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Ivan Ka Wai Lai
Faculty of International Tourism and Management, City University of Macau, Taipa, Macau

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Journal article
Published: 21 July 2021 in Journal of Destination Marketing & Management
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There is a trend for destination marketers to create a 360-degree virtual video to promote their tourist spots. This study examines how the response factors to a 360-degree virtual tour develop a sense of presence and form a destination image. Data were collected from 375 individuals after they had been sightseeing with a 360-degree virtual video of Dinghu Mountain in China. The results of the survey indicate that the viewers' mental imagery and engagement in response to the video influence the formation of a sense of presence, a cognitive image, and an affective image of the destination. Although the immersion in response influences the formation of a sense of presence and a cognitive image, it does not show a significant effect on the affective image. Moreover, the sense of presence, the cognitive image, and the affective image developed through the 360-degree virtual tour affect the viewers' feelings towards the destination. This study contributes to an understanding of the mechanism of the formation of the destination image from the psychological responses to this ‘visiting’ experience. It also provides destination marketers with valuable information regarding the design of 360-degree virtual tours for target marketing.

ACS Style

Xiaohong Wu; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Identifying the response factors in the formation of a sense of presence and a destination image from a 360-degree virtual tour. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2021, 21, 100640 .

AMA Style

Xiaohong Wu, Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Identifying the response factors in the formation of a sense of presence and a destination image from a 360-degree virtual tour. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2021; 21 ():100640.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaohong Wu; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2021. "Identifying the response factors in the formation of a sense of presence and a destination image from a 360-degree virtual tour." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 21, no. : 100640.

Journal article
Published: 20 July 2021 in Journal of Destination Marketing & Management
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Many gaming tourist destinations are now tending to provide more non-gaming activities to evolve their image for diversifying their tourism market. When tourists visit a gaming tourist destination, they can obtain memorable tourism experiences (MTEs) from both gaming and non-gaming activities. However, previous studies on MTEs have only focused on all memorable experiences as a whole. This study aims to construct a research model that links gaming MTEs and non-gaming MTEs with the destination image, overall satisfaction, and behavioural intentions to understand how gaming MTEs and non-gaming MTEs work together to influence tourists' behaviours. The results of this study indicate that non-gaming MTEs have a stronger impact than gaming MTEs on the destination image, both gaming and non-gaming MTEs influence tourists' revisit intention, but gaming MTEs have no significant influence on overall satisfaction and word-of-mouth. This study then applies multi-group analysis to compare the results from two age groups. The results indicate that gaming MTEs do not influence the young group's perception of the destination image. This study helps gaming destinations to establish marketing strategies by providing non-gaming MTEs to build a positive destination image and word-of-mouth publicity. It also recommends that casino operators enhance their gaming MTEs to attract repeat visitors.

ACS Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Gaming and non-gaming memorable tourism experiences: How do they influence young and mature tourists’ behavioural intentions? Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2021, 21, 100642 .

AMA Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong, Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Gaming and non-gaming memorable tourism experiences: How do they influence young and mature tourists’ behavioural intentions? Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2021; 21 ():100642.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2021. "Gaming and non-gaming memorable tourism experiences: How do they influence young and mature tourists’ behavioural intentions?" Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 21, no. : 100642.

Psychology
Published: 08 July 2021 in Frontiers in Psychology
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This study aims to apply self-congruity theory to examine the relationship between self-congruity of tourists and their perceived image of a gambling destination. This study employs the Euclidean distance model and extends Malhotra's pars of adjectives with five new items about gambling motives. A face-to-face questionnaire survey was used, and a total of 152 samples were collected from tourists in Macau. The results show that the actual self-image of tourists is more related to their perception of Macau image. For actual congruence, tourists exhibit a greater tendency to match the informal, liberal, and emotional image of Macau. For ideal congruence, they have a tendency to match the contemporary, organized, and pleasant image of Macau. This study makes up for the deficiency of self-congruity theory in tourism research. This study helps tourism departments to develop appropriate strategies to promote gambling tourism and disseminate relevant information that can bring gambling destinations closer to tourists.

