This work presents a small four-port multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna for Ultra Wideband (UWB) applications. Four monopole radiating components make up the suggested antenna. Every monopole is positioned perpendicularly to the components that surround it. This compact antenna, 40 mm × 40 mm, is printed on a single layer substrate (FR4) with a thickness of 1.6 mm and an ε_r = 4.4. This antenna features an isolation of less than −14 dB and an impedance bandwidth (S11 < −10 dB) of 2.57–12.20 GHz. The average gain is 4.7 dBi and the envelope correction coefficient (ECC) is less than 0.15. The suggested antenna is a good option for UWB applications because of its Ultra Wide bandwidth and small footprint.

In this proposal, an advanced integrated multiple‐input multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna system has been presented for next generation 5G‐NR, high speed WLAN and X‐band communications. The four radiators having comb‐shaped geometry at the top edge are positioned orthogonally with each other. An adequate gap is maintained between the radiating ports of MIMO antenna to lower down the mutual coupling. A small fractal geometry is engineered at the bottom corners of the patch to receive size miniaturization, wide band performance and manufacturing advantage. In similar fashion, thin slots are introduced to excel the isolation. The ultrawide band response (1.6 GHz–11.35 GHz) could be achieved by introducing partial ground plane underneath each radiator. A commercially available Flame Retardant 4 substrate was utilized. The individual ground structures are interconnected using thin conducting strips, which play a dynamic role in system performance by providing high isolation between the MIMO elements. The proposed MIMO system is analyzed and confirmed based on various antenna responses such as diversity gain (DG) (>9 dB), mean effective gain (MEG) (−6 to −8 dB), channel capacity loss (CCL) (< 0.4 bits/s/Hz), and envelop correlation coefficient (ECC) (< 0.002 abs). The received reflection coefficient values from the MIMO antenna are compared with actual values. Both the responses are closely aligned with each other. This research supports SDG 9, SDG 11, and SDG 7 by advancing innovative wireless communication infrastructure, enabling sustainable and resilient smart city connectivity, and indirectly promoting energy‐efficient network operations through high‐isolation and efficient antenna design.

Background: This paper presents S shaped frequency reconfigurable antenna which gives six operating bands. Objective: The size of proposed antenna is 26×12 mm2. The FR4 substrate having thickness of 1.6 mm is used for this antenna. Methods: The proposed antenna resonates at six different frequencies i.e. at 2.76 GHz, at 2.98 GHz, at 4 GHz, at 4.6 GHz, at 4.96 GHz and at 5.28 GHz depending upon the ON/OFF states of PIN diodes. The lumped RLC elements are used in HFSS simulation in order to reconfigure the frequency of antenna. Results: For switching, PIN diode are used in fabricated antenna for frequency reconfiguration to validate the simulated results. The compact size of proposed antenna is suitable for recent communication devices such as laptop, mobile phone and other electronics instruments. Conclusion: The proposed antenna shows good matching in the simulated and measured results.