Background/Aim: The use of AI‐driven chatbots for accessing medical information is increasingly popular among educators and students. This study aims to assess two different ChatGPT models—ChatGPT 3.5 and ChatGPT 4.0—regarding their responses to queries about traumatic dental injuries, specifically for dental students and professionals. Material and Methods: A total of 40 questions were prepared, divided equally between those concerning definitions and diagnosis and those on treatment and follow‐up. The responses from both ChatGPT versions were evaluated on several criteria: quality, reliability, similarity, and readability. These evaluations were conducted using the Global Quality Scale (GQS), the Reliability Scoring System (adapted DISCERN), the Flesch Reading Ease Score (FRES), the Flesch–Kincaid Reading Grade Level (FKRGL), and the Similarity Index. Normality was checked with the Shapiro–Wilk test, and variance homogeneity was assessed using the Levene test. Results: The analysis revealed that ChatGPT 3.5 provided more original responses compared to ChatGPT 4.0. According to FRES scores, both versions were challenging to read, with ChatGPT 3.5 having a higher FRES score (39.732 ± 9.713) than ChatGPT 4.0 (34.813 ± 9.356), indicating relatively better readability. There were no significant differences between the ChatGPT versions regarding GQS, DISCERN, and FKRGL scores. However, in the definition and diagnosis section, ChatGPT 4.0 had a statistically higher quality score than ChatGPT 3.5. In contrast, ChatGPT 3.5 provided more original answers in the treatment and follow‐up section. For ChatGPT 4.0, the readability and similarity rates for the definition and diagnosis section were higher than those for the treatment and follow‐up section. No significant differences were observed between ChatGPT 3.5's DISCERN, FRES, FKRGL, and similarity index measurements by topic. Conclusions: Both ChatGPT versions offer high‐quality and original information, though they present challenges in readability and reliability. They are valuable resources for dental students and professionals but should be used in conjunction with additional sources of information for a comprehensive understanding.

Background/Aim: Pediatricians play an essential role in managing pediatric oral emergencies; hence, they should have accurate information on dental injuries. This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of pediatricians regarding traumatic dental injuries (TDI) and their awareness of the ToothSOS mobile application. Materials and Methods: A survey comprising 10 questions was created on Google forms, and the links were sent to the participants via electronic mail and a mobile application. The demographic characteristics and the knowledge level of pediatricians about TDI and their awareness of the ToothSOS mobile application were evaluated. The questions were prepared by following similar studies and the current guidelines of the International Association of Dental Traumatology. Results: A total of 229 pediatricians (74.2% female) participated in this study. The correct answer rates revealed statistical differences in terms of profession and experience on the following issues: the most frequently traumatized tooth, the preference of the antibiotic agent, and the management of avulsed primary tooth ( p < .05). The decision to consult a dentist revealed statistical differences in the profession ( p = .001). The correct answers on the correlation between the age group and dental trauma accompanied by soft tissue injuries showed statistical differences in experience ( p = .005). Although none of the participants knew the ToothSOS application, 91.7% of them preferred using this tool in future practices. This rate was statistically higher in participants with an experience of more than 10 years ( p = .013). Conclusions: The knowledge level of pediatricians regarding dental trauma was found to be sufficient, except for the questions on avulsion injuries. However, the fact that the participants were unaware of the ToothSOS mobile application was the most considerable result of the study, and this finding highlighted the importance of informing pediatricians dealing with oral injuries regarding the latest updates on dental traumatology.