ACS Style

Mao-Hua Li; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Actual Self-Image Versus Ideal Self-Image: An Exploratory Study of Self-Congruity Effects on Gambling Tourism. Frontiers in Psychology 2021, 12, 1 .

AMA Style

Mao-Hua Li, Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Actual Self-Image Versus Ideal Self-Image: An Exploratory Study of Self-Congruity Effects on Gambling Tourism. Frontiers in Psychology. 2021; 12 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Mao-Hua Li; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2021. "Actual Self-Image Versus Ideal Self-Image: An Exploratory Study of Self-Congruity Effects on Gambling Tourism." Frontiers in Psychology 12, no. : 1.

Research article
Published: 30 June 2021 in Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research
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This study investigated the relationship between government enforcement actions, resident satisfaction with government performance, resident trust in government, and resident support for tourism recovery. A survey instrument was designed to evaluate resident satisfaction with six enforcement actions (appropriate, timely, executive ability, sustainable, cooperation with stakeholders, and transparency) taken by the Macao government during the COVID-19 pandemic. Each factor had a different effect on satisfaction and trust that influenced the resident support for tourism recovery. This study developed a tool to evaluate government enforcement actions in response to the tourism crisis and provided timely suggestions to the government for tourism recovery.

ACS Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Effect of government enforcement actions on resident support for tourism recovery during the COVID-19 crisis in Macao, China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 2021, 26, 973 -987.

AMA Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong, Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Effect of government enforcement actions on resident support for tourism recovery during the COVID-19 crisis in Macao, China. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. 2021; 26 (9):973-987.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2021. "Effect of government enforcement actions on resident support for tourism recovery during the COVID-19 crisis in Macao, China." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 26, no. 9: 973-987.

Articles
Published: 13 February 2021 in Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research
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This study combines the experience economy theory with perceived value theory to explore the mechanism of how e-WOM regarding culinary tourism in social media is generated from tourists’ culinary experience in a destination. This study indicates that different realms of destination cuisine experience have different roles in influencing perceived functional and emotional values, emotional value is the major source affecting tourists’ satisfaction with and memory of the destination cuisine experience, and memory takes a major role in the e-WOM generation intention. Among the four realms of the cuisine experience, entertainment has the greatest total effect on e-WOM generation intention.

ACS Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Yide Liu; Dong Lu. The effects of tourists’ destination culinary experience on electronic word-of-mouth generation intention: the experience economy theory. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 2021, 26, 231 -244.

AMA Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Yide Liu, Dong Lu. The effects of tourists’ destination culinary experience on electronic word-of-mouth generation intention: the experience economy theory. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. 2021; 26 (3):231-244.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Yide Liu; Dong Lu. 2021. "The effects of tourists’ destination culinary experience on electronic word-of-mouth generation intention: the experience economy theory." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 26, no. 3: 231-244.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2021 in Sustainability
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Many regions and countries hope to employ cultural leisure products to obtain economic benefits. However, in the process of globalisation, cultural standardisation has posed difficulties for vulnerable cultures in terms of cultural inheritance and sustainable development. As with many intangible cultural heritages, Cantonese opera is also facing a shrinking market. Hence, to develop the strategy of sustainable development of Cantonese opera, this research aims to clarify the connection between cultural identity and loyalty in cultural leisure consumption in the context of Cantonese opera as a leisure product. The results show that each dimension of cultural identity has a positive effect on perceived value, and two dimensions positively affect satisfaction. The path of cultural identity building loyalty is also confirmed to be through perceived value and satisfaction. Future studies and the consequences of future practices are discussed.

ACS Style

Jian Yang; Jian Luo; Ivan Lai. Construction of Leisure Consumer Loyalty from Cultural Identity—A Case of Cantonese Opera. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1980 .

AMA Style

Jian Yang, Jian Luo, Ivan Lai. Construction of Leisure Consumer Loyalty from Cultural Identity—A Case of Cantonese Opera. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (4):1980.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jian Yang; Jian Luo; Ivan Lai. 2021. "Construction of Leisure Consumer Loyalty from Cultural Identity—A Case of Cantonese Opera." Sustainability 13, no. 4: 1980.

