A low-cost, equipment-free rapid antigen test distinguishes dengue virus serotypes and Zika virus in patient sera without detectable cross-reactivity.

This study aimed to determine the incidence of post-chikungunya chronic rheumatism (pCHIK-CR) and its impact on quality of life (QoL) and chronic fatigue in adults seven years after the 2014–2015 CHIKV outbreak in Piedecuesta, Colombia. We evaluated 78 adults (median age: 30 years, IQR: 21.0; women 60.3%) with confirmed CHIKV infection. In 2022, participants underwent a GALS examination and completed surveys on disability, stiffness, health status, and fatigue. A rheumatologist evaluated patients who reported arthralgia, morning stiffness, and abnormal GALS examination. Chronic fatigue was defined as fatigue persisting for over six months. Seven years after infection, 14.1% of participants were classified as pCHIK-CR cases, 41.0% as having non-inflammatory pain, likely degenerative (NIP-LD), and 44.9% without rheumatic disease (Wo-RM). Patients with pCHIK-CR and NIP-LD exhibited significantly worse QoL compared to Wo-RM cases. Chronic fatigue prevalence increased from 8.6% in Wo-RM patients to 25.0% in NIP-LD and 54.6% in pCHIK-CR cases. This study implemented a comprehensive clinical assessment to objectively estimate and characterize the incidence of chronic rheumatological disease attributed to CHIKV infection. One in seven cases with CHIKV infection develops pCHIK-CR, which impacts both QoL and chronic fatigue. This study contributes to understanding the burden of these arboviruses in the medium term.

Early biomarkers are needed to predict the long-term persistence of rheumatical symptoms in patients infected with Chikungunya virus (CHIKV). This nested case-control study aimed to assess immunological factors during the early phases of CHIKV infection to predict the risk of post-CHIK chronic rheumatism (pCHIK-CR) in adult patients of two prospective cohorts. We evaluated 46 febrile patients (median age: 33.5 years; IQR: 19 years; women: 50.0%) with CHIKV infection confirmed during the 2014–2015 outbreak in Santander, Colombia. The participants were classified by a rheumatologist as either cases (pCHIK-CR) or controls (WoRM, without rheumatical manifestations). We quantified serum levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL-8, IL-27, CCL-2, CXCL-9, CXCL-10, and IgG using Luminex and ELISA assays during the acute and subacute phases of infection. Then, we evaluated the association of these immune factors with the case-control status using piecewise logistic regression adjusted for age and sex. There were non-linear associations between IL-8/CXCL-8, CXCL-9, and CXCL-10 with pCHIK-CR. Increases in the levels of IL-8/CXCL-8 (<35.7 pg/mL), CXCL-9 (≥6000 pg/mL), and CXCL-10 (≥36,800 pg/mL) were significantly associated with a reduced risk of pCHIK-CR (adjusted ORs: 0.85, 0.96, and 0.94, respectively). These results suggest that increases in IL-8/CXCL-8, CXCL-9, and CXCL-10 levels, measured in the early stages of CHIKV infection, may predict a chronic disease risk. This suggests the possibility that an early and strong immune response could contribute to enhancing CHIKV control and potentially reduce the risk of persistent joint symptoms. Given their expression patterns and timing, these three immune factors may be considered promising biomarker candidates for assessing the risk of chronic rheumatologic disease. These findings should be considered as exploratory and validated in additional cohort studies.