Increased surface roughness and discoloration of the direct restorative materials used in pediatric patients affect the longevity of restorations and impair children’s oral health. Many factors can alter these properties. One of these factors is the intake of dietary supplements. It is crucial to predict the properties of restorative materials when exposed to dietary supplements to maintain the dental care of children. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of various syrup-formed dietary supplements on the average surface roughness and color stability of current restorative materials used in pediatric dentistry. Seven different restorative materials (conventional glass ionomer [Fuji IX GP], resin-modified glass ionomer, [Fuji II LC], zirconia-reinforced glass ionomer [Zirconomer Improved], polyacid-modified composite resin [Dyract^®XTRA], bulk-fill glass hybrid restorative [Equia Forte HT Fill], conventional resin composite [Charisma Smart], and resin composite with reactive glass fillers [Cention N]) were tested. The specimens prepared from each type of restorative material were divided into five subgroups according to dietary supplements (Sambucol Kids, Resverol, Imunol, Umca, and Microfer). These specimens were immersed daily in supplement solution over a period of 28 days. Surface roughness and color difference measurements were performed at baseline and at the 7th and 28th days. The color difference and Ra values showed that there was an interaction among the type of restorative material, type of dietary supplement, and immersion time factors (p < 0.05). Whereas lower Ra values were found in the composite resin group, the highest Ra values were found in the conventional glass ionomer group. All supplements caused increasing color difference values, and Resverol and Umca showed higher discoloration values above the clinically acceptable threshold. The intake of dietary supplement type, the immersion time of the dietary supplement, and the restorative material type affected the surface roughness and color stability of the tested direct restorative materials. All of the experimental groups showed higher Ra values than clinically acceptable surface roughness values (0.2 µm). The color difference values also increased with the immersion time.

Background/Objectives: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained substantial prominence in pediatric dentistry, offering new opportunities to enhance diagnostic precision and clinical decision-making. AI-based systems are increasingly applied in caries detection, early childhood caries (ECC) risk prediction, tooth development assessment, mesiodens identification, and other key diagnostic tasks. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize evidence on the diagnostic performance of AI models developed specifically for pediatric dental applications. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase following PRISMA-DTA guidelines. Studies evaluating AI-based diagnostic or predictive models in pediatric populations (≤18 years) were included. Reference screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were calculated using random-effects models. Sources of heterogeneity related to imaging modality, annotation strategy, and dataset characteristics were examined. Results: Thirty-two studies met the inclusion criteria for qualitative synthesis, and fifteen were eligible for quantitative analysis. For radiographic caries detection, pooled sensitivity, specificity, and AUC were 0.91, 0.97, and 0.98, respectively. Prediction models demonstrated good diagnostic performance, with pooled sensitivity of 0.86, specificity of 0.82, and AUC of 0.89. Deep learning architectures, particularly convolutional neural networks, consistently outperformed traditional machine learning approaches. Considerable heterogeneity was identified across studies, primarily driven by differences in imaging protocols, dataset balance, and annotation procedures. Beyond quantitative accuracy estimates, this review critically evaluates whether current evidence supports meaningful clinical translation and identifies pediatric domains that remain underrepresented in AI-driven diagnostic innovation. Conclusions: AI technologies exhibit strong potential to improve diagnostic accuracy in pediatric dentistry. However, limited external validation, methodological variability, and the scarcity of prospective real-world studies restrict immediate clinical implementation. Future research should prioritize the development of multicenter pediatric datasets, harmonized annotation workflows, and transparent, explainable AI (XAI) models to support safe and effective clinical translation.

Aim: This survey study aimed to assess the awareness of parents of pediatric dental patients regarding the “ToothSOS” mobile application and the “Save Your Tooth” posters created by the International Association of Dental Traumatology. Methodology: This study included 303 participants who applied to Health Sciences University, Gülhane Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, between 02/01/2021 and 05/31/2021. The survey comprised visually supported questions to measure the participants’ demographic features, previous dental trauma experiences, awareness of mobile dental trauma applications, and knowledge of traumatic dental injuries (TDIs). Categorical variables were summarized as frequencies and percentages and were compared using the chi-square test (p < 0.05). Results: The results showed that parents’ awareness levels regarding TDIs were insufficient. No significant difference was detected in the knowledge levels of parents of children with and without a history of dental trauma. However, significantly correct answers were obtained to the avulsion injury questions from parents with high education levels. Conclusion: Given the results of this study, it is recommended that dental health providers focus on TDI education for parents. How to cite this article: Bal C, Öztürk Z, Atak D, Yaşar M, Aksoy M. Evaluation of parents’ awareness levels of traumatic dental injuries: The ToothSOS mobile application and “Save Your Tooth” posters. Int Dent Res 2023;13(2):60-66. https://doi.org/10.5577/idr.2023.vol13.no2.3 Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.