Journal article
Published: 02 January 2021 in Technology in Society
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The continuous spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is causing people to feel anxiety and stress. This study constructs a four-layer research model to examine how a 360° virtual tour can reduce people's psychological stress through two types of presence (the sense of presence and telepresence) and affective-motivational states (enjoyment and involvement) in this extraordinary period of the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to test the moderating effect of involvement, partial least squares (PLS) analysis is employed to analyse valid data collected from 235 individuals. The results of this study indicate that telepresence has a higher impact in generating affective-motivational states than the sense of presence. Among the factors, enjoyment shows the highest effect on satisfaction with the 360° virtual tour experience and stress reduction; involvement moderates the effect of telepresence on satisfaction with the 360° virtual tour experience. This study also contributes to virtual reality research by distinguishing the concepts of ‘sense of presence’ and ‘telepresence’ as well as demonstrating the mechanisms whereby virtual reality technology influences people's psychological well-being. Timely recommendations are provided for people in order to reduce psychological stress during and after COVID-19 pandemic.

ACS Style

Ting Yang; Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Zhao Bin Fan; Qing Min Mo. The impact of a 360° virtual tour on the reduction of psychological stress caused by COVID-19. Technology in Society 2021, 64, 101514 -101514.

AMA Style

Ting Yang, Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Zhao Bin Fan, Qing Min Mo. The impact of a 360° virtual tour on the reduction of psychological stress caused by COVID-19. Technology in Society. 2021; 64 ():101514-101514.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ting Yang; Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Zhao Bin Fan; Qing Min Mo. 2021. "The impact of a 360° virtual tour on the reduction of psychological stress caused by COVID-19." Technology in Society 64, no. : 101514-101514.

Journal article
Published: 16 December 2020 in Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management
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The effects of company-stimulated antecedents of developing relationship quality have been widely examined. This study aims to take this further, developing a triadic reciprocal-causation model to investigate how customer-created cognition influences relationship quality and ensuing perceived performance in exhibitions. The results of partial least squares analysis on data collected from 395 exhibitors in Macau indicate that exhibitor engagement readiness positively influences three components of relationship quality (satisfaction, trust, and commitment) and that three components positively influence the perceived performance of exhibitions. Furthermore, the results of the multi-group analysis indicate the effect of trust on the commitment of business show exhibitors is higher than that of public show exhibitors. The study illustrates the synthesis of the relationship quality theory, customer engagement theory, and social cognitive theory. This alters our current understanding of relationship quality in the event setting. It also provides recommendations for stakeholders to maintain relationship quality to improve performance.

ACS Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Jose Weng Chou Wong. From exhibitor engagement readiness to perceived exhibition performance via relationship quality. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2020, 46, 144 -152.

AMA Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Jose Weng Chou Wong. From exhibitor engagement readiness to perceived exhibition performance via relationship quality. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 2020; 46 ():144-152.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Jose Weng Chou Wong. 2020. "From exhibitor engagement readiness to perceived exhibition performance via relationship quality." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 46, no. : 144-152.

Journal article
Published: 09 October 2020 in Sustainability
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This study applies the partnership quality theory to investigate how the perceived information sharing quality from express delivery service providers can affect logistics service performance for online shoppers in terms of partnership quality (including trust and commitment) and willingness to share information from E-commerce enterprises. Based on 421 samples of E-commerce enterprises in China, the results of structural equation modelling revealed that perceived information sharing quality affects partnership trust, which in turn affects the partnership commitment and willingness to share information. Partnership quality and willingness to share information affect the perceived performance of the express delivery services. Surprisingly, information sharing quality does not play a role in commitment. This study provides a theoretical contribution to E-commerce supply chain research in constructing a cognition, affective, behavior, and conative performance model for further research.

ACS Style

Yaoguang Zhong; Ivan Lai; Fangfang Guo; Huajun Tang. Effects of Partnership Quality and Information Sharing on Express Delivery Service Performance in the E-commerce Industry. Sustainability 2020, 12, 8293 .

