of diabetic rats, rutin (100 mg/kg/day) was orally administered and continued for 5 weeks. In another group of diabetic rats, only saline was supplemented. After treatments, retinas from all the groups were isolated and analyzed for potential neurotrophic factors and apoptotic and oxidative stress markers using biochemical and immunoblotting techniques. Our results indicate that rutin possesses antidiabetic activity, as blood glucose level decreased and insulin level increased in diabetic rats. In the diabetic retina, rutin supplementation enhanced the reduced levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and glutathione (GSH) (P < 0.05), and reduced the level of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) (P < 0.05). In addition, rutin treatment showed antiapoptotic activity by decreasing the level of caspase-3 and increasing the level of Bcl-2 in the diabetic retina. These results suggest the effectiveness of rutin in ameliorating the levels of neuroprotective factors in diabetic retina. Therefore, rutin might be a potential flavonoid that can prevent the retinal damage and subsequently the development of diabetic retinopathy.

ACS Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Mohammed M. Ahmed; Rehan Ahmad; Hatem M. Abuohashish; Salim S. Al-Rejaie; Abdullah S. Alhomida. Neuroprotective Effects of Rutin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Retina. Journal of Molecular Neuroscience 2015, 56, 440 -448.

AMA Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola, Mohammed M. Ahmed, Rehan Ahmad, Hatem M. Abuohashish, Salim S. Al-Rejaie, Abdullah S. Alhomida. Neuroprotective Effects of Rutin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Retina. Journal of Molecular Neuroscience. 2015; 56 (2):440-448.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mohammad Shamsul Ola; Mohammed M. Ahmed; Rehan Ahmad; Hatem M. Abuohashish; Salim S. Al-Rejaie; Abdullah S. Alhomida. 2015. "Neuroprotective Effects of Rutin in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat Retina." Journal of Molecular Neuroscience 56, no. 2: 440-448.

Journal article
Published: 20 February 2015 in Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
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The application of traditional medicine for diabetes and associated complications, such as diabetic neuropathy (DN), has received increasing attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential ameliorative effect of Gymnema sylvestre (Gs) in a rat model of DN. Diabetes was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg). Treatment with Gs extract (50 or 100 mg/kg/day) began two weeks following the administration of STZ and was continued for five weeks. Pain threshold behavior tests were performed subsequent to the five-week Gs treatment period. In addition, the serum levels of glucose, insulin and proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, were determined. Furthermore, the sciatic tissue levels of nitric oxide, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reduced glutathione were determined, as well as the activity levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase. Levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF), nerve growth factor (NGF), TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were also assessed in the sciatic tissue. In addition, the sciatic nerve tissue samples were analyzed for histopathological alterations. The diabetic rats exhibited apparent reductions in the paw-withdrawal (31%; P<0.01) and tail-flick latencies (38%; P<0.05). Furthermore, the diabetic rats demonstrated an evident elevation in serum and sciatic levels of proinflammatory cytokines. Measured oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly altered in the sciatic nerve tissue of the diabetic rats. Treatment with Gs attenuated diabetes-induced modifications with regard to the levels of serum glucose, insulin and proinflammatory cytokines. In the sciatic nerve tissue, the diabetes-induced alterations in IL levels and oxidative stress biomarkers were significantly improved in the Gs-treated rats. Furthermore, the reduction in the sciatic tissue expression levels of IGF and NGF was also ameliorated by Gs treatment. Histological analysis indicated that Gs corrected the sciatic tissue in the diabetic rats. Therefore, the results demonstrated that the neuroprotective effect of Gs may be associated with the inhibitory effect on the excessive activation of inflammatory molecules and oxidative stress mediators.

ACS Style

Amal Jamil Fatani; Salim Salih Al-Rejaie; Hatem Mustafa Abuohashish; Abdullah Al-Assaf; Mihir Yogeshkumar Parmar; Mohammad Ola; Mohammed Mahboobuddin Ahmed. Neuroprotective effects of Gymnema sylvestre on streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 2015, 9, 1670 -1678.

AMA Style

Amal Jamil Fatani, Salim Salih Al-Rejaie, Hatem Mustafa Abuohashish, Abdullah Al-Assaf, Mihir Yogeshkumar Parmar, Mohammad Ola, Mohammed Mahboobuddin Ahmed. Neuroprotective effects of Gymnema sylvestre on streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine. 2015; 9 (5):1670-1678.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Amal Jamil Fatani; Salim Salih Al-Rejaie; Hatem Mustafa Abuohashish; Abdullah Al-Assaf; Mihir Yogeshkumar Parmar; Mohammad Ola; Mohammed Mahboobuddin Ahmed. 2015. "Neuroprotective effects of Gymnema sylvestre on streptozotocin-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats." Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 9, no. 5: 1670-1678.