Infectious disease (ID) cohorts are key to advancing public health surveillance, public policies, and pandemic responses. Unfortunately, ID cohorts often lack funding to store and share clinical-epidemiological (CE) data and high-dimensional laboratory (HDL) data long term, which is evident when the link between these data elements is not kept up to date. This becomes particularly apparent when smaller cohorts fail to successfully address the initial scientific objectives due to limited case numbers, which also limits the potential to pool these studies to monitor long-term cross-disease interactions within and across populations. CE data from 9 arbovirus (arthropod-borne viruses) cohorts in Latin America were retrospectively harmonized using the Maelstrom Research methodology and standardized to Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC). We created a harmonized and standardized meta-cohort that contains CE and HDL data from 9 arbovirus studies from Latin America. To facilitate advancements in cross-population inference and reuse of cohort data, the Reconciliation of Cohort Data for Infectious Diseases (ReCoDID) Consortium harmonized and standardized CE and HDL from 9 arbovirus cohorts into 1 meta-cohort. Interested parties will be able to access data dictionaries that include information on variables across the data sets via Bio Studies. After consultation with each cohort, linked harmonized and curated human cohort data (CE and HDL) will be made accessible through the European Genome-phenome Archive platform to data users after their requests are evaluated by the ReCoDID Data Access Committee. This meta-cohort can facilitate various joint research projects (eg, on immunological interactions between sequential flavivirus infections and for the evaluation of potential biomarkers for severe arboviral disease).

This study aimed to determine the incidence of post-chikungunya chronic rheumatism (pCHIK-CR) its impact on quality of life (QoL) and chronic fatigue in adult seven years after the 2014-2015 CHIKV outbreak in Piedecuesta, Colombia. We evaluated 78 adults (median age: 30 years, IQR: 21.0; women 60.3%) with confirmed CHIKV infection. In 2022, participants underwent a GALS examination and completed surveys on disability, stiffness, health status, and fatigue. A rheumatologist evaluated patients who reported arthralgia, morning stiffness, and abnormal GALS examination. Chronic fatigue was defined as fatigue persisting for over six months. Seven years after infection, 14.1% of participants were classified as pCHIK-CR cases, 41.0% as having non-inflammatory pain likely degenerative (NIP-LD), and 44.9% without rheumatic disease (Wo-RM). Patients with pCHIK-CR and NIP-LD exhibited significantly worse QoL compared to Wo-RM cases. Chronic fatigue prevalence increased from 8.6% in Wo-RM patients to 25.0% in NIP-LD and 54.6% in pCHIK-CR cases. This study implemented a comprehensive clinical as-sessment to objectively estimate and characterize the incidence of chronic rheumatological disease attributed to CHIKV infection. One in seven cases with CHIKV infection develops pCHIK-CR, which impacts both QoL and chronic fatigue. This study contributes to understanding the burden of these arboviruses in the medium term.

Early biomarkers are needed to predict the long-term persistence of rheumatic symptoms in patients infected with chikungunya virus (CHIKV). This nested case-control study aimed to assess immunological factors during the early phases of CHIKV infection to pre-dict the risk of post-CHIK chronic rheumatism (pCHIK-CR) in adult patients of two pro-spective cohorts. We evaluated 46 febrile patients (median age: 33.5 years, IQR:19 years; women: 50.0%) with CHIKV infection confirmed during the 2014-2015 outbreak in San-tander, Colombia. Participants were classified by a rheumatologist as either cases (pCHIK-CR) or controls (WoRM, without rheumatic manifestations). We quantified serum levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8/CXCL-8, IL-27, CCL-2, CXCL-9, CXCL-10 and IgG using Luminex and ELISA assays during the acute and subacute phases of infection. Then, we evaluated the association of these immune factors with the case-control status using piecewise lo-gistic regression adjusted for age and sex. There were non-linear associations between IL-8/CXCL-8, CXCL-9 and CXCL-10 with pCHIK-CR. Elevated levels of IL-8/CXCL-8 (< 35.7 pg/mL), CXCL-9 (≥2,000 pg/mL), CXCL-10 (≥36,800 pg/mL), significantly reduced the risk of pCHIK-CR (adjusted ORs: 0.85, 0.96 and 0.94, respectively). These results suggest that higher levels of IL-8/CXCL-8, CXCL-9 and CXCL-10, measured in the early stages of CHIKV infection, may predict chronic disease risk. This suggests that an early and strong immune response may enhance CHIKV control and reduce the risk of persistent joint symptoms. Given their expression patterns and timing, these three immune factors may be considered promising biomarker candidates for assessing the risk of chronic rheuma-tism. These findings should be validated in additional cohort studies.