AMA Style

Yaoguang Zhong, Ivan Lai, Fangfang Guo, Huajun Tang. Effects of Partnership Quality and Information Sharing on Express Delivery Service Performance in the E-commerce Industry. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (20):8293.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yaoguang Zhong; Ivan Lai; Fangfang Guo; Huajun Tang. 2020. "Effects of Partnership Quality and Information Sharing on Express Delivery Service Performance in the E-commerce Industry." Sustainability 12, no. 20: 8293.

Conference paper
Published: 18 July 2020 in Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV
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Nowadays, students, especially whose majors are practical subjects such as tourism and hospitality in tertiary education, are not interested in ways of learning knowledge through classroom learning. Online Gamified Learning Platforms (OGLPs) are helpful for tertiary education and adult learning, especially for courses involves practical skills. This research aims to identify factors that have significant impacts on tourism and hospitality students to choose OGLPs as their learning tool. This research is based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model. According to the conditions of OGLPs, a new variable ‘perceived playfulness’ is added and also combined with other theory with variables ‘knowledge improvement’, ‘engagement’, and ‘immersion’. 272 valid data were collected through questionnaires survey. Data analysis was performed by adopting SmartPLS. The results of the research implied that knowledge improvement, engagement, and immersion influence expectancy of performance and effort. The study has verified the applicability of UTAUT with concepts of fun and learning on studying the tools for gamified learning and participatory learning approaches. It also offers some recommendations for developers of OGLPs to optimize the design of OGLPs as well as a new model for studying the gamified learning and participatory learning approaches.

ACS Style

Kenneth Shiu-Pong Ng; Ivan Ka-Wai Lai; Kwan-Keung Ng. Online Gamified Learning Platforms (OGLPs) for Participatory Learning. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 2020, 12218, 49 -60.

AMA Style

Kenneth Shiu-Pong Ng, Ivan Ka-Wai Lai, Kwan-Keung Ng. Online Gamified Learning Platforms (OGLPs) for Participatory Learning. Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV. 2020; 12218 ():49-60.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kenneth Shiu-Pong Ng; Ivan Ka-Wai Lai; Kwan-Keung Ng. 2020. "Online Gamified Learning Platforms (OGLPs) for Participatory Learning." Transactions on Petri Nets and Other Models of Concurrency XV 12218, no. : 49-60.

Journal article
Published: 23 April 2020 in IEEE Access
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Bidder collusion in reverse auctions is a pervasive phenomenon that leads to a series of problems for buyers and their supply chains. This work aims to conduct a hazard analysis on a first-price sealed-bid reverse auction with bidder collusion by applying colored timed Petri nets, in which places and transition nodes represent bidding resources and activities. This work successfully dissects the collusion process, quantifies the harm of collusion, and compares the harm levels. The results of the simulation disclose two main causal factors for bidder collusion information asymmetry and strong relationship between strong bidders. This study also identifies the situations where there is a strong relationship between strong bidders. Based on these findings, several recommendations are proposed to reduce the harm of the ring game in a real reverse auction process. Thus, this study helps the buyers to take control of reverse auctions.

ACS Style

Xiaodan Zhang; Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Jin Fu; Huajun Tang. Hazard Analysis of Bidder Collusion in Reverse Auctions Based on Petri Nets. IEEE Access 2020, 8, 89546 -89561.

AMA Style

Xiaodan Zhang, Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Jin Fu, Huajun Tang. Hazard Analysis of Bidder Collusion in Reverse Auctions Based on Petri Nets. IEEE Access. 2020; 8 (99):89546-89561.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Xiaodan Zhang; Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Jin Fu; Huajun Tang. 2020. "Hazard Analysis of Bidder Collusion in Reverse Auctions Based on Petri Nets." IEEE Access 8, no. 99: 89546-89561.

Articles
Published: 16 April 2020 in Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research
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ACS Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Michael Hitchcock. How gaming tourism affects tourism development through word-of-mouth communication regarding a destination: applying the integrated satisfaction theory. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 2020, 25, 620 -636.

AMA Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Michael Hitchcock. How gaming tourism affects tourism development through word-of-mouth communication regarding a destination: applying the integrated satisfaction theory. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research. 2020; 25 (6):620-636.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Michael Hitchcock. 2020. "How gaming tourism affects tourism development through word-of-mouth communication regarding a destination: applying the integrated satisfaction theory." Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 25, no. 6: 620-636.

