Purpose: To evaluate the serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D, vitamin B12, and folic acid (FA) levels in progressive and nonprogressive patients with keratoconus (KCN). Methods: Fifty-five patients with KCN (28 progressive and 27 nonprogressive) who were followed up for at least 12 months were recruited and separated into 2 groups according to corneal topographic progression criteria. Age- and sex-matched 30 healthy individuals formed the control group. Serum vitamin D, B12, FA, and Ca levels were compared among control, nonprogressive, and progressive groups. The effect of gender, age, vitamin D, B12, and FA parameters on KCN progression was investigated. Results: Serum vitamin D levels were 12.77 ± 5.52, 11.78 ± 4.32, and 17.40 ± 5.12 ng/mL in nonprogressive, progressive, and control groups, respectively. The serum vitamin D levels in KCN groups (nonprogressive and progressive) were significantly lower than the control group (P = 0.002 and P < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference between all groups in serum vitamin B12, FA, and Ca levels (P > 0.05). Decreased vitamin D levels significantly increased nonprogressive KCN probability 1.23 times and progressive KCN probability 1.29 times more than the control group (P = 0.002, 95% confidence interval, 0.708–0.925; P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval, 0.668–0.888, respectively). Conclusions: Serum vitamin D levels were significantly decreased in both KCN groups. However, serum vitamin B12, FA, and Ca levels were similar in all groups. Serum vitamin D evaluation of patients with KCN at onset and follow-up examinations may help to predict the course of the disease.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the C-reactive protein/albumin (CRP/albumin) ratio and disease severity in diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients and to evaluate the potential of CRP/albumin as a clinical biomarker for inflammation and DR progression. Methods: This single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study included 158 DR patients and 150 healthy controls. Clinical, ophthalmologic, and laboratory evaluations were performed, including best-corrected visual acuity, optical coherence tomography, and measurements of inflammatory and glycemic markers. CRP/albumin ratios were calculated, and their relationships with DR severity were assessed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the predictive performance of CRP/albumin. Results: Before treatment, CRP/Alb ratios and other inflammatory markers, including NLR, MLR, PLR, and SII, were significantly elevated in DR patients compared to controls. Following treatment, CRP/albumin ratios decreased markedly from 0.14 ± 0.1 to 0.04 ± 0.04 (p < 0.001), aligning with improvements in retinal thickness (OCT: 269.2 ± 17.5 µm) and HbA1c levels (6.9 ± 1.2%). CRP levels decreased from 5.8 ± 3.2 mg/L to 1.5 ± 1.4 mg/L, while NLR dropped from 2.5 ± 1.1 to 1.29 ± 0.8 (p < 0.001). Significant reductions were also observed in PLR (169.6 ± 62.2 to 128.2 ± 54.3) and SII (743.0 ± 427 to 230.8 ± 187). ROC analysis revealed an AUC of 0.963 for CRP/albumin, indicating high predictive accuracy for DR severity with 95% sensitivity and 90% specificity at a cutoff of 0.052. Conclusions: The CRP/albumin ratio is a significant biomarker for inflammation and disease progression in DR. The observed reductions in inflammatory markers post-treatment highlight the importance of inflammation control in DR management.

To investigate changes in ocular and periocular tissue elasticity using shear wave elastography (SWE) in eyes with diabetic retinopathy following intravitr

The retina and optic nerve are integral components of the visual system and maintain direct anatomical and functional connections with the brain. Both stru

Görme kaybının önde gelen nedenlerinden biri olan diyabetik retinopati (DR), retina mikrovasküler hasarı ve vitreus humorundaki yapısal değişikliklerle ilişkilidir. Yüksek çözünürlüklü bilgisayarlı tomografi (BT) görüntüleme, vitreus humor yoğunluğundaki değişikliklerin hassas ve noninvaziv bir şekilde değerlendirilmesini sağlar. Bu çalışmanın amacı, DR hastalarının vitreus humorundaki değişiklikleri BT kullanarak değerlendirmektir. 1 Ocak 2022 ile 1 Haziran 2024 tarihleri arasında beyin BT'si yapılan ve görüntüleri radyoloji bilgi sisteminde bulunan 18 yaş ve üzeri DR hastaları retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. 50 DR hastası ve yaş ve cinsiyet açısından eşleştirilmiş 50 diyabetik olmayan kontrol hastası çalışmaya dahil edildi. DR hastalarının vitreus sıvısı BT dansite değerleri, kontrol grubunun değerleriyle istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı. DR ve kontrol gruplarında her iki gözde vitreus sıvı dansitesi açısından cinsiyetler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark yoktu (p>0,05). DR grubu, kontrol grubuna kıyasla hem sağ hem de sol gözde anlamlı olarak daha yüksek vitreus dansite sergilemiştir (sırasıyla p=0,011, p=0,007). DR ve kontrol gruplarında her iki gözde yaş ve vitreus dansite arasında negatif bir korelasyon bulunmuştur; ancak istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05). BT ölçümleri, vitreus dansitenin DR hastalarında kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koydu, bu da artan vitreus dansitenin diyabetik retinopati şiddetinin veya ilerlemesinin potansiyel bir belirteci olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.