Background and Objectives: Lung cancer is the second most common form of cancer in the world for both men and women as well as the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The aim of this study is to summarize the radiological characteristics between primary lung adenocarcinoma subtypes and to correlate them with FDG uptake on PET-CT. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 102 patients with pathohistologically confirmed lung adenocarcinoma. A PET-CT examination was performed on some of the patients and the values of SUVmax were also correlated with the histological and morphological characteristics of the masses in the lungs. Results: The results of this analysis showed that the mean size of AIS-MIA (adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma) cancer was significantly lower than for all other cancer types, while the mean size of the acinar cancer was smaller than in the solid type of cancer. Metastases were significantly more frequent in solid adenocarcinoma than in acinar, lepidic, and AIS-MIA cancer subtypes. The maximum standardized FDG uptake was significantly lower in AIS-MIA than in all other cancer types and in the acinar predominant subtype compared to solid cancer. Papillary predominant adenocarcinoma had higher odds of developing contralateral lymph node involvement compared to other types. Solid adenocarcinoma was associated with higher odds of having metastases and with higher SUVmax. AIS-MIA was associated with lower odds of one unit increase in tumor size and ipsilateral lymph node involvement. Conclusions: The correlation between histopathological and radiological findings is crucial for accurate diagnosis and staging. By integrating both sets of data, clinicians can enhance diagnostic accuracy and determine the optimal treatment plan.

Introduction: The aim of this investigation was to estimate the diagnostic performance of positron emission tomography/computed tomography using fluorine-18 fluoro-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG PET/CT) in the follow-up of post-treatment laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and the survival rate. Material and methods: Fifty seven patients (50 males, 7 females), mean age (68.3±6.7), with post-treatment laryngeal SCC were investigated. Indications for 18F-FDG PET/CT were: post-surgery staging, post-therapy restaging with positive/uncertain CT, follow-up, suspected recurrence on CT. 18F-FDG PET/CT findings were compared to the clinical follow-up of up to 10 years after imaging. The degree of metabolic activity was analyzed visually and semi-quantitatively using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Results: A high accumulation of radiopharmaceutical was found in 41 (71.9%) patients who were considered true positive, physiological in 14 patients (24.5%) and only two males (3.5%) were false positive. Overall sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET/CT was 95.3%, specificity 100.0%, positive predictive value 100.0%, negative predictive value 87.5% and accuracy 96.5%. In 19 cases (33.3%) PET/CT findings significantly influenced further management of the patients. Progression-free survival (PFS) in the 18F-FDG positive group was 41.1±12.7 months. Statistically significant correlation between SUVmax and PFS was not observed (p>0.05). Conclusion: 18F-FDG PET/CT is a valuable tool for the follow-up of laryngeal SCC due to its high sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy. It can influence the patients' management in a significant number of cases. Patients with negative 18F-FDG PET/CT findings had longer PFS than those with positive ones, but without statistical significance. SUVmax was not proven to be a strong predictor of patients' disease-free survival.

Introduction: Positron emission tomography with computed tomography using 18-fluoro-deoxyglucose (18FDG-PET/CT) is still not applied routinely in clinical practice for the evaluation of recurrent bladder cancer. Recent guidelines recognize the importance of 18FDG-PET/CT, but multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) is still recommended for monitoring these patients. Aim: To determine the agreement between 18FDG-PET/CT and MSCT findings in the categorization of patients into N and M stages of the disease and the agreement of two diagnostic modalities regarding the number of detected lesions. Material and methods: 31 patients (22 men and 9 women), mean age 61.2 ± 9.2 years, were included in our study after surgical treatment and histopathological confirmation of bladder cancer. Zones of pathological uptake of 18FDG were interpreted visually and semi-quantitatively using the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). The agreement of 18FDG-PET/ CT findings was compared to previous MSCT using Cohen's kappa test for interobserver agreement, interpreted based on the Altman's criteria. Results: The overall agreement between 18FDG-PET/CT and MSCT in N stage of the disease was 77% (c = 0.54; moderate agreement); in stage N0 68%, N2 77%, N3 29%. In M stage, total agreement was 53% (c = 0.10; poor agreement); in stage M0 39%, M1a 22%, M1b 44%. 18FDG-PET/CT detected a total of 29 lesions in N stage of the disease, while MSCT detected 16 lesions, with the agreement of 71% (c = 0.41; moderate agreement). In the M stage of the disease, 18FDG-PET/CT detected 42 lesions and MSCT detected 30 lesions, with overall agreement of 52% (c = 0.07; poor agreement). Conclusion: Our results show that there is a moderate agreement between 18FDG-PET/CT and MSCT findings in the categorization of patients and the number of detected lesions in N stage of disease, but that 18FDG-PET/CT detects more lesions. 18FDG-PET/CT also detects a higher number of lesions in M stage, but the agreement with MSCT findings is poor.