Journal article
Published: 13 March 2020 in Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management
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This study aims to investigate the effects of satisfaction with four types of local food (Portuguese, buffet, Michelin, and street-snack) and integrated satisfaction with food experience on word of mouth (WOM) regarding Portuguese foods in Macau. The results of the survey from 469 tourists indicate that satisfaction with the four types of food has a significant effect on integrated satisfaction, while integrated satisfaction has a full mediating effect on Michelin/WOM, a partially mediating effect on Portuguese & buffet/WOM, and a partially mediating and moderating effect on street-snack/WOM. Satisfaction with Michelin food has the greatest effect on integrated satisfaction. However, street-snack, which is a highly localized food, also has a major role in generating WOM. This study provides a contribution to satisfaction theory by further developing the concept of integrated satisfaction in food tourism research and making recommendations on how destinations can promote their food tourism.

ACS Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai. An examination of satisfaction on word of mouth regarding Portuguese foods in Macau: Applying the concept of integrated satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2020, 43, 100 -110.

AMA Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai. An examination of satisfaction on word of mouth regarding Portuguese foods in Macau: Applying the concept of integrated satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 2020; 43 ():100-110.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2020. "An examination of satisfaction on word of mouth regarding Portuguese foods in Macau: Applying the concept of integrated satisfaction." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 43, no. : 100-110.

Research article
Published: 06 January 2020 in SAGE Open
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Air pollution is a serious environmental issue across the world and has drawn attention from researchers with different backgrounds. The carbon exhaust from gasoline vehicles is one cause of air pollution. One solution for reducing carbon emissions is to provide green vehicles, such as electric motorcycles, for drivers and passengers, which can help the sustainable development of the environment in an ecological way. This research discusses the market response to electric motorcycles in Macau by focusing on the effects of environmental policy. An environmental technology acceptance model was developed, based on which 325 valid questionnaires were collected. The research demonstrates the impact on motorcyclists’ acceptance of electric motorcycles by considering their perceptions of environmental policy, pollution reduction, the saving of energy, and driving performance; the results can lead to valuable discussions on the environment–technology–society ecosystem in further studies. The research results could help relevant government bodies to develop appropriate environmental policies to encourage motorcyclists to adopt electric motorcycles. Furthermore, the electric motorcycle industry could identify key success factors for developing or promoting electric motorcycles using the study variables.

ACS Style

Yide Liu; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. The Effects of Environmental Policy and the Perception of Electric Motorcycles on the Acceptance of Electric Motorcycles: An Empirical Study in Macau. SAGE Open 2020, 10, 1 .

AMA Style

Yide Liu, Ivan Ka Wai Lai. The Effects of Environmental Policy and the Perception of Electric Motorcycles on the Acceptance of Electric Motorcycles: An Empirical Study in Macau. SAGE Open. 2020; 10 (1):1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Yide Liu; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2020. "The Effects of Environmental Policy and the Perception of Electric Motorcycles on the Acceptance of Electric Motorcycles: An Empirical Study in Macau." SAGE Open 10, no. 1: 1.

Journal article
Published: 23 May 2019 in Journal of Destination Marketing & Management
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The aim of this study is to identify the basic, excitement, and performance emotions that influence tourists’ satisfaction and dissatisfaction with destination casino resorts. The study develops a measurement scale that consists of both positive and negative emotions. Two hundred and ninety eight valid questionnaire responses are analyzed using an extended impact-asymmetry analysis (IAA) in order to explain how positive and negative emotions can influence overall satisfaction of gaming and non-gaming tourists. This study demonstrates how to use an IAA to classify negative emotions into negative basic, excitement, and performance factors. The study contributes to knowledge on how to combine three-factor theory with emotion theory. The results add to our understanding that most of the negative emotions generated from gaming will not result in tourist dissatisfaction with destination casino resorts. These findings lead on to further investigation of the effects of negative emotions towards destinations in the context of three-factor theory.

ACS Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Ting Yang; Michael Hitchcock. Evaluating tourists’ emotional experiences regarding destination casino resorts: An impact-asymmetry analysis. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 2019, 16, 100365 .

AMA Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Ting Yang, Michael Hitchcock. Evaluating tourists’ emotional experiences regarding destination casino resorts: An impact-asymmetry analysis. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. 2019; 16 ():100365.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Ting Yang; Michael Hitchcock. 2019. "Evaluating tourists’ emotional experiences regarding destination casino resorts: An impact-asymmetry analysis." Journal of Destination Marketing & Management 16, no. : 100365.

Journal article
Published: 22 March 2019 in Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management
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This study introduces a new concept from service science perspective for understanding how exhibitors can organize themselves with exhibition organizers to co-create value for visitors, organizers, and themselves. This study develops a two-level value co-creation measurement scale, investigates the effects of value co-creation activities on perceived performance, and compares the differences in the effects of value co-creation activities among exhibitors of different sizes. The results of hierarchical modelling indicate that all the value co-creation behaviours are positively related to perceived performance. The results of the multi-group analysis show the differences in the effects of value co-creation activities among different sizes of exhibitors. This study enriches our knowledge in the theory of value co-creation by examining the concept from a service science perspective in the context of B2B environments. This study also provides recommendations for organizers to encourage exhibitors of different sizes to co-create values that they concern.

ACS Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. The effects of value co-creation activities on the perceived performance of exhibitions: A service science perspective. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2019, 39, 97 -109.

AMA Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong, Ivan Ka Wai Lai. The effects of value co-creation activities on the perceived performance of exhibitions: A service science perspective. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 2019; 39 ():97-109.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Jose Weng Chou Wong; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2019. "The effects of value co-creation activities on the perceived performance of exhibitions: A service science perspective." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 39, no. : 97-109.

Journal article
Published: 18 March 2019 in Sustainability
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While the Macao gambling industry has developed prosperously, its rapid development raises a problem of economic dependence on gambling that restricts economic diversification and causes a sustainable issue of non-gambling industries. In recent years, regulating and controlling the appropriate scale of the gambling industry have been regarded as a solution for sustainable economic development. Consequently, it is quite important to give a quantitative scale to the future development of the gambling industry. This study aims to estimate the appropriate scale of the gambling industry under the expectation of the optimal development of moderate economic diversification in Macao. This study employs the method of Measuring Economic Diversification in Hawaii in 2011 to evaluate the levels of diversification of Macao’s economy. A Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) efficiency calculated by a bootstrapping model is applied to obtain the operational efficiency of Macao’s gambling industry. A transition probability matrix in three scenarios is predicted by expert interviews and industry interviews. The appropriate scale of Macao’s gambling industry until 2021 is forecasted by Markov chain. The predicted result shows that the growth rate of gambling will not exceed 3% in terms of achieving the goal of optimal developing moderate economic diversification in Macao.

ACS Style

Fei Choi; Chi Tin Hon; Yan Hua Mao; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Sustainable Development for Small Economy and Diversification from a Dominant Industry: Evidence from Macao. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1626 .

AMA Style

Fei Choi, Chi Tin Hon, Yan Hua Mao, Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Sustainable Development for Small Economy and Diversification from a Dominant Industry: Evidence from Macao. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (6):1626.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fei Choi; Chi Tin Hon; Yan Hua Mao; Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2019. "Sustainable Development for Small Economy and Diversification from a Dominant Industry: Evidence from Macao." Sustainability 11, no. 6: 1626.

Journal article
Published: 12 February 2019 in Sustainability
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With the rapid growth of the sharing economy, access-based services have emerged as an alternative and/or complementary to traditional ownership-based services. The access-based services are enabled by means of Smart Product-Service Systems (SPSSs) that integrate smart products and e-services into a single solution. However, there is a lack of studies that cover the acceptance factors for both smart products and e-services of SPSSs. Therefore, it is important to have a study to explore the factors that influence the acceptance of SPSSs. This study develops a conceptual framework which consists of the perceived interactivity of mobile apps and the particularity of the smart shared products as antecedents apart from perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, as suggested by the Technology Acceptance Model. To test the research framework empirically, a self-reported online survey was conducted among bike sharing program users in China. A total of 520 valid responses were collected, and the partial least-square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) technique was used to examine the research model. The empirical results suggest that the perceived interactivity of mobile apps and the particularity of smart shared products are two significant sets of antecedents that influence consumers’ perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness, and the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness are preconditions for the acceptance of SPSSs. The findings generate practical suggestions for SPSSs providers to increase the network size of users, improve the interactivity of mobile apps, and manage the distributions of service points.

ACS Style

Dong Lu; Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Yide Liu. The Consumer Acceptance of Smart Product-Service Systems in Sharing Economy: The Effects of Perceived Interactivity and Particularity. Sustainability 2019, 11, 928 .

AMA Style

Dong Lu, Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Yide Liu. The Consumer Acceptance of Smart Product-Service Systems in Sharing Economy: The Effects of Perceived Interactivity and Particularity. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (3):928.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dong Lu; Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Yide Liu. 2019. "The Consumer Acceptance of Smart Product-Service Systems in Sharing Economy: The Effects of Perceived Interactivity and Particularity." Sustainability 11, no. 3: 928.

Journal article
Published: 17 January 2019 in Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management
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The relationship between corporate image and reputation has not been well investigated because most studies only analyze corporate image or reputation separately. This study aims to evaluate the roles of hotel image and reputation by examining their influences on the processes that create customer loyalty toward a hotel. It involves the examination of the interrelationships between hotel image, service quality, perceived value, customer satisfaction, hotel reputation, customer commitment, and customer loyalty. The data collected from 442 respondents is analyzed by using structural equation modeling analysis. The Sobel test is employed to examine the significance of mediation effects related to hotel image and reputation. The results of this study indicate that hotel image is an antecedent of hotel reputation, and all the above factors play a significant role in building customer loyalty. These findings help hotel marketers to formulate an appropriate image for establishing a reputation for enhancing customer loyalty.

ACS Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Hotel image and reputation on building customer loyalty: An empirical study in Macau. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 2019, 38, 111 -121.

AMA Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai. Hotel image and reputation on building customer loyalty: An empirical study in Macau. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management. 2019; 38 ():111-121.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai. 2019. "Hotel image and reputation on building customer loyalty: An empirical study in Macau." Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management 38, no. : 111-121.

Journal article
Published: 21 June 2018 in Sustainability
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The growth of urban tourism has the potential to increase tourist–resident tensions that limit the sustainable growth of tourism in many destination cities. Visitors’ perceptions of poor tourist–resident relationships and conditions of safety may have an impact on their attitudes, especially with regard to trip satisfaction. This study investigates the roles of tourist–resident relationship and safety perception on the relationship between service quality, trip satisfaction, and word of mouth (WOM). The results of this empirical study (n = 386) show that the tourist–resident relationship and safety perception have significant effects on trip satisfaction, but only safety perception reveals a significant effect on WOM. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the tourist–resident relationship and safety perception moderate the relationship between service quality and trip satisfaction, and that the tourist–resident relationship also moderates the relationship between trip satisfaction and WOM. An understanding of these mechanisms can help governments to create appropriate policies to support the sustainable development of tourism and promote their tourism industries by fostering tourists’ WOM.

ACS Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Michael Hitchcock; Dong Lu; Yide Liu. The Influence of Word of Mouth on Tourism Destination Choice: Tourist–Resident Relationship and Safety Perception among Mainland Chinese Tourists Visiting Macau. Sustainability 2018, 10, 2114 .

AMA Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai, Michael Hitchcock, Dong Lu, Yide Liu. The Influence of Word of Mouth on Tourism Destination Choice: Tourist–Resident Relationship and Safety Perception among Mainland Chinese Tourists Visiting Macau. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (7):2114.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivan Ka Wai Lai; Michael Hitchcock; Dong Lu; Yide Liu. 2018. "The Influence of Word of Mouth on Tourism Destination Choice: Tourist–Resident Relationship and Safety Perception among Mainland Chinese Tourists Visiting Macau." Sustainability 10, no. 7: